The Lost World of Adam and Eve (34 page)

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Authors: John H. Walton

Tags: #History, #Ancient, #Religion, #Biblical Studies, #Old Testament, #Religion & Science

BOOK: The Lost World of Adam and Eve
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Targum Neofiti
—The Targums are expansive Aramaic translations/paraphrases of biblical texts. This Targum, containing almost the entire Pentateuch, is preserved in a sixteenth-century copy of what is thought to originate in the first several centuries
A.D.

Further Reading

Books

Alexander, Denis.
Creation or Evolution: Do We Have to Choose?
Oxford: Monarch, 2008.

———.
Language of Genetics: A Primer.
Conshohocken, PA: Templeton, 2011.

Anderson, Gary A.
The Genesis of Perfection: Adam and Eve in Jewish and Christian Interpretation.
Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 2001.

———.
Sin: A History.
New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009.

Barrett, Matthew, and Ardel B. Caneday, eds.
Four Views on the Historical Adam.
Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2013.

Becking, Bob, and Susan Hennecke.
Out of Paradise: Eve and Adam and Their Interpreters.
Sheffield: Sheffield Phoenix, 2010.

Biddle, Mark E.
Missing the Mark: Sin and Its Consequences in Biblical Theology.
Nashville: Abingdon, 2005.

Boda, Mark J.
A Severe Mercy: Sin and Its Remedy in the Old Testament.
Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2009.

Bouteneff, Peter C.
Beginnings: Ancient Christian Readings of the Biblical Creation Narratives.
Grand Rapids: Baker, 2008.

Callender, Dexter E., Jr.
Adam in Myth and History: Ancient Israelite Perspectives on the Primal Human.
Harvard Semitic Studies 48. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2000.

Charlesworth, James H.
The Good and Evil Serpent: How a Universal Symbol Became Christianized.
New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010.

Collins, C. John.
Did Adam and Eve Really Exist? Who They Were and Why You Should Care.
Wheaton, IL: Crossway, 2011.

Collins, Francis S.
The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief.
New York: Free Press, 2007.

Crowther, Kathleen M.
Adam and Eve in the Protestant Reformation.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

Enns, Peter.
The Evolution of Adam: What the Bible Does and Doesn’t Say About Human Origins.
Grand Rapids: Brazos, 2012.

Falk, Darrel R.
Coming to Peace with Science: Bridging the Worlds Between Faith and Biology
. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2004.

Finlay, Graeme.
Human Evolution: Genes, Genealogies and Phylogenies.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.

Fowler, Thomas B., and Daniel Kuebler.
The Evolution Controversy: A Survey of Competing Theories.
Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2007.

Giovino, Mariana.
The Assyrian Sacred Tree: A History of Interpretations.
Orbis biblicus et orientalis 230. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2007.

Haarsma, Deborah B., and Loren D. Haarsma.
Origins: Christian Perspectives on Creation, Evolution, and Intelligent Design.
Grand Rapids: Faith Alive Christian Resources, 2011.

Harris, Mark.
The Nature of Creation: Examining the Bible and Science.
Durham, NC: Acumen, 2013.

Izre’el, Shlomo.
Adapa and the South Wind: Language Has the Power of Life and Death.
Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2001.

Joines, Karen.
Serpent Symbolism in the Old Testament: A Linguistic, Archaeological and Literary Study.
Haddonfield, NJ: Haddonfield House, 1974.

Mettinger, Tryggve N. D.
The Eden Narrative: A Literary and Religio-historical Study of Genesis 2–3.
Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2007.

Meyers, Carol L.
The Tabernacle Menorah: A Synthetic Study of a Symbol from the Biblical Cult.
American Schools of Oriental Research Dissertations 2. Missoula, MT: Scholars Press, 1976.

Osborn, Ronald E.
Death Before the Fall: Biblical Literalism and the Problem of Animal Suffering
. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2014.

Plantinga, Cornelius.
Not the Way It’s Supposed to Be: A Breviary of Sin.
Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995.

Provan, Iain.
Seriously Dangerous Religion
. Waco, Texas: Baylor University Press, 2014.

Rana, Fazale, and Hugh Ross.
Who Was Adam?: A Creation Model Approach to the Origin of Man.
Colorado Springs, CO: NavPress, 2005.

Stordalen, Terje.
Echoes of Eden: Genesis 2–3 and Symbolism of the Eden Garden in Biblical Hebrew Literature.
Leuven: Peeters, 2000.

Walton, John H.
Ancient Near Eastern Thought and the Old Testament: Introducing the Conceptual World of the Hebrew Bible.
Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2006.

———.
Genesis.
NIV
Application Commentary. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2001.

———.
Genesis 1 as Ancient Cosmology.
Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

———.
The Lost World of Genesis One: Ancient Cosmology and the Origins Debate.
Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2009.

Williams, Patricia A.
Doing Without Adam and Eve: Sociobiology and Original Sin.
Minneapolis: Fortress, 2001.

