The Last Days of Henry VIII: Conspiracy, Treason and Heresy at the Court of the Dying Tyrant (49 page)

Roger Ascham
(1515–68). Tutor to Princess Elizabeth and teacher to Prince Edward. Wrote and published
Toxophilus or the School or Partitions of Archery
, 1545. Appointed Latin Secretary to Queen Mary in 1553. Tutor and secretary to
Queen Elizabeth. Given a Prebend of York, 1559. Wrote a practical treatise on education,
The Schoolmaster
, which, although unfinished, was published after his death, in 1570. Buried in St Sepulchre without Newgate, London.

John Cheke
(1514–57). Regius professor of Greek at Cambridge University. Knighted by Edward in 1552 and appointed his secretary of state after he became king. Imprisoned in the Tower after Mary’s accession and exiled to Switzerland and Italy.

Sir John Cornwallis
(
c
.1496–1544). Steward. Died at Ashridge, Hertfordshire.

Richard Cox
(1500–81). Former headmaster of Eton and first dean of Christ Church, Oxford. Imprisoned in the Marshalsea early in Mary’s reign; escaped to Frankfurt in 1554. Became Bishop of Norwich in 1559 after Elizabeth’s accession and shortly afterwards of Ely until 1580.

Mistress Jak
. Prince Edward’s wet nurse until October 1538.

Margaret, Lady Bryan
. ‘Lady Mistress’ of the prince’s household.

Sybil Penn
(d.1562). Sister-in-law of Sir William Sidney. Governess to the prince. Buried at Hampton, Middlesex.

Sir William Sidney
(?1482–1554). Soldier. Chamberlain from 1538; later steward and tutor. Granted Penshurst estate, 1552.

Anne Askew
(1521–46). Burnt at Smithfield for heresy after torture in the Tower of London, 16 July 1546.

Robert Barnes
(1495–1540). Prior of Austin Friars, Cambridge. Involved in diplomatic negotiations for Henry’s marriage with Anne of Cleves. Burnt at Smithfield for heresy, 30 July 1540.

Thomas Cromwell, Earl of Essex
(?1485–1540). Lord Privy Seal and Vice-Regent for religious affairs. Beheaded for treason, 28 July 1540, on Tower Hill.

Thomas Culpeper
. One of Henry’s Privy Chamber favourites. Beheaded as a traitor at Tyburn, 10 December 1541.

Francis Dereham
. Former lover and private secretary to Queen Katherine Howard. Hanged, drawn and quartered as a traitor at Tyburn, 10 December 1541.

Thomas Fiennes, Lord Dacre of the South
(b.1517). Hanged for murder at Tyburn, 29 June 1541.

Thomas Garret
. Burnt at Smithfield for heresy, 30 July 1540.

Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
(?1517–47). Son of Thomas Howard, Third Duke of Norfolk. Poet, courtier and soldier. Beheaded for treason, 19 January 1547, on Tower Hill.

Thomas Howard, Third Duke of Norfolk
(1473–1554). Soldier, Earl Marshal and Lord High Treasurer of England. Commanded English forces against the Scots, 1542. Lieutenant General of English army in France, 1544. Condemned to death for treason but saved from execution by Henry VIII’s death. Imprisoned in the Tower of London until Mary’s accession in 1553. Presided at trial of Northumberland, 1553.

William Jerome
, Vicar of Stepney, East London. Burnt at Smithfield for heresy, 30 July 1540.

John Lambert
alias
John Nicholson. After a show trial, burnt at Smithfield, 22 November 1538, for denying the ‘Real Presence’ – the corporeal presence of Christ in the Holy Sacrament of Communion.

Richard Mekins
(1526–41). Fifteen-year-old boy burnt at Smithfield on 30 July 1541 for denying the ‘Real Presence’.

Lady Jane Rochford
(?1510–42). Lady-in-waiting to Queen Anne of Cleves and Queen Katherine Howard, widow of George Boleyn (executed 17 May 1536 for conducting an incestuous relationship with his sister Anne Boleyn). Beheaded for treason, 13 February 1542, on Tower Green.

KH refers to Katherine Howard

KP refers to Katherine Parr

Abbey of Bexley, Kent (given to Vicary)
(i)

Abel, Thomas (papist, executed)
(i)

Act of Supremacy
(i)
,
(ii)

Acts of Attainder
(i)

Cromwell
(i)

KH
(i)

Surrey and Norfolk
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Wolsey
(i)

Acts of Succession
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Acton, Master (justice of the peace)
(i)

actors
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)

Adams, John (tailor, executed)
(i)

Aguilar, Marquis de
(i)

Albert, Francis (armourer)
(i)

alms
(i)

death of Henry
(i)
,
(ii)

Edward’s christening
(i)

Alsop, Thomas (apothecary)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Henry’s funeral
(i)

Henry’s will
(i)

Ampthill, Bedfordshire
(i)
,
(ii)

Anabaptists
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)

Ancrum Moor (English defeat)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Anne, Queen (child’s burial)
(i)
,
(ii)

Anne of Cleves (fourth wife of Henry)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)

annulment
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)
,
(v)

Barnes
(i)

Cromwell
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)
,
(v)

death
(i)
,
(ii)

Denny
(i)
,
(ii)

hopes of reconciliation
(i)
,
(ii)

Lady Denny as lady-in-waiting
(i)

Lady Jane Rochford
(i)
,
(ii)

idea of marriage to Thomas Seymour
(i)

pension
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)

pre-contract of marriage with Francis
(i)
,
(ii)

trumpeters impress Henry
(i)

wedding
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

annulments of Henry’s marriages

Anne of Cleves
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)
,
(v)

