The Science of Yoga: The Risks and the Rewards (50 page)

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Authors: William J Broad

Tags: #Yoga, #Life Sciences, #Health & Fitness, #Science, #General

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197
hailed as the genesis:
Sara Corbett, “The Holy Grail of the Unconscious,”
New York Times Magazine
, September 20, 2009, Section MM, p. 34.

 

197
“I was frequently”:
Jung and Jaffé,
Memories
, p. 177.

 

198
became a confirmed health enthusiast:
William Ander Smith,
The Mystery of Leopold Stokowski
(Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1990), p. 105.

 

198
would meditate to clear his mind:
William A. Smith, “Leopold Stokowski: A Re-Evaluation,”
American Music
, vol. 1, no. 3 (Autumn 1983), pp. 23–37.

 

198
taught her yoga:
Frederick Sands and Sven Broman,
The Divine Garbo
(New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1979), pp. 188–91; Antoni Gronowicz,
Garbo: Her Story
(New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990), p. 353.

 

198
recounted how Garbo taught him:
Gayelord Hauser,
Gayelord Hauser’s Treasury of Secrets
(New York: Fawcett World Library, 1967), p. 198.

 

198
performed hundreds of times:
Hunphrey Burton,
Yehudi Menuhin: A Life
(Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2001), pp. 223–53.

 

198
a courageous act of reconciliation:
Ibid., pp. 282–86.

 

199
he met Iyengar:
Ibid., pp. 331–32; Iyengar,
Iyengar
, pp. 59–64.

 

199
wrote a foreword of considerable grace:
Yehudi Menuhin, “Foreword,” in Iyengar,
Light on Yoga
, pp. 11–12.

 

199
told an interviewer that it can:
Ganga White, “Every Breath You Take: Sting on Yoga,”
Yoga Journal
, November–December 1995, pp. 64–69. For more on the musician’s views about yoga, see Sting, “Foreword: The Yogi and the Shower Singer,” in Ganga White,
Yoga Beyond Belief: Insights to Awaken and Deepen Your Practice
(Berkeley: North Atlantic Books, 2007), pp. xiii–xvi.

 

199
A cottage industry has sprung up:
Debra Bokur, “Spiritual Retreats: The Inside Story,”
Yoga Journal
, December 2003, pp. 46–48.

 

200
“Yoga won’t make writing easy”:
Quoted in Anonymous, “The Next Wave of Yoga Research: Creativity?” October 19, 2007,
www.prleap.com/pr/98937.

 

200
Novick’s book:
Linda Novick,
The Painting Path: Embodying Spiritual Discovery through Yoga, Brush and Color
(Woodstock, VT: SkyLight Paths, 2007).

 

200
“The students,” she recalled:
Mia Olson,
Musician’s Yoga
(Boston: Berklee Press, 2009), p. 125.

 

200
not unusual for a beginning student:
Robin,
A Physiological Handbook
, p. 150.

 

200
bursts of long-suppressed emotion:
It turns out that many practices that seek to promote serenity—meditation, yoga, massage, to name a few—can spark emotional flare-ups. See Amy Eden Jollymore, “Emotional Ambush,”
Natural Health
, November–December 1999, pp. 87–89.

 

201
examined the roots of creative reverie:
Green and Green,
Beyond Biofeedback
, pp. 118–52, 255–56.

 

202
“a quick way to calm”:
Jeff Davis,
The Journey from the Center to the Page: Yoga Philosophies and Practices as Muse for Authentic Writing
(Rhinebeck, NY: Monkfish Book Publishing, 2008), p. 41.

 

202
details the favorite drinks:
Mark Bailey,
Hemingway & Bailey’s Bartending Guide to Great American Writers
(Chapel Hill, NC: Algonquin Books, 2006).

 

202
does the trick indirectly:
Bear et al.,
Neuroscience
, pp. 156–57, 670–71.

 

203
the investigations of Roger Sperry:
Stanley Finger,
Minds Behind the Brain: A History of the Pioneers and Their Discoveries
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), pp. 281–300. For a profile of one of Sperry’s students and his role in the discoveries, see Benedict Carey, “Michael S. Gazzaniga: Decoding the Brain’s Cacophony,”
New York Times
, November 1, 2011, Section D, p. 1.

 

203
basic difference between the two halves:
Jill Bolte Taylor,
My Stroke of Insight: A Brain Scientist’s Personal Journey
(New York: Viking, 2006), pp. 27–36, 137–45.

 

203
inconspicuous type of sensory activity:
Faith Hickman Brynie,
Brain Sense: The Science of the Senses and How We Process the World Around Us
(New York: AMACOM, 2009), pp. 18–19.

 

204
Jill Bolte Taylor:
For a profile, see Leslie Kaufman, “A Superhighway to Bliss,”
New York Times
, May 25, 2008, Style section, p. 1.

 

205
“I felt like a genie”:
Taylor,
My Stroke
, p. 67.

 

205
learning how to empower:
Ibid., pp. 159–74.

 

205
In 2001, he and his colleagues reported:
Andrew B. Newberg, Abass Alavi, Michael J. Baime, et al., “The Measurement of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow During the Complex Cognitive Task of Meditation: A Preliminary SPECT Study,”
Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging
, vol. 106, no. 2 (April 2001), pp. 113–22.