Zevit, Ziony.
What Really Happened in the Garden of Eden?
New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2013.

Articles

Averbeck, Richard E. “Ancient Near Eastern Mythography as It Relates to Historiography in the Hebrew Bible: Genesis 3 and the Cosmic Battle.” In
The Future of Biblical Archaeology: Reassessing Methodologies and Assumptions,
edited by James K. Hoffmeier and Alan R. Millard, pp. 328-56. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2004.

Batto, Bernard F. “Paradise Reexamined.” In
In the Beginning: Essays on Creation Motifs in the Ancient Near East and the Bible,
edited by Bernard F. Batto, pp. 54-85. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013. Originally published in
The Biblical Canon in Comparative Perspective,
edited by K. Lawson Younger Jr., William W. Hallo and Bernard F. Batto, Scripture in Context 4 (Lewiston, NY: Mellen, 1991), pp. 33-66.

Bloch-Smith, Elizabeth. “Solomon’s Temple: The Politics of Ritual Space.” In
Sacred Time, Sacred Place: Archaeology and the Religion of Israel,
edited by Barry M. Gittlen, pp. 83-94. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2002.

Feinman, Peter. “Where Is Eden? An Analysis of Some of the Mesopotamian Motifs in Primeval J.” In
Creation and Chaos: A Reconsideration of Hermann Gunkel’s
Chaoskampf
Hypothesis,
edited by JoAnn Scurlock and Richard H. Beal, pp. 172-89. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013.

Gleason, Kathryn L. “Gardens.” In
Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East,
edited by Eric Meyers, 2:383. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

Hurowitz, Victor. “Yhwh’s Exalted House—Aspects of the Design and Symbolism of Solomon’s Temple.” In
Temple and Worship in Biblical Israel: Proceedings of the Oxford Old Testament Seminar,
edited by John Day, pp. 63-110. New York: Continuum, 2005.

Parpola, Simo. “The Assyrian Tree of Life: Tracing the Origins of Jewish Monotheism and Greek Philosophy.”
Journal of Near Eastern Studies
52 (1993): 161-208.

Stager, Lawrence E. “Jerusalem as Eden.”
Biblical Archaeology Review
26, no. 3 (2000): 38-43.

Tuell, Steven S. “The Rivers of Paradise: Ezekiel 47.1-12 and Genesis 2.10-14.” In
God Who Creates: Essays in Honor of W. Sibley Towner,
edited by William P. Brown and S. Dean McBride, pp. 171-89. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2000.

Venema, Dennis R. “Genesis and the Genome: Genomics Evidence for Human-Ape Common Ancestry and Ancestral Hominid Population Sizes.”
Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith
62 (2010): 166-78.

Weinfeld, Moshe. “Gen. 7:11, 8:1-2 Against the Background of Ancient Near Eastern Tradition.”
Die Welt des Orients
9 (1978): 242-48.

Wenham, Gordon J. “Sanctuary Symbolism in the Garden of Eden Story.” In
“I Studied Inscriptions from Before the Flood”: Ancient Near Eastern, Literary, and Linguistic Approaches to Genesis 1–11,
edited by Richard S. Hess and David Toshio Tsumura, pp. 399-404. Sources for Biblical and Theological Study 4. Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 1994. Reprinted from
Proceedings of the Ninth World Congress of Jewish Studies, Division A: The Period of the Bible
(Jerusalem: World Union of Jewish Studies, 1986), pp. 19-25.

Wyatt, Nicolas. “The Mythic Mind.” In
The Mythic Mind: Essays on Cosmology and Religion in Ugaritic and Old Testament Literature,
pp. 151-88. London: Equinox, 2005.

Many articles on these issues can be found on the website
www.biologos.org
.

Author Index

(Page numbers refer to print edition.)

