The Monks of War (38 page)
Lincoln, Bishop of
Linet, Robert de, Vicar-General of Rouen
Lisle, Viscount, son of Lord Talbot
L’Isle-Adam, Jehan de, Marshal of France
Lollards
London, first treaty of (1358)
long-bow; advantages ; construction , history
Louis, Saint (Louis IX of France)
Louis X, King of France
Louis XI, King of France
Louis, Dauphin, son of Charles VI
Louviers, siege of (1431)
Ludwig, Holy Roman Emperor
Luxembourg, Jacquetta of, Duchess of Bedford; Jean de
McFarlane, K. B.,
quoted
McKisack, Professor
Magna Carta
Maine, Bedford’s aims; rising in; promised to France at Tours
Majorca, King of
Malatesta, Pandolfo
Manny (de Masny), Sir Walter
Mar, James, Earl of
Marcel, Etienne
March, Earls of; Roger Mortimer, earl of
Margaret of Anjou, queen of Henry VI
Martin V, Pope
Mauléon, Bascot of
Mauron, battle of (1352)
Meaux, siege of (1421—2)
Melun , siege of (1420)
Merbury, John
Merciless Parliament
Mézières, Philippe de
Milan, French ambition for ; Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of; Valentina of, Duchess of Orleans
Milford Haven, French land at
Mill, Roger
Moleyns, Adam, Bishop of Chichester
Molyneux, Nicholas
Monstrelet, Euguerrand de
Mont-Saint-Michel, Abbot of
Montargis, siege of (1427)
Montereau
Montfort, John of, Duke of Richmond ; John, son of see Brittany, John IV, Duke
Montgomery, Sir John
Morley, Robert
Mortimer, Roger, Earl of March
Nájera, battle of (1367)
Narbonne, Viscount of
nationalism, English
Navarre
see
Charles, King of Navarre
Nevers, Dauphinists meet Burgundy at; Louis de, Count of Flanders ; Philip, Count of
Neville of Raby, Lord
Neville’s Cross, battle of (1346)
Nicopolis, crusade of
Norbury, Sir Henry
Norfolk, Duke of,
temp.
Richard II; John Mowbray, Duke of
Normandy, Henry V conquers ; English government of; taxation and plunder ; risings ; English view of; Charles VII invades; French reconquer; refugees ; Suffolk accused of selling ; John, Duke of (
later
John II); William, Duke of (the Conqueror)
Northampton, Peace of; William de Bohun, Earl of
Norwich, Bishop of,
temp.
Henry V; Henry Dispenser, Bishop of
Ogard, Sir Andrew
Oldcastle, Sir John.
Orleans, siege of (1429); Charles, Duke of ; Duke of, brother of John II; John, Bastard of, Count of Dunois ; Louis, Duke of ; Valentina Visconti, Duchess of
Orleton, Bishop Adam
Otterburn, battle of (1388)
Oxford, Earl of
Page, John
Paris, under Bedford; militia under Fastolf; Joan of Arc attacks; Burgundy becomes governor; conditions in, Bedford again governor; coronation of ‘Henri II’; blockade of ; Talbot threatens ; Archdeacon of; Bishop of; Provost of
Paris, Matthew
Paston Letters, The
Patay
Peasants’ Revolt
Pedro (the Cruel), King of Castile ; Constance, daughter of
Pembroke, Earl of, Governor of Aquitaine
Penthièvre, Count of
Percy family
Perigord, Cardinal of
Périgueux, truce of (1374)
Perrers, Alice
Perroy, Professor Edouard
Perunin, Michel
Philip VI, King of France: accession ; strength; plans crusade with Edward III; finances; confiscates Guyenne; plans to invade England; refuses to fight; and Brittany succession; raises army at Paris; orders attack, Crécy ;retreats; death; appraisal
Philip (the Bold), Duke of Burgundy ; and tax riots; in the Low Countries; plans invasion of England; dismissed by Charles VI; death ; Margaret of Flanders, wife of
Philip (the Good), Duke of Burgundy ; alliance with Henry V; siege of Melun; enters Paris; declines regency; support essential to dual monarchy ; character; ambitions towards Low Countries; treat of Amiens, Triple Alliance ; sister’s marriage to Bedford ; and Humphrey of Gloucester; restoration of alliance; Dauphinists cede Orleans; leaves siege of Orleans ; Bedford gives up Paris and regency to; payments from England; relinquishes governorship of Paris; attitude to Bedford’s remarriage ; approaches Dauphinists ; meets Dauphinists at Nevers ; Arras conference; short-sightedness; treaty of Arras; Charles, son of ; truce; wife of, ransoms Orleans; magnates rebellion
Philippa of Hainault, queen of Edward III
plague see black death
plunder, English in France
Poitiers, battle of (1356) , loss of (1372); Dauphin’s council at
Pole, Sir John de la.