 

205
a more detailed portrait in 2007:
Andrew Newberg, Mark Waldman, Nancy Wintering, et al., “Cerebral blood flow effects in long-term meditators,”
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
, vol. 48, supplement 2 (2007), p. 111P.

 

206
“We found greater overall activations”:
Debbie L. Cohen, Nancy Wintering, Victoria Tolles, et al., “Cerebral Blood Flow Effects of Yoga Training: Preliminary Evaluation of 4 Cases,”
Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
, vol. 15, no. 1 (2009), pp. 9–14.

 

206
suggests that the right hemisphere orchestrates:
George J. Demakis, “Sex and the Brain,” in Richard D. McAnulty and M. Michele Burnette, eds.,
Sex and Sexuality
, vol. 2,
Sexual Function and Dysfunction
(Westport, CT: Praeger, 2006), pp. 28–34.

 

207
linked sexual excitement to the lighting:
See, for instance, Jari Tiihonen, Jyrki Kuikka, Jukka Kupila, et al., “Increase in Cerebral Blood Flow of Right Prefrontal Cortex in Man During Orgasm,”
Neuroscience Letters
, vol. 170, no. 2 (April 11, 1994), pp. 241–43.

 

207
a study of four hundred and twenty-five:
Daniel Nettle and Helen Clegg, “Schizotypy, Creativity and Mating Success in Humans,”
Proceedings of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences
, vol. 273, no. 1586 (March 7, 2006), pp. 611–15.

 

208
An astonishing case:
Oliver Sacks,
Musicophilia: Tales of Music and the Brain
(New York: Knopf, 2008), pp. 3–17.

 

209
all smiles and applause:
The PBS science show
Nova
devoted a segment to Sacks’s book and Cicoria. See “Musical Minds,”
www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/musicminds/about.html.

 

209
a CD of classical piano solos:
Tony Cicoria,
Notes from an Accidental Pianist and Composer
,
www.cdbaby.com/cd/drtonycicoria.

 

209
an unending flow of poetry:
Gopi Krishna,
Kundalini: The Evolutionary Energy in Man
(Boston: Shambhala, 1997), pp. 200–202, 206–13.

 

209
“I had never learned German”:
Ibid., p. 212.

 

210
“It is, if one may say so”:
Carl von Weizsäcker, “Introduction,” in Krishna,
The Biological Basis
, pp. 20–21.

 

210
a diverse body of artwork:
Adi Da up close, “Art and Photography,”
www.adidaupclose.org/Art_and_Photography/index.html.

 

210
His 2007 book:
Adi Da Samraj (Franklin Jones),
The Spectra Suites
(New York: Welcome Books, 2007).

 

210
a page devoted to her paintings:
Jana Dixon, “Artwork,” biologyofkundal ini.com/article.php?story=Artwork.

 

211
“We’re everyday people”:
Interview, Dale Pond, August 1, 2009.

 

212
profiled by Degler in a book:
Degler,
Fiery Muse
, pp. 44–50, 186.

 

213
Beneath the surface:
Neil Bethell Sinclair,
The Spirit Flies Free: The Kundalini Poems
(Bayside, CA.: Life Force Books, 2008), p. 2.

 

 

Epilogue

215
arrived at a turning point:
My approach here was year: robertmor inspired by Fishman and Saltonstall, “Authors’ Note,”
Yoga for Arthritis
, pp. 15–17.

 

217
more than $2
trillion
a year:
Robert Pear, “Health Spending Exceeded Record $2 Trillion in 2006,”
New York Times
, January 8, 2008, Section A, p. 20.

 

219
In his book:
Dalai Lama,
The Universe in a Single Atom: The Convergence of Science and Spirituality
(New York: Morgan Road, 2005), pp. 3, 13.

 

219
a new cycle of studies:
For a list of yoga studies that the NIH funds, enter the search term “yoga” at its Reporter site:
www.projectreporter.nih.gov/re porter.cfm
.

 

220
ridiculed yoga studies:
Terence P. Jeffrey, “WASTE: Federal ‘Gurus’ Funding Yoga,”
Human Events
, July 20, 2005,
www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=8165
.

 

220
amounted to about $7 million:
Author search of the NIH Reporter site,
www.projectreporter.nih.gov
, October 31, 2011. I used the word
yoga
but—to focus on major efforts and eliminate ones in which the discipline played a minor role—limited the categories to projects in which the word appeared in project titles, project terms, and abstracts. In fiscal 2011, the result was 26 research projects that had a total funding of $6,563,721.

 

222
devoted its last chapter:
William J. Broad,
The Orcenter1e: The Lost Secrets and Hidden Message of Ancient Delphi
(New York: Penguin, 2006), pp. 227–50.

 
Bibliography
 

Sources cited multiple times appear below as well as in the Notes, whereas those cited once appear exclusively in the Notes.

 

Afifi, Adel K., and Ronald A. Bergman.
Functional Neuroanatomy: Text and Atlas
, 2nd ed. New York: Lange Medical Books, 2005.

 

Akers, Brian Dana, trans.
The Hatha Yoga Pradipika.
Woodstock, NY: YogaVidya.com, 2002.

 

Alter, Joseph S.
Gandhi’s Body: Sex, Diet, and the Politics of Nationalism.
Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000.

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