Pearce, Fred 26 â 7 , 30 peat bog methane 27 â 8 percentage principle 74 Peru 182 , 226 PetroChina 41 Pew Foundation 89 â 90 , 106 Philippines 179 , 180 planning 6 backcasting 100 â 2 communities 100 democratic processes and 99 â 100 energy needs 72 flexibility of 145 job creation 148 multi-level 95 previous experiences of 98 â 9 polar and glacial ice Arctic resources 36 , 203 â 4 , 206 data of 13 â 14 dynamic and volatile 27 European climate and 167 IPCC controversy 22 â 3 predictions for 17 â 18 politics of climate change absorption of green ideas 48 , 54 aiming for concord 116 â 19 concepts of 71 â 5 economic competition 150 foregrounding 112 â 16 future discounting 2 â 3 global scope 229 â 30 holistic approach 91 left-right thinking 7 , 49 , 91 , 116 measuring sustainability 65 Petropolitics 217 â 220 politicians awareness and 3 â 4 profound changes and 4 transcendence 74 urgency of 2 Pollin, Robert 149 polluter pays principle 121 adaptation and 165 carbon tax 148 , 152 ensuring state and 95 â 6 politics of 71 responsibility and 66 â 7 pollution and toxic substances 62 aluminium mining 126 economic impact 64 public right to know 121 right-to-know legislation 121 Popper, Karl 6 population factor in adaptation 181 feeding billions 67 â 8 increase of 17 relation to poverty 214 Portugal environmental performance 82 â 3 , 92 poverty see inequalities and poverty power relations of humans 229 â 230 relation to money 116 state sovereignty 209 â 13 UN intervention 211 world-view of 213 Pralle, Sarah 115 precautionary principle arguments of 55 â 9 compared to adaptation 164 â 5 green movement and 51 rejection of 6 Protection of the Earth's Atmosphere (German parliament) 79 public attitudes accepting risk 231 Brazil 225 clusters of 105 â 8 concern about environment 103 â 5 developing vs developed states 104 â 5 emphasizing the positives 108 â 12 fatalism 115 foregrounding environment 112 â 16 Giddens's paradox 2 â 3 green presentation to 123 â 4 information and 104 interest groups and 114 planning and 102 reaction to weather events 10 right to know 121 shifting 107 â 10 US view on environment 89 â 90 see also civil society Putin, Vladimir 209 â 10 , 219 radicalism active reaction to events 10 green viewpoints 26 â 31 lack in international agreements 194 âof the centre' 116 political transcendence 74 renewed cause of 49 rainfall see droughts and floods Rainforest Alliance 126 Rasmussen, Anders Fogh 191 Rasmussen, Lars Lokke 191 recycling and waste 126 carbon tax 155 , 156 jobs and 147 Reduced Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) 193 Rees, William 53 regions coalitions and collaborations 220 â 2 Kyoto agreements 220 see also local governance regulation handicap for business 7 short-termism and 99 renewable energy biofuels 70 â 1 Brazil 225 â 6 Chinese investment in 9 conservationists and 54 economic competition 7 EU and 195 feed-in tariffs 79 â 80 , 91 , 131 job creation 146 â 50 lobbying for 122 Portugal 82 â 3 smart grids 143 Spain and Portugal 82 â 3 , 92 status report on 138 turn towards 35 US-China cooperation 223 resources see environment and resources; fossil fuels The Return of History and the End of Dreams (Kagan) 209 â 13 Rice, Condoleezza 212 Rifkin, Jeremy 132 third industrial revolution 129 â 31 Rio conference Carstedt and 127 green movement and 50 IPCC and 185 precautionary principle 55 success of 211 sustainable development 60 risk assessing seriousness of 8 context of 59 coping with 6 cost-benefit analysis 58 â 9 ensuring state and 95 importance of global warming 32 investment and 150 precautionary principle 55 â 9 social perception of 57 â 8 vulnerabilities 164 Roberts, J. Timmons 178 â 9 Roberts, Simon 158 â 9 Rockefeller Foundation 177 Romania 197 Ross, Michael 218 Rousseff, Dilma 225 Rowntree Foundation 154 â 6 Royal Society 137 , 139 Russia Arctic resources 203 â 4 asserts power 209 â 10 , 210 authoritarianism 77 , 208 , 209 fossil fuel resources 44 international agreements 213 Kyoto negotiations 186 , 187 oil and gas politics 207 , 218 resources of 39 see also Soviet Union Rwanda 212 Sarkozy, Nicolas 196 , 197 Saudi Arabia 215 China and 45 conservativism 217 supply of oil 39 sceptics attacks on scientists 23 â 5 exaggerated risks and 8 â 9 media coverage of 3 public attitudes and 107 science and 20 , 31 support base 24 â 5 tactics of 25 â 6 viewpoints of 18 â 25 Scheer, Herman 79 Schröder, Gerhard 80 Schwarzenegger, Arnold 200 â 1 science 230 , 231 co-operative efforts 72 consensus of 25 green principles and 51 greens principles and 73 integrity of data 23 NGOs and 123 sceptics and 9 , 20 , 23 â 5 , 31 uncertainty of 26 see also radicalism; sceptics; technology sea level rise Bangladesh 182 â 3 cause of 14 future building and 171 â 2 India 224 the Netherlands and 22 â 3 predictions of 17 UK coastal management 172 â 3 security see conflict and warfare Shanghai Cooperation Organization 208 Shearman, David The Climate Change Challenge and the Failure of Democracy (with Smith) 76 Shellenberger, Michael 148 â 9 Sierra Club 50 Singer, Fred 18 The Skeptical Environmentalist (Lomborg) 19 Slovakia 197 Smartgrids (European Commission) 146 Smith, Joseph Wayne The Climate Change Challenge and the Failure of Democracy (with Shearman) 76 social justice the bottom billion 213 â 14 green principles and 51 polluter pays 67