Pole, William de la;
see also
Suffolk
Ponthieu, County of;
see also
Crécy
Pontoise, siege and fall of (1441)
Pontorson, fortress
popes; Benedict XII; Benedict XIII; Clement VI; Clement VII; Gregory XI; Innocent VI; Martin V; Urban V,; Urban VI; Great Schism
Popham, Sir John
prisoners, sale and ransom of
protection racket, France
Quiéret, Hue
Radcliffe, Sir John
Radcot Bridge, battle of (1387)
Rais, Gilles de
Rempston, Sir Thomas
Rheims, siege of (1359—60); coronation of Charles VII at
Richard II (of Bordeaux), King ; accession; proposed marriage; characteristics ; council; finances; Peasants’ Revolt ; and Flanders; and Scotland; quarrels with Gloucester and Arundel; assumes power; truce of Leulinghen; and Guyenne ; and Great Schism; murder of Gloucester and Arundel ; deposition and death
Richemont, Constable de (
later
Arthur III of Brittany)
Richmond, John of Montfort, Earl of; Robert of Artois, Earl of
Rivers, Richard Woodville, Earl
Rolin, Nicholas
Roos, Lord de
Rouen, siege of (1418-19); council at; troops at, before Verneuil; trial and burning of Joan of Arc; temporarily taken by Dauphinists; attacked; taken by Charles VII; Archbishop of
Rous, John
routiers see Free Companies
Sage, Raoul le
Saint-Pol, Count of,
temp.
Charles VI;
temp.
Philip VI
Saint-Sardos, war of
Salic Law
Salisbury, Earl of, temp. Edward III; wife of; Richard Neville, Earl of;
Thomas Montagu,
Earl of ; military skills; at Cravant ; at Verneuil; at siege of Orleans; death; wife of
Salle, Sir Robert
Salm, Count of
Sancerre, Count of
Saumur, treaty of (1426)
Saye and Sele, Lord
Scales, Thomas, Lord
Scotland, Edward III and ; mounted archers used against ; Richard II and; allied with Armagnacs; allied with Dauphinists; allied with Brittany; Kings of see David II
and
James I
Scrope, Sir Geoffrey,
quoted
; Henry, of Masham; Millicent ; Sir Richard
Sens, siege of; Archbishop of
Sherman, General William T.
ships: English,
temp.
Edward III
temp.
Henry V French,
temp.
Philip VI
temp.
Charles V
Shorthose, Gadifer
Shrewsbury, Earl of
see
Talbot
Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
Sluys, battle of (1340)
society, structure of,
temp.
Edward III
soldiers, English: armour ; deserters, Normandy; mobilisation ; pay; plunder in France ; supplies; weakness before Agincourt; weapons
soldiers, French: armour; pay; reforms,
temp.
