“Go!” echoed Edwards. “Whither do you go?”
The Leatherstocking, who had imbibed, unconsciously, many of the Indian qualities, though he always thought of himself as of a civilized being, compared with even the Delawares, averted his face to conceal the workings of his muscles, as he stooped to lift a large pack from behind the tomb, which he placed deliberately on his shoulders.
“Go!” exclaimed Elizabeth, approaching him with a hurried step. “You should not venture so far in the woods alone at your time of life, Natty; indeed, it is imprudent. He is bent, Effingham, on some distant hunting.”
“What Mrs. Effingham tells you is true, Leatherstocking,” said Edwards; “there can be no necessity for your submitting to such hardships now! So throw aside your pack and confine your hunt to the mountains near us, if you will go.”
“Hardship! 'Tis a pleasure, children, and the greatest that is left me on this side the grave.”
“No, no; you shall not go to such a distance,” cried Elizabeth, laying her white hand on his deerskin pack. “I am right! I feel his camp kettle and a canister of powder! He must not be suffered to wander so far from us, Oliver; remember how suddenly Mohegan dropped away.”
“I know'd the parting would come hard, children; I know'd it would!” said Natty. “And so I got aside to look at the graves by myself, and thought if I left ye the keepsake which the Major gave me, when we first parted in the woods, ye wouldn't take it unkind, but would know that, let the old man's body go where it might, his feelings stayed behind him.”
“This means something more than common!” exclaimed the youth. “Where is it, Natty, that you purpose going?”
The hunter drew nigh him with a confident, reasoning air, as if what he had to say would silence all objections, and replied:
“Why, lad, they tell me that on the Big-lakes there's the best of hunting, and a great range, without a white man on it, unless it may be one like myself. I'm weary of living in clearings and where the hammer is sounding in my ears from sunrise to sundown. And though I'm much bound to ye both, childrenâI wouldn't say it if it was not trueâI crave to go into the woods ag'in, I do.”
“Woods!” echoed Elizabeth, trembling with her feelings; “Do you not call these endless forests woods?”
“Ah! Child, these be nothing to a man that's used to the wilderness. I have took but little comfort sin' your father come on with his settlers; but I wouldn't go far, while the life was in the body that lies under the sod there. But now he's gone, and Chingachgook is gone; and you be both young and happy. Yes! The big house has rung with merriment this month past! And now, I thought, was the time to try to get a little comfort in the close of my days. Woods! Indeed! I doesn't call these woods, Madam Effingham, where I lose myself every day of my life in the clearings.”
“If there be anything wanting to your comfort, name it, Leatherstocking; if it be attainable it is yours.”
“You mean all for the best, lad; I know it; and so does Madam, too: but your ways isn't my ways. 'Tis like the dead there, who thought, when the breath was in them, that one went east, and one went west, to find their heavens; but they'll meet at last; and so shall we, children. Yes, end as you've begun, and we shall meet in the land of the just at last.”
“This is so new! So unexpected!” said Elizabeth, in almost breathless excitement. “I had thought you meant to live with us and die with us, Natty.”
“Words are of no avail,” exclaimed her husband; “the habits of forty years are not to be dispossessed by the ties of a day. I know you too well to urge you further, Natty; unless you will let me build you a hut on one of the distant hills, where we can sometimes see you and know that you are comfortable.”
“Don't fear for the Leatherstocking, children; God will see that his days be provided for, and his end happy. I know you mean all for the best, but our ways doesn't agree. I love the woods, and ye relish the face of man; I eat when hungry, and drink when adry; and ye keep stated hours and rules: nay, nay, you even overfeed the dogs, lad, from pure kindness; and hounds should be gaunty to run well. The meanest of God's creaters be made for some use, and I'm formed for the wilderness; if ye love me, let me go where my soul craves to be ag'in!”