Catherine of Aragon
(i)
,
(ii)

Antwerp

Barnes
(i)

John Lambert
(i)

mercenaries
(i)

moneylenders
(i)

planned flight by Mary
(i)

Vaughan
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

apothecaries
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)
,
(v)

Henry’s will
(i)

archery (Edward)
(i)

Ardres (peace treaty)
(i)
,
(ii)

Armin, Robert (actor)
(i)

armour
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)

Butts
(i)

Henry’s funeral
(i)

jousting
(i)

arms (heraldic)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)

Edward
(i)

Norfolk
(i)

St Edward the Confessor
(i)
,
(ii)

Surrey
(i)
,
(ii)

Wolsey
(i)

Arran, Earl of (regent governor of Scotland)
(i)

Arthur, Prince (Henry’s late brother)
(i)
,
(ii)

death
(i)

marriage to Catherine of Aragon
(i)
,
(ii)

tuberculosis
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Arundel, Earl of
(i)

Arundell, Millicent (witness against Surrey)
(i)
,
(ii)

Ascham, Roger
(i)
,
(ii)

tutor to Edward
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

tutor to Elizabeth
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)

Ashley, Catherine ‘Cat’ (governess to Elizabeth)
(i)

Ashridge, Hertfordshire
(i)
,
(ii)

Aske, Robert (attorney, executed)
(i)
,
(ii)

Askew (or Ascough), Anne
(i)

executed
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Audley, Lady (her fool entertained KP)
(i)

Audley, Sir Thomas (sees infant Edward)
(i)

Augustine de Augustinis (doctor)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Aurelius, Marcus (Roman Emperor)
(i)

Austin Friars, Cambridge
(i)
,
(ii)

Ayliffe, Sir John (surgeon)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Baker, Sir John (Attorney-General, Chancellor of Exchequer)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)

Bale, John (Bishop of Ossory)
(i)
,
(ii)

Bandinelli, Baccio (sculptor)
(i)

Bar, Francois Duc de (married Christina of Denmark)
(i)

barbers
(i)

barge race on the Thames
(i)

Barker, Christopher (Garter King at Arms)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Barnes, Robert (evangelical priest)
(i)

executed
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Basset, Anne
(i)
,
(ii)

Basset, Elizabeth (lady-in-waiting to Anne of Cleves)
(i)

Bateson, Giles (crossbow-maker)
(i)

Battle of the Spurs
(i)

Baynton, Sir Edward (KH’s vice-chamberlain)
(i)
,
(ii)

Beachy Head, Sussex (English navy)
(i)

Beaton, Cardinal David (Archbishop of St Andrews)
(i)

Beauchamp, Viscount
see
Seymour, Sir Edward

Beaufort, Margaret (Henry’s grandmother)
(i)

Beck, Thomas (pet food supplier)
(i)

Bedford, Earl of
see
Russell, John Lord

Belenian, Nicholas (priest, executed)
(i)

Bell, Richard (KP’s household)
(i)

Bellin, Nicholas, of Modena (carver of Henry’s effigy)
(i)

Belmaine, John (taught Edward French)
(i)

Bembridge, Isle of Wight (French troops landed)
(i)

Bennet, Mr (tried for heresy)
(i)

Blagge, Sir George (pardoned)
(i)
,
(ii)

Blount, Elizabeth (mother of Henry’s illegitimate son)
(i)

Boleyn, Anne (second wife of Henry)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Baynton
(i)
,
(ii)

birth of Elizabeth
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

brother executed for incest
(i)
,
(ii)

burial in the Tower of London
(i)

cousin of KH
(i)

doctors
(i)
,
(ii)

executed
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)
,
(v)
,
(vi)

failure to bear a son
(i)

miscarriages
(i)
,
(ii)

niece of Norfolk
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)

syphilis
(i)

wedding
(i)
,
(ii)

Wolsey
(i)

Boleyn, George (brother of Anne, executed)
(i)
,
(ii)

Boleyn, Mary (Henry’s mistress)
(i)

Boleyn, Thomas (Earl of Wiltshire, Norfolk’s brother-in-law)
(i)

Bonner, Edmund (Bishop of London)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)

book burning
(i)

Boole, John (Henry’s confessor)
(i)

Boorde, Andrew (doctor)
(i)

Boulogne
(i)

Denny knighted
(i)

Hertford
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Lisle
(i)

handed back to the French
(i)

mercenaries
(i)

papal Bull
(i)

Privy Council
(i)
,
(ii)

Surrey
(i)

war
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)
,
(iv)
,
(v)
,
(vi)

Bourchier, Henry (second Earl of Essex)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Bowes, Sir Martin (Sheriff of London)
(i)
,
(ii)

Brabant (mercenaries)
(i)

Bradshaw, Henry (Chief Baron of Exchequer)
(i)

Brandon, Charles (first Duke of Suffolk)
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

Anne of Cleves
(i)

attack on Edinburgh
(i)

burial
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

death
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

godfather to Edward
(i)

Henry marries KP
(i)

jousting
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

KH’s arrest
(i)
,
(ii)

war in France
(i)
,
(ii)
,
(iii)

wife had dog called ‘Gardiner’
(i)

Brandon, Henry (second Duke of Suffolk)
(i)

Bray, Lord (Henry’s funeral)
(i)

Bridgewater, Lady Katherine (aunt of KH)
(i)