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Authors: Friedrich Nietzsche,R. J. Hollingdale

Thus Spoke Zarathustra

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THUS SPOKE ZARATHUSTRA

F
RIEDRICH
N
IETZSCHE
was born near Leipzig in 1844, the son of a Lutheran clergyman. He attended the famous Pforta School, then went to university at Bonn and at Leipzig, where he studied philology and read Schopenhauer. When he was only twenty-four he was appointed to the chair of classical philology at Basle University; he stayed there until his health forced him into retirement in 1879. While at Basle he made and broke his friendship with Wagner, participated as an ambulance orderly in the Franco-Prussian War, and published
The Birth of Tragedy
(1872),
Untimely Meditations
(1873–6) and the first part of
Human, All Too Human
(1878; two supplements entitled
Assorted Opinions and Maxims
and
The Wanderer and his Shadow
followed in 1879 and 1880 respectively). From 1880 until his final collapse in 1889, except for brief interludes, he divorced himself from everyday life and, supported by his university pension, he lived mainly in France, Italy and Switzerland.
The Dawn
appeared in 1881 followed by
The Gay Science
in the autumn of 1882.
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
was written between 1883 and 1885, and his last completed books were
Ecce Homo
, an autobiography, and
Nietzsche contra Wagner
. He became insane in 1889 and remained in a condition of mental and physical paralysis until his death in 1900.

R. J. H
OLLINGDALE
translated eleven of Nietzsche’ books and published two books about him; he also translated works by, among others, Schopenhauer, Goethe, E. T. A. Hoffman, Lichtenberg and Theodor Fontane, many of these for Penguin Classics. He was the honorary president of the British Nietzsche Society. R. J. Hollingdale died on 28 September 2001. In its obituary
The Times
described him as ‘Britain’s foremost postwar Nietzsche specialist’ and the
Guardian
paid tribute to his ‘inspired gift for German translation’. Richard Gott wrote that he ‘brought fresh generations – through fluent and intelligent translation – to read and relish Nietzsche’s inestimable thought’.

NIETZSCHE

Thus Spoke Zarathustra

A BOOK FOR EVERYONE
AND NO ONE

TRANSLATED

WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY

R. J. Hollingdale

PENGUIN BOOKS

PENGUIN BOOKS

Published by the Penguin Group
Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England
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Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R 0RL, England

www.penguin.com

This translation first published 1961
Reprinted with new Introduction 1969
Reprinted with new Chronology and Further Reading 2003
46

Copyright © R. J. Hollingdale, 1961, 1969
All rights reserved

Except in the United States of America, this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’ prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser

9780141904320

CONTENTS

CHRONOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
FURTHER READING
Part One
ZARATHUSTRA’S PROLOGUE
ZARATHUSTRA’S DISCOURSES
Of the Three Metamorphoses
Of the Chairs of Virtue
Of the Afterworldsmen
Of the Despisers of the Body
Of Joys and Passions
Of the Pale Criminal
Of Reading and Writing
Of the Tree on the Mountainside
Of the Preachers of Death
Of War and Warriors
Of the New Idol
Of the Flies of the Market-Place
Of Chastity
Of the Friend
Of the Thousand and One Goals
Of Lave of One’s Neighbour
Of the Way of the Creator
Of Old and Young Women
Of the Adder’ Bite
Of Marriage and Children
Of Voluntary Death
Of the Bestowing Virtue
Part Two
The Child with the Mirror
On the Blissful Islands
Of the Compassionate
Of the Priests
Of the Virtuous
Of the Rabble
Of the Tarantulas
Of the Famous Philosophers
The Night Song
The Dark Song
The Funeral Song
Of Self-Overcoming
Of the Sublime Men
Of the Land of Culture
Of Immaculate Perception
Of Scholars
Of Poets
Of Great Events
The Prophet
Of Redemption
Of Manly Prudence
The Stillest Hour
Part Three
The Wanderer
Of the Vision and the Riddle
Of Involuntary Bliss
Before Sunrise
Of the Virtue that Makes Small
On the Mount of Olives
Of Passing By
Of the Apostates
The Home-Coming
Of the Three Evil Things
Of the Spirit of Gravity
Of Old and New Law – Tables
The Convalescent
Of the Great Longing
The Second Dance Song
The Seven Seals (or: The Song of Yes and Amen)
Part Four
The Honey Offering
The Cry of Distress
Conversation with the Kings
The Leech
The Sorcerer
Retired from Service
The Ugliest Man
The Voluntary Beggar
The Shadow
At Noontide
The Greeting
The Last Supper
Of the Higher Man
The Song of Melancholy
Of Science
Among the Daughters of the Desert
The Awakening
The Ass Festival
The Intoxicated Song
The Sign
NOTES

