Walking on Air (37 page)

Read Walking on Air Online

Authors: Janann Sherman

BOOK: Walking on Air
11.4Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub

67
. Copy of her Christmas letter, 29 December 1974, Omlie Collection.

68
. Letter, Phoebe Omlie to Pancho Barnes, 1 January 1975 and 22 January 1975, William E. Barnes Collection.

69
. Della May Hartley-Frazier, interview with author, 12 December 2007.

70
. Letter, Jeanira Ratcliffe to Phoebe Omlie and Della May Frazier, 3 June 1975, Omlie Collection.

71
. Phoebe's niece, Deloris Navrkal, recalled a “shouting match” between Phoebe and her brother at the funeral of Andrew Fairgrave, their father, in March 1956, which apparently was the last time the brother and sister ever spoke to each other. Author telephone interview with Navrkal, 5 November 2007. Power of Attorney drafted 18 June 1975; Last Will and Testament signed and notarized 25 June 1975, copies of both in Omlie Collection.

72
. Agreement, 23 June 1975, Omlie Collection.

73
. Memo, Dr. Woerner, “to whom it may concern,” Omlie Collection.

74
. Application to Pine Needle Court 31 May 1975 reflects her income, Omlie Collection; Hartley-Frazier interview with author, 12 December 2007.

75
. Letter, Louise Thaden to Glenn Buffington, 6 July 1975, private collection shared by Pat Thaden Webb.

76
. Indiana Death Certificate, 17 July 1975.

77
. The Memphis chapter of the Ninety-Nines assumed the cost for the minister and for her grave marker, according to Fern Mann, then treasurer of the chapter. Phoebe's bankbook, bills, and invoices for the funeral arrangements in Omlie Collection.

78
. Hartley-Frazier interview.

79
. Author of this piece is identified by Scharlau as Margaret Moore Post. Scharlau,
Phoebe
, 114; obituary in
Indianapolis News
, 23 July 1975.

Epilogue

1
.
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 30 September 1975.

2
. Following an interview with the author in 2004, James Kacarides shared copies of all correspondence concerning the airport and tower naming activities, herein referred to as Kacarides Collection, in author's possession.

3
. Baker allegedly convinced the city of Millington to donate the property for the airport. See letters to the editor,
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 3 April 1970, 10 April 1970.

4
. Letter, James Kacarides to Airport Authority, 13 April 1970;
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 5 May 1981.

5
. Letter, W. M. Fletcher for the Airport Authority to James Kacarides, 16 February 1981, Kacarides Collection. This small room, containing clippings and trophies, has since been edited down to a poorly lit window hidden behind the stairs.

6
.
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 28 October 1980. Rumors of alcoholism wafted around Phoebe from time to time. Her erstwhile biographer, Gene Scharlau, tried her best to track them down through interviews with Phoebe's friends and colleagues. Friend
Elaine McClure believed Phoebe had started drinking “Coca-cola highballs” to ease the pain from her various ankle injuries. McClure discounted the rumors of alcoholism, saying that Phoebe “didn't have enough money to drink on,” since she could only afford one meal a day. Scharlau contacted Dr. Jean Woerner, who signed Phoebe's death certificate, about the issue. Woerner replied that Phoebe had died of lung cancer, and “acute alcoholism had nothing whatsoever to do with her demise.” Scharlau interview with Elaine McClure, 1982, IWASM; Copy of death certificate with attached letter from Dr. Woerner in Ninety-Nines Museum.

7
. Letter, James Kacarides to the editor,
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 1 November 1980.

8
. Ibid., 9 December 1980.

9
. Letter, Carolyn Sullivan to the editor,
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 16 December 1980.

10
.
Commercial Appeal
, 19 December 1980.

11
. Letter, Jack K. Barker of the FAA to Thomas L. Campbell, secretary Memphis-Shelby County Airport Authority, 10 February 1981, Kacarides Collection.

12
. Letter, James Kacarides to W. M. Fletcher, 20 February 1981, Kacarides Collection.

13
.
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 5 May 1981; copies of letters in Kacarides Collection.

14
. John M. Fowler, General Counsel for the U.S. Department of Transportation to Rep. James J. Howard, Chairman Committee on Public Works and Transportation, U.S. House of Representatives, 8 March 1982, Kacarides Collection.

15
.
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 8 June 1982.

16
. S.896 introduction with accompanying remarks in
Congressional Record
, 7 April 1981, S3542–3543;
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 8 April 1981, 8 June 1982.

17
. U.S. senator Howard Baker, “Washington News Update,” July 1982, Kacarides Collection.

18
. Letter, James Kacarides to Rep. Harold Ford, 9 May 1981, Kacarides Collection.

19
. Letter, W. M. Fletcher to James Kacarides, 9 August 1982, Kacarides Collection.

20
.
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 31 August 1982.

21
. Letter, James Kacarides to W. M. Fletcher, 10 November 1982, Kacarides Collection.

22
. FAA southern region administrator Doug Murphy Sr.; FAA leadership developer Bob McMullen, and FAA southern region communications and public affairs manager Kathleen Bergen, conference call with author, 1 July 2010.