The appeal was decisive; and not another word of entreaty for him to remain was then uttered; but Elizabeth bent her head to her bosom and wept, while her husband dashed away the tears from his eyes; and, with hands that almost refused to perform their office, he produced his pocketbook, and extended a parcel of bank notes to the hunter.
“Take these,” he said, “at least take these; secure them about your person, and in the hour of need, they will do you good service.”
The old man took the notes and examined them with a curious eye.
“This, then, is some of the new-fashioned money that they've been making at Albany, out of paper! It can't be worth much to they that hasn't larning! No, no, ladâtake back the stuff; it will do me no sarvice. I took kear to get all the Frenchman's powder afore he broke up, and they say lead grows where I'm going. It isn't even fit for wads, seeing that I use none but leather!âMadam Effingham, let an old man kiss your hand, and wish God's choicest blessings on you and your'n.”
“Once more let me beseech you, stay!” cried Elizabeth. “Do not, Leatherstocking, leave me to grieve for the man who has twice rescued me from death, and who has served those I love so faithfully. For my sake, if not for your own, stay. I shall see you in those frightful dreams that still haunt my nights, dying in poverty and age, by the side of those terrific beasts you slew. There will be no evil, that sickness, want, and solitude can inflict, that my fancy will not conjure as your fate. Stay with us, old man, if not for your own sake, at least for ours.”
“Such thoughts and bitter dreams, Madam Effingham,” returned the hunter, solemnly, “will never haunt an innocent parson long. They'll pass away with God's pleasure. And if the catamounts be yet brought to your eyes in sleep, 'tis not for my sake, but to show you the power of Him that led me there to save you. Trust in God, Madam, and your honorable husband, and the thoughts for an old man like me can never be long nor bitter. I pray that the Lord will keep you in mindâthe Lord that lives in clearings as well as in the wildernessâand bless you, and all that belong to you, from this time till the great day when the whites shall meet the redskins in judgment, and justice shall be the law, and not power.”
Elizabeth raised her head and offered her colorless cheek to his salute, when he lifted his cap and touched it respectfully. His hand was grasped with convulsive fervor by the youth, who continued silent. The hunter prepared himself for his journey, drawing his belt tighter, and wasting his moments in the little reluctant movements of a sorrowful departure. Once or twice he essayed to speak, but a rising in his throat prevented it. At length he shouldered his rifle and cried with a clear huntsman's call that echoed through the woods:
“He-e-e-re, he-e-e-re, pupsâaway, dogs, away; ye'll be footsore afore ye see the ind of the journey!”
The hounds leaped from the earth at this cry, and scenting around the graves and the silent pair, as if conscious of their own destination, they followed humbly at the heels of their master. A short pause succeeded, during which even the youth concealed his face on his grandfather's tomb. When the pride of manhood, however, had suppressed the feelings of nature, he turned to renew his entreaties, but saw that the cemetery was occupied only by himself and his wife.
“He is gone!” cried Effingham.
Elizabeth raised her face and saw the old hunter standing, looking back for a moment, on the verge of the wood. As he caught their glances, he drew his hard hand hastily across his eyes again, waved it on high for an adieu, and uttering a forced cry to his dogs, who were crouching at his feet, he entered the forest.
This was the last that they ever saw of the Leatherstocking, whose rapid movements preceded the pursuit which Judge Temple both ordered and conducted. He had gone far towards the setting sunâthe foremost in that band of pioneers who are opening the way for the march of the nation across the continent.
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING
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Adams, Charles Hansford.
“The Guardian of the Law”: Authority and Identity in James Fenimore Cooper
. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1990.
Beard, James Franklin, ed.
The Letters and Journals of James Fenimore Cooper
. 6 vols. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1960-68.
Dekker, George.
James Fenimore Cooper: The Novelist
. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1967.
Doolen, Andy.
Fugitive Empire: Locating Early American Imperialism
. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2005.
Franklin, Wayne.