CHRONOLOGY

 

 

1844
15 October. Friedrich Wilhekn Nietzsche born in the parsonage at Rocken, near Lützen, Germany, the first of three children of Karl Ludwig, the village pastor, and Fraziska Nietzsche, daughter of the pastor of a nearby village.
1849   
27 July. Nietzsche’ father dies.
1850   
The Nietzsche family moves to Naumberg, in Thuringia, in April. Arthur Schopenhauer publishes
Essays, Aphorisms and Maxims
.
1856   
Birth of Freud.
1858   
The family moves to No. 18 Weingarten. Nietzsche wins a place at the prestigious Pforta grammar school.
1860   
Forms a literary society, ‘Germania’, with two Naumberg friends. Jacob Burckhardt publishes
The Civilisation of the Renaissance in Italy
.
1864   
Enters Bonn University as a student of theology and philology.
1865   
At Easter, Nietzsche abandons the study of theology having lost his Christian belief. Leaves Bonn for Leipzig, following his former tutor of philology, Friedrich Ritschl. Begins to read Schopenhauer.
1867   
First publication, ‘Zur Geschichte der Theognideischen Spruchsammlung’ (The History of the Theognidia Collection) in the
Rheinische Museum fir Philiogie
. Begins military service.
1868   
Discharged from the army. Meets Richard Wagner.
1869   
Appointed to the chair of classical philology at Basle University having been recommended by Ritschl. Awarded a doctorate by Leipzig. Regular visitor at Wagners’ home in Tribschen.
1870   
Delivers public lectures on The Greek Music Drama’ and ‘Socrates and Tragedy’. Serves as a medical orderly with the Prussian army where he is taken ill with diphtheria.
1871   
Applies unsuccessfully for the chair of philology at Basle. His health deteriorates. Takes leave to recover and works on
The Birth of Tragedy.
1872   
The Birth of Tragedy
published (January). Public lectures ‘On the Future of our Educational Institutions’.
1873   
Untimely Meditations I: David Strauss
published.
1874   
Untimely Meditations II: On the Use and Disadvantage of History for Life and III: Schopenhauer as Educator
published.
1875   
Meets Peter Gast, who is to become his earliest ‘disciple’. Suffers from ill-health leading to a general collapse at Christmas.
1876   
Granted a long absence from Basle due to continuing ill-health. Proposes marriage to Mathilde Trampedach but is rejected.
Untimely Meditations IV: Richard Wagner in Bayreuth
published. Travels to Italy.
1878   
Human, All Too Human
published. His friendship with the Wagners comes to an end.
1879   
Assorted Opinions and Maxims
published. Retires on a pension from Basle due to sickness.
1880   
The Wanderer and his Shadow and Human, All Too Human
II published.
1881   
Dawn
published.
1882   
The Gay Science
published. Proposes to Lou Andreas Salome and is rejected.
1883   
13 February. Wagner dies in Venice.
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
I and II published.
1884   
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
HI published.
1885   
Zarathustra
IV privately printed.
1886   
Beyond Good and Evil published
.
1887   
On the Genealogy of Morals
published.
1888   
The Wagner Case
published. First review of his work as a whole published in the Bern
Bund
. Experiences some improvement in health but this is short-lived.
1889   
Suffers mental collapse in Turin and is admitted to a psychiatric clinic at the University of Jena.
Twilight of the Idols
published and
Nietzsche contra Wagner
privately printed.
1890   
Nietzsche returns to his mother’ home.
1891   
Dithyrambs of Dionysus
published.
1894   
The Anti-Christ
published. The ‘Nietzsche Archive’ founded by his sister, Elisabeth.
1895   
Nietzsche contra Wagner
published.
1897   
20 April. Nietzsche’s mother dies; and Elisabeth moves Nietzsche to Weimar.
1900   
25 August Nietzsche dies. Freud publishes
Interpretation of Dreams.
1901   
Publication of
The Will to Power
, papers selected by Elisabeth and Peter Gast.
1908   
Ecce Homo
published.
BOOK: Thus Spoke Zarathustra
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