The Orphan Brigade: The Kentucky Confederates Who Couldn't Go Home (48 page)

12.
Johnson to Polk (Aug. 4, 1861), Johnson Service Record;
O.R.
, I, 4, pp. 370–71, 373–74, 376, 377, 378, 379–80, 389.

13.
Johnson to Polk (Aug. 4, 1861), Johnson Service Record; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, p. 400.

14.
Fred Joyce, “Chaplains of the Fourth Kentucky,”
Southern Bivouac
, I (Nov. 1882), pp. 116–17.

15.
O.R.
, I, 4, pp. 255, 405, 407; Frank Moore, comp.,
Rebellion Record: A Diary of American Events
(New York, 1862), III, documents, p. 129.

16.
O.R.
, I, 4, pp. 193–94, 407, I, 52, Part 2, pp. 148–49.

17.
“Taps,”
Southern Bivouac
, I (Dec. 1882), pp. 179–80; “Major Thomas H. Hays,”
Southern Bivouac
, III (Mar. 1885), p. 333.

18.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, p. 51;
O.R.
, I, 4, p. 414, I, 52, Part 2, pp. 150–51; Simon B. Buckner, “To the People of Kentucky” (Sept. 17, 1861), University of Kentucky Library, Lexington.

1.
John S. Jackman Diary (Sept. 26–Oct. 5, 1861), and undated clippings in the Jackman Diary, Library of Congress.

2.
O.R.
, I, 4, pp. 415–16, I, 52, Part 2, pp. 152–53, 154; John B. Castleman,
Active Service
(Louisville, 1917), p. 73; Special Orders 171 (Nov. 5, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 306, Orders and Circulars Received by 1st Kentucky Brigade (Nov. 1862–May 1863), RG 109, NA.

3.
Mrs. George Marckmann Diary (Sept. 27, 1861), in possession of W. Maury Darst, Galveston, Tex.

4.
Unnumbered special order (Nov. 7, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 306, RG 109, NA; William C. Davis,
Breckinridge: Statesman, Soldier, Symbol
(Baton Rouge, La., 1974), pp. 280–81; Basil W. Duke,
A History of Morgan’s Cavalry
(Cincinnati, O., 1867), pp. 88–96; George B. Hodge,
Sketch of the First Kentucky Brigade
(Frankfort, Ky., 1874), p. 6.

5.
“Coffee-boiler Rangers,”
Southern Bivouac
, I (July 1883), pp. 442–43.

6.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 876–77; “Sketch of Gen. B. H. Helm,”
Land We Love
, III (June 1867), pp. 163–65; Beriah Magoffin to Jefferson Davis (May 9, 1861), Ben Hardin Helm to Leroy P. Walker (May 16, 1861), Ben Hardin Helm, Combined Service Record, RG 109, NA.

7.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 430–31, 448; Jackman Diary (Oct. 5–6, 1861); Albert D. Kirwan, ed.,
Johnny Green of the Orphan Brigade
(Lexington, Ky., 1956), pp. 10–11.

8.
Kirwan,
Johnny Green
, p. 12; Jackman Diary (Nov. 1861); Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 47, 431.

9.
George B. Hodge to John R. Chambliss (Jan. 2, 1862), Chap. II, Vol. 311, Letters, Telegrams Received and Sent by General Breckinridge’s Command (Dec. 1861–Nov. 1863), RG 109, NA; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
,
pp. 420–21, 703, 712, 728–29; Hiram Hawkins to Samuel Cooper (June 18, 1862), Hiram Hawkins Compiled Service Record, RG 109, NA.

10.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 45, 444, 481, 804; Joseph H. Lewis, “To the People” (Sept. 23, 1861), Joseph H. Lewis Scrapbook in possession of Mrs. Helene Lewis Gildred, San Diego, Calif.; Joseph H. Lewis, Compiled Service Record, Martin Cofer to Alex Cassaday (Nov. 27, 1861), Martin Cofer, Compiled Service Record, RG 109, NA.