Charles V; weapons
Somerset, Edmund Beaufort, Earl and Duke of ; John Beaufort, Earl of ; John Beaufort, Earl of
Soper, William
Sorel, Agnes
Southampton plot
Spain
see
Castile
and
Nájera
Springhouse, Sir Edmund
Stafford family; Earl of
Stewart of Darnley, Sir John, Constable of Scotland;
see also
Buchan
Stourton, Lord
Stratford, John de, Archbishop of Canterbury, Chancellor
Sudbury, Simon of, Archbishop of Canterbury, Chancellor
Sudeley, Lord
Suffolk, Michael de la Pole, Chancellor, Earl of; Michael de la Pole, Earl of (died Harfleur) ; Michael de la Pole, Earl of (died Agincourt);
William
de la Pole,
earl of ; at siege of Orleans; at Tours; and Gloucester; accused of selling Normandy, impeached ; murdered
Surienne, François de
Surrey, Richard Fitzalan, Earl of Arundel and
Swynborne, Sir Thomas, Mayor of Bordeaux
Swynford, Catherine, wife of John of Gaunt
Talbot, John, Lord, Earl of Shrewsbury and Waterford ; hostage at Rouen; release ; campaign in Guyenne; Viscount Lisle, son of
taxes, for war ; in France ; Edward, Prince of Wales in Aquitaine; Bedford in France
Teutonic Knights
Thomas, Sir William ap
Tournai, siege of (1340)
Tours, truce of (1444); Charles VII holds council of war
Tramecourt
Trastámara, Henry of, King of Castile
Trémoille, Georges de la
Triple Alliance see Amiens, treaty of
Troyes, treaty of (1420)
Tyler, Wat
Tyrrel, Sir John
Umfraville, Sir Gilbert
Upton, Nicholas
Urban V, Pope
Urban VI, Pope
Usk, Adam of
Valois family
Vaurus, bastard of
Venables, Richard
Vendôme, Count of
Venette, Jean de
Venice, Doge of
Vere, Sir Robert
Verneuil, battle of (1424)
Vicques
Vienne, Jean de
Vignolles, Etienne de
see
La Hire
Vilaines, Bègue de
Villandrando, Rodrigo de
Villon, François
Visconti, Gian Galeazzo, Duke of Milan; Valentina, Duchess of Orleans
Wales, rising in; Princes of
see
Edward; Henry of Monmouth
and
Owain Glynd
r
Waleys, Henri le
Walsingham, Thomas
war, usages of ;
see also
chivalry; plunder and prisoners
Wars of the Roses
Warwick, Earl of,
temp.
Edward III; Richard Beauchamp, Earl of ; at Montargis; trial and burning of Joan of Arc ; death
Waterford, Earl of see Talbot
Waterhouse, second-in-command to Richard Venables
Wavrin, Jean de
weapons: at Agincourt; Castilian ; at Crécy; at Harfleur;
temp.
Henry V;
see also
archers; Bureau
and
guns
Wenlock, Lord
Whittington, Richard
Whittlesey, William, Archbishop of Canterbury
Wight, Isle of
Wigtown, Earl of
William I (the Conqueror)
Willoughby d’Eresby, Lord
Winchelsea, raid on (1360); see
also
Les-Espagnols-sur-Mer
Winter, John
witchcraft;
see also
Joan of Arc
Wodeland, Walter of
wool trade
Wyclif, John
Xaintrailles, Poton de
Yolanda of Sicily, mother-in-law of Charles VII of France
York, Edmund, Duke of, Earl of Cambridge; Edward, Duke of ; Richard, Duke of ; becomes Protector
Young captain
The Prior and many of his men were killed. The kern had made a strong impression by their outlandish dress and their ferocity, riding back from raids with severed heads and even babies dangling from their bareback ponies. There were other Irishmen who, led by the Butler family, made a small but effective contribution to the Lancastrian war effort in France. The fourth Earl of Ormonde—Fra’ Thomas was his bastard son—had been on Clarence’s
chevauchée
in 1412 and also took part in the siege of Rouen. Two more of his sons, Sir John and Sir James Butler (later the fifth Earl) were to be noted captains under Bedford and Old Talbot in the 143os and 144os. Besides a long-haired, moustachioed, saffron-cloaked, barefooted ‘tail’ of javelin men and axe- and claymore-wielding gallowglasses, these Anglo-Irish chieftains would have brought more conventionally armed
daoine uaisle
(gentlemen) recruited from their relations.
‘This Lenthall was victorious at the battaile of Agin-Court and tooke many prisoners there, by the which prey he beganne the new building and mannour place at Hampton.’ John Leland,
Itinerary.
Ogard was a Danish mercenary, his real name being Anders Pedersen. Born about 1400, he was the son of the Knight Peder Nielsen of Aargard, of the great Gyllenstierna family. By 1425 Ogard was serving in Anjou and in 1433 he was made Captain of Vire. He was naturalized in 1436. He served on the Councils of both Bedford and York and was twice an ambassador to the French. In 1450 he was appointed Captain of Caen, which he had the melancholy duty of surrendering. In 1443—in association with Fastolf—he had received a royal licence to ‘empark’ land near Ware in Hertfordshire and here with the money from his French spoils he built Rye House (to be the scene of a famous plot against Charles II). Sir Andrew’s wife was a Norfolk heiress and in 1453 he was elected to Parliament for that county. He died the year after and was buried at Wymondham Abbey.