The New World of James Fenimore Cooper
. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
Gardner, Jared.
Master Plots: Race and the Founding of an American Literature, 1787-1845
. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998.
Kelly, William P.
Plotting America's Past: Fenimore Cooper and the Leatherstocking Tales
. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1983.
Kolodny, Annette.
The Lay of the Land: Metaphor as Experience and History in American Life and Letters
. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1975.
Lawrence, D. H.
Studies in Classic American Literature
. London: William Heinemann, 1924.
McWilliams, John P., Jr.
Political Justice in a Republic:
James Fenimore Cooper's America
. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1972.
Peck, H. Daniel.
A World by Itself: The Pastoral Moment in Cooper's Fiction
. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1977.
Railton, Stephen.
Fenimore Cooper: A Study of His Life and Imagination
. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1978.
Rans, Geoffrey.
Cooper's Leatherstocking Novels: A Secular Reading
. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.
Ringe, Donald A.
James Fenimore Cooper
. New York: Twayne, 1962.
Smith, Henry Nash.
Virgin Land: The American West as Symbol and Myth
. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1950.
Spiller, Robert E.
Fenimore Cooper: Critic of His Time
. New York: Minton, Balch, 1931.
Stegner, Wallace. “It All Began with Conservation.”
Smithsonian
21 (April 1990).
Sundquist, Eric J.
Home as Found: Authority and Genealogy in Nineteenth-Century American Literature
. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1979.
Sweet, Timothy.
American Georgics: Economy and Environment in Early American Literature
. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2002.
Taylor, Alan.
William Cooper's Town: Power and Persuasion on the Frontier of the Early American Republic
. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1995.
Thomas, Brook.
Cross-Examinations of Law and Literature: Cooper, Hawthorne, Stowe, and Melville
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
Wallace, James D.
Early Cooper and His Audience
. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.
A NOTE ON THE TEXT
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The text of this edition is based on the W. A. Town-send and Company edition published in 1859 and reprinted by the Riverside Press in their collected edition of Cooper's works in 1872. The spelling and punctuation have been brought into conformity with modern American usage.
1
Though forests still crown the mountains of Otsego, the bear, the wolf, and the panther are nearly strangers to them. Even the innocent deer is rarely seen bounding beneath their arches; for the rifle and the activity of the settlers have driven them to other haunts. To this change (which, in some particulars, is melancholy to one who knew the country in its infancy) it may be added that the Otsego is beginning to be a niggard of its treasures.
2
The book was written in 1823.
3
The population of New York is now (1831) quite 2,000,000.
4
Sleigh is the word used in every part of the United States to denote a traineau. It is of local use in the west of England, whence it is most probably derived by the Americans. The latter draw a distinction between a sled, or sledge, and a sleigh; the sleigh being shod with metal. Sleighs are also subdivided into two-horse and one-horse sleighs. Of the latter, there are the cutter, with thills so arranged as to permit the horse to travel in the side track; the “pung,” or “tow-pung,” which is driven with a pole; and the “gumper,” a rude construction used for temporary purposes, in the new countries.
Many of the American sleighs are elegant, though the use of this mode of conveyance is much lessened with the melioration of the climate, consequent on the clearing of the forests.
5
The spectators, from immemorial usage, have a right to laugh at the casualties of a sleigh ride; and the Judge was no sooner certain that no harm was done, than he made full use of the privilege.
6
The periodical visits of St. Nicholas, or Santa Claus as he is termed, were never forgotten among the inhabitants of New York, until the emigration from New England brought in the opinions and usages of the Puritans. Like the “bon homme de Noel,” he arrives at each Christmas.
7
The grants of land, made either by the crown or the state, were by letters patent under the great seal, and the term “patent” is usually applied to any district of extent, thus conceded; though under the crown, manorial rights being often granted with the soil, in the older counties, the word “manor” is frequently used. There are many “manors” in New York, though all political and judicial rights have ceased.