11.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 457, 630, 860, 862; unnumbered special order (Nov. 1, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 306, Inventory (Nov. 11, 1861), Robert Cobb, Compiled Service Record, RG 109, NA.

12.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 46, 457, 860; Special Orders 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (Nov. 16, 1861), Special Order 13 (Dec. 3, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 316, Military Departments, Special Orders Received, 1st Kentucky Brigade (Nov. 1861–Oct. 1862), RG 109, NA; Fred Joyce, “Why Sue Mundy Became a Guerrilla and Some Facts Concerning His Early Life,”
Southern Bivouac
, II (Nov. 1883), pp. 125–26.

13.
Hawes Service Record, Roger W. Hanson, Compiled Service Record, RG 109, NA; J. Winston Coleman, Jr.,
Famous Kentucky Duels
(Lexington, 1969), pp. 89–95; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 375–77; Lexington,
Sunday Leader
(June 13, 1897); Duke,
Reminiscences
, pp. 138–40; Thompson,
First Kentucky Brigade
, p. 332.

14.
O.R.
, I, 4, pp. 484; Simon B. Buckner to Joseph E. Johnston (Feb. 6, 1863), Simon B. Buckner Papers, Huntington Library, San Marino, Calif.

15.
See Davis,
Breckinridge
, pp. 268–96 passim; Jackman Diary, undated clipping; Louisville
Journal
(Oct. 14, 1861); L. B. Ulmer, “A Glimpse of Johnstone Through the Smoke of Shiloh” (1901), Choctaw County Public Library, Butler, Ala.; “Address of John C. Breckinridge” (Oct. 8, 1861), Moore,
Rebellion Record
, III, documents, pp. 254–59.

16.
O.R.
, I, 4, p. 445; Richmond
Daily Dispatch
(Oct. 22, Nov. 7, 1861); John B. Jones,
A Rebel War Clerk’s Diary at the Confederate States Capital
(Philadelphia, Pa., 1866), I, p. 95.

17.
H. E. Horde, “Recollections of Gen. J. C. Breckinridge,”
Confederate Veteran
, XVII (Dec. 1909), p. 594.

18.
Special Order No. 8 (Nov. 17, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 316, General Orders Nos. 1, 2 (Nov. 16, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 307, Military Departments, Orders and Circulars Received, 1st Kentucky Brigade (Nov. 1861–Apr. 1864), Morning Reports Nov. 5, 6, Dec. 25, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 317, Military Departments, Morning Reports, 1st Kentucky Brigade (Nov. 1861–Feb. 1862), RG 109, NA.

19.
General Order No. 2 (Nov. 16, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 307, George B. Hodge to Buckner (Jan. 2, 1862), Chap. II, Vol. 311, Robert P. Trabue to Breckinridge (Jan. 17, 1862), Trabue, Compiled Service Record, “Quartermaster
Stores Delivered to Ed Porter Thompson” (Feb. 2, 1862), Thompson, Compiled Service Record, RG 109, NA; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, p. 439; Thomas H. Hunt to Hodge (Jan. 1862), Hunt, Compiled Service Record, RG 109, NA.

20.
Johnson to Buckner (Oct. 29, 1861), Johnson Compiled Service Record, RG 109, NA; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 48–49.

21.
Breckinridge to Charles Dimmock (Nov. 31, 1861), in “Governor Letcher’s Official Correspondence,”
Southern Historical Society Papers
, I (June 1876), p. 461; unnumbered special order (Oct. 30, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 306, Hodge to George Cosby (Dec. 5, 1861), Breckinridge to ? (Dec. 11, 1861), Hodge to Chambliss (Jan. 2, 1862), Hodge to Cosby (Jan. 2, 1862), Chap. II, Vol. 311, Hodge to Allen (Dec. 19, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 316, RG 109, NA.

22.
H. E. Ferguson to “Dear Sister” (Jan. 26, 1862), in possession of Mrs. Howard Jones, Glasgow, Ky. Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 50, 57–58; Weller, “The Fourth Kentucky,” pp. 349–50; Hodge to Cosby (Dec. 6, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 311, Special Order No. 17 (Dec. 6, 1861), No. 21 (Dec. 11, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 316, entry (Sept. 17, 1861), Chap. VI, Vol. 663, RG 109, NA.