Abusch, Tzvi, 221

Alexander, Denis, 238, 244

Allen, James P., 221

Anderson, Gary, 141, 225, 228, 234, 244

Anderson, Leith, 214

Asselt, Willem J. van, 217

Assmann, Jan, 221, 222

Averbeck, Richard, 133, 233, 246

Bahrani, Zainab, 222, 239

Batto, Bernard F., 217, 218, 221, 228, 246

Beale, Greg, 175, 237

Beckerleg, Catherine Leigh, 239

Becking, Bob, 219

Bell, Theo M. M. A. C., 211

Berlejung, Angelika, 239

Biddle, Mark, 141, 158, 219, 234, 237, 244

Bird, Phyllis, 225

Black, Jeremy, 231

Bloch-Smith, Elizabeth, 117, 227, 228, 246

Block, Daniel I., 230

Boda, Mark J., 234, 244

Bodi, Daniel, 229

Bouteneff, Peter, 211, 219, 239, 244

Callender, Dexter E., 224, 244

Calvin, John, 202, 238, 239, 241

Cassuto, Umberto, 231

Charlesworth, James H. 232, 234, 244

Chavalas, Mark W., 223

Clifford, Richard J., 220, 221, 222

Cocceius, Johannes, 238

Collins, C. John, 221, 244

Collins, Francis, 238, 244

Crowther, Kathleen M., 245

Curtis, Edward Mason, 222, 239

Dalley, Stephanie, 226

Dick, Michael B., 239

Dietrich, Manfred, 227

Enns, Peter, 237, 245

Fabry, Heinz-Josef, 232

Falk, Darrel R., 245

Faulkner, Raymond O., 231, 232

Feinman, Peter, 247

Finlay, Graeme, 238, 245

Fowler, Thomas B., 245

Fox, Michael V., 79, 219, 232

Fretheim, Terence E., 219

Gaffney, James, 145, 235

Garr, W. Randall, 222

George, A. R., 226, 230

Germer, Renate, 228

Giovino, Mariana, 229, 230, 245

Glassner, Jean-Jacques, 218

Gleason, Kathryn L., 228, 247

Gorman, Frank H., 225

Graves, Michael, 211

Green, Anthony, 231

Haarsma, Deborah B., 245

Haarsma, Loren D., 245

Hansen, Nicole B., 231, 232

Harris, Mark, 236, 245

Hennecke, Susan, 211, 217

Henze, Matthias, 229

Hess, Richard S., 217

Hilber, John, 97, 222

Hoffmeier, James K., 221

Hornung, Eric, 225

Hurowitz, Victor, 117, 215, 227, 247

Izre’el, Shlomo, 229, 245

Jacobsen, Thorkild, 218, 231

Jericke, Detlef, 227

Joines, Karen, 245

Kalantzis, George, 219, 235

Keel, Othmar, 228, 230

Kobelski, Paul, 223

Kuebler, Daniel, 245

Lambert, W. G., 220, 221, 231

La Peyrere, Isaac, 217

Lenzi, Alan, 224

Lesko, Leonard H., 221

Longenecker, Richard, 223

Louth, Andrew, 220, 236

Lowery, Daniel DeWitt, 218

Luc, Alex, 234

Luther, Martin, 23, 211

Marsman, Hennie, 225

Mettinger, Tryggve N. D., 229, 245

Meyers, Carol L., 227, 245

Middleton, Richard, 175, 194

Miller, Jared L., 225

Morenz, Siegfried, 221

Oeming, M., 220

O’Rourke, P., 221

Osborn, Ronald E., 216, 245

Parpola, Simo, 123, 125, 229, 230, 247

Pate, C. Marvin, 223

Perrin, Nicholas, 237

Peterson, Ryan, 239

Plantinga, Cornelius, 245

Plumley, J. Martin, 106, 225

Porter, Barbara Nevling, 230

Provan, Iain, 216, 219, 235, 236, 245

Rana, Fazale, 246

Ross, Hugh, 246

Rubio, Gonzalo, 218

Ryken, Philip, 203, 239

Sailhamer, John, 224

Sandy, D. Brent, 211, 233

Simkins, Ronald, 222

Sjöberg, Ake W., 229

Smith, Mark, 235

Stager, Lawrence E., 227, 228, 247

Stordalen, Terje, 219, 226, 228, 230, 231, 246

Toorn, Karel van der, 222, 235, 239

Tuell, Steven S., 247

Turin, Canon, 224

Uehlinger, Christoph, 230

VanderKam, James C., 225

Vanstiphout, Herman L. J., 230

Veenker, Ronald, 233

Venema, Dennis R., 247

Walker, Christopher, 239

Wasilewska, Ewa, 221

Weinfeld, Moshe, 247

Wenham, Gordon J., 224, 227, 247

Westenholz, Joan Goodnick, 231, 232

Wiggermann, F. A. M., 218

Wilkinson, Alix, 228

Williams, Patricia A., 236, 237, 246

Wright, N. T., 161, 169-80

Wyatt, Nicolas, 138, 233, 248

Younger, K. Lawson, Jr., 211

Zevit, Ziony, 132, 231, 232, 233, 234, 246

Subject Index

(Page numbers refer to print edition.) 

2 Baruch
, 171, 234

4 Ezra
, 143, 171

4QAmran, 97, 98

11QMelchizedek, 97

Abraham (Abram), 65, 79, 97, 98, 99, 100, 114, 164, 165, 166, 172, 173, 176, 193, 216, 227

accommodation, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 185, 201, 202

accountability, 12, 140, 154, 155, 159, 203

ʾ
ādām
, 58-62, 217

Adapa, 120, 121, 122, 123, 129, 229, 245

age of the earth, 51-52, 208

Akkadian, 78, 82, 83, 84, 87, 88, 121, 220, 226, 229

alienation, 141, 142, 147, 148

altruism, 179

Amun, 149

antediluvian sages, 120

antidote, 74, 159

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