23.
Special Order No. 18 (Dec. 8, 1861), No. 26 (Dec. 15, 1861), No. 30 (Dec. 19, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 316, unnumbered special orders (Oct. 30, 31, Nov. 3, 4, 10, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 306, General Order No. 3 (Nov. 30, 1861), No. 8 (Dec. 27, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 307, Military Departments, Orders and Circulars Received, 1st Kentucky Brigade (Nov. 1861–Apr. 1864), RG 109, NA; Lexington
Morning Herald
(Nov. 1, 1897).

24.
Weller, “The Fourth Kentucky,” p. 348; “Orphan Brigade Items,”
Southern Bivouac
, III (Mar. 1885), p. 322; “Taps,”
Southern Bivouac
, II (Nov. 1883), p. 139; Ferguson to “Dear Sister” (Jan. 26, 1862), Ferguson Letters; “Taps,”
Southern Bivouac, I
(Feb. 1883), pp. 271–72.

25.
Undated clipping, Jackman Diary; General Order No. 7 (Dec. 25, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 307, RG 109, NA; “H.C.S.,”
Southern Bivouac
, I (Dec. 1882), p. 147; “Youth’s Department,”
Southern Bivouac
, II (June 1884), p. 468.

26.
Duke,
Morgan’s Cavalry
, p. 93; Duke,
Reminiscences
, pp. 95–99, 142; Thompson,
First Kentucky Brigade
, pp. 335–36.

27.
Duke,
Morgan’s Cavalry
, pp. 208–9; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, p. 59; Hodge to Morgan (Dec. 16, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 311, Special Order No. 242 (Dec. 1, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 316, Report (Sept. 29, 1861), Chap. VI, Vol. 663, Morning Reports (Nov. 5–Dec. 10, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 317, RG 109, NA; Duke,
Reminiscences
, p. 142.

28.
Hunt to Hodge (Dec. 11, 1861), Hunt, Compiled Service Record, Breckinridge to colonels of the 3d, 4th, 5th, and 6th Kentuckys (Jan. 27, 1862), Hodge to Andrew Hynes (Feb. 6, 1862), Hodge to Chambliss (Jan. 2,
1862), Chap. II, Vol. 311, General Order No. 10 (Feb. 1, 1862), Chap. II, Vol. 307, RG 109, NA; Duke,
Reminiscences
, pp. 134–36; Ferguson to “Dear Sister” (Nov. 12, 1861), Ferguson Letters; United States Congress,
Congressional Record
(Washington, D.C., 1921), LXI, Part 7, 67th Cong., 1st sess., p. 7,393; A. E. Young to “Dear Brother” (Dec. 16, 1861), A. E. Young Letters in possession of Mrs. Howard Jones.

29.
Reuben Davis,
Recollections of Mississippi and Mississippians
(University, Miss., 1972), pp. 422–24; Kirwan,
Johnny Green
, pp. 14–15; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 518, 603.

30.
Confederate Veteran
, XXVIII (Feb. 1920), pp. 61–62; Kirwan,
Johnny Green
, pp. 14–15; LeGrand J. Wilson,
The Confederate Soldier
(Memphis, Tenn., 1973), pp. 42–43; A. E. Young to “Dear Brother” (Dec. 16, 1861), A. E. Young Letters; Chap. VIII, Vol. 69, Clothing Account Book, Co. C., 4th Ky. Vols., 1862–64, p. 222, RG 109, NA.

1.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 52–54; Frankfort,
Kentucky Yeoman
(Nov. 29, 1861);
O.R.
, I, 4, pp. 539–40, 551–52, Vol. 52, Part 2, pp. 195–96, Vol. 7, pp. 447, 698, 707–8; Hunt to R. Morgan (Jan. 7, 1861), Hunt, Compiled Service Record, RG 109, NA.

2.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 55–56, 431;
O.R.
, I, 7, pp. 781–82; Breckinridge to William J. Hardee (Dec. 21, 1861), Chap. II, Vol. 311; Gervis D. Grainger,
Four Years with the Boys in Gray
(Franklin, Ky., 1902), p. 6; Jackman Diary (Dec. 23, 1861), and clipping on p. 197; Hardee to Breckinridge (Dec. 22, 1861), John C. Breckinridge Papers, Chicago Historical Society; Ferguson to “Dear Sister” (Jan. 26, 1862), Ferguson Letters.

3.
O.R.
, I, 7, pp. 840–41, 864, 865; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, p. 62.

4.
O.R.
, I, 7, pp. 418–19, 861–62; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 76–79; Chap. VI, Vol. 663, p. 1, General Order No. 17 (Feb. 12, 1862), No. 18 (Feb. 13, 1862), Chap. II, Vol. 307, Morning Report (Feb. 11, 1862), Chap. II, Vol. 317, RG 109, NA; Kirwan,
Johnny Green
, p. 16.

5.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, p. 78; Hodge,
First Kentucky Brigade
, pp. 10–11.

6.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 78–79; “Nondescript,” “Heel and Toe,” pp. 256–57.

7.
Undated clippings in Jackman Diary. For a discussion of the origins of the name Orphan Brigade, see the author’s Introduction to the 1973 edition of Thompson’s
Orphan Brigade
, pp. vii–ix. The earliest usage in print is in Thompson,
First Kentucky Brigade
, p. 386, in 1868. Jackman uses it once in his diary but, since this was transcribed in 1865–66, it could be a postwar addition. Still, if it is referred to this soon after the war, it was almost certainly coined—though not much used—during the war.

8.
O.R.
, I, 7, pp. 342–43; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 62–63; Roger
W. Hanson to Virginia Hanson (Mar. 23, 1862), Roger W. Hanson Papers, Library of Congress.

9.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 63–65, 75, 598.

10.
O.R.
, I, 7, pp. 343–44, 348; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 65–67, 73; John A. Wyeth,
That Devil Forrest
(New York, 1959), pp. 46–47; Thomas Jordan and J. P. Pryor,
The Campaigns of Lieut.-Gen. N. B. Forrest, and of Forrest’s Cavalry
(Dayton, O., 1973), pp. 81–84.

11.
O.R.
, I, 7, pp. 294, 333, 337, 340, 344–45; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 66–69, 73, 74, 355, 560; pay voucher, Hanson, Compiled Service Record, RG 109, NA; Frank Funk, “Fort Donelson,”
Southern Bivouac
, I (May–June 1883), pp. 345–46; “Taps,”
Southern Bivouac
, II (Oct. 1883), p. 88; James Hewitt to R. G. T. Beauregard (Apr. 14, 1862), James Hewitt, Compiled Service Record, RG 109, NA; S. M. H. Byers,
Iowa in War Times
(Des Moines, Ia., 1888), p. 105; Bromfield L. Ridley,
Battles and Sketches of the Army of Tennessee
(Dayton, O., 1978), p. 67.

12.
Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 69–71, 79–80; Hodge,
First Kentucky Brigade
, pp. 11–12; Kirwan,
Johnny Green
, p. 17.

13.
Hodge,
First Kentucky Brigade
, pp. 15–18; General Order No. 19 (Feb. 18, 1862), No. 23 (Feb. 23, 1862), No. 26 (Mar. 4, 1862), Chap. II, Vol. 307, RG 109, NA; Kirwan,
Johnny Green
, pp. 17–18.

14.
O.R.
, I, 7, p. 905; Hodge to Hardee (Jan. 5, 1862), Chap. II, Vol. 311, RG 109, NA; James B. Clay to James B. Clay, Jr. (Jan. 26, 1862), Thomas J. Clay Papers, Library of Congress.

15.
Hodge,
First Kentucky Brigade
, pp. 17–18; Kirwan,
Johnny Green
, pp. 18–19; Thompson,
Orphan Brigade
, pp. 80, 98–99.