23
. Thanks to the efforts of George T. Wilson and Pat Thaden Webb, who nominated her; the sponsorship of Wilson Air in Memphis; and Bob Minter, founder and chairman of the Tennessee Aviation Hall of Fame, Sevierville, Tennessee.

24
. Letter, James T. Kacarides to the editor,
Memphis Press-Scimitar
, 1 November 1980.

Afterword

1
. Following the wishes expressed in Phoebe's will, found among her papers, the sorted materials were returned to Memphis. The papers, scrapbooks, and photographs are archived in the Memphis Room of the Memphis Public Library. The three-dimensional objects now belong to the Memphis Pink Palace Museum. Items I acquired in my research have also been placed in these two repositories. Phoebe's scattered possessions, to the extent to which we could collect them, are now home in Memphis.

Bibliography
Archives and Collections

Benson Ford Research Center, Dearborn

Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library, Hyde Park

Memphis and Shelby County Airport Authority

Memphis Public Library and Information Center

Minneapolis Public Library

Minnesota Historical Society

National Archives

Ninety-Nines Museum of Women Pilots, Oklahoma City

Pink Palace Museum, Memphis

Quad Cities Airport Archives, Davenport

Southern Museum of Flight, Birmingham

Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville

Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland

Private Collections

William E. Barnes Collection

James T. Kacarides Collection

Louise Thaden Collection

Interviews

Glenn Messer and Elaine McClure, interviews by Gene Scharlau, 1982,

International Women's Air and Space Museum

Interviews by author:

Emma Jean Whittington Hall
Della May Hartley-Frazier
Deloris Navrkal
Dorothy Swain Lewis
Pat Thaden Webb

Secondary Sources

“Air-Rail Line Spans America in 48 Hours.”
Modern Mechanics
, November 1929, 27, 165–168.

Allard, Noel E., and Gerald N. Sandvick.
Minnesota Aviation History 1857–1945.
Chaska, MN: MAHB Publishing, 1993.

Barry, John M.
Rising Tide: The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 and How It Changed America.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997.

Beatty, Jenny T., and Ellen Nobles-Harris. “99s Then and Now: Airmarking.”
International Women Pilots Magazine
, May/June 2003, 6.

Blair, Margaret Whitman.
The Roaring 20: The First Cross-Country Air Race for Women
. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic, 2006.

Bobbitt, Charles. “The North Memphis Driving Park, 1901–1905: The Passing of an Era.”
West Tennessee Historical Society Papers
(1972): 40–55.

Blotner, Joseph.
Faulkner: A Biography
. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2005.

Brooks-Pazmany, Kathleen.
United States Women in Aviation 1919–1929.
Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1991.

Buffington, H. Glenn. “The First Women's Air Derby.”
American Aviation Historical Society Journal
(Fall 1964): 222–224.

———. “Phoebe Fairgrove [
sic
] Omlie: USA's First Woman Transport Pilot.”
American Aviation Historical Society Journal
(Fall 1968): 186–188.

Butler, Susan.
East to the Dawn: The Life of Amelia Earhart
. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1997.

Caldwell, Cy. “The World's Greatest Show.”
Aero Digest
(October 1929): 61, 284–286.

Callen, Charles Land. “There's No Stopping a Woman with Courage Like This.”
American Magazine
, August 1929, 28–29, 141–144.

Christy, Joe.
American Aviation
, 2nd ed. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: TAB Books, 1994.

Congressional Quarterly.
Congress and the Nation, Vol. II, 1965–1968
. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Press, 1969.

Cooper, Ann L.
How High She Flies.
Arlington Heights, IL: Aviatrix Publishing, 1999.

Coppock, Helen R., and Charles W. Crawford, eds.
Paul R. Coppock's Mid South
, Vol. 2, 1971–1975. Memphis: The Paul R. Coppock Publication Trust, 1993.

———.
Paul R. Coppock's Mid South
, Vol. 3, 1976–1978. Memphis: The Paul R. Coppock Publication Trust, 1993.

Coppock, Paul R.
Memphis Sketches.
Memphis: Friends of Memphis and Shelby County Libraries, 1976.

Corn, Joseph J.
The Winged Gospel: America's Romance with Aviation, 1900–1950.
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983.

Courtney, W. B. “Wings of the New Deal.”
Democratic Digest
, April 1935, 9–10.

Crouch, Tom D.
Wings: A History of Aviation from Kites to the Space Age.
New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 2003.

Dawson, David. “The Flying Omlies: A Barnstorming Legacy.”
Memphis
, December 1980, 43–49.

Dick, Ron, and Dan Patterson.
Aviation Century
:
The Early Years.
Erin, Ontario: Boston Mills Press, 2003.

———.
Aviation Century: The Golden Age.
Erin, Ontario: Boston Mills Press, 2004.

Dowdy, G. Wayne.
Mr. Crump Don't Like It: Machine Politics in Memphis.
Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2006.

Dwiggins, Don.
The Air Devils: The Story of Balloonists, Barnstormers, and Stunt Pilots.
Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1966.

Earhart, Amelia.
The Fun of It
. Chicago: Chicago Academy Publishers, 1992 [reprint of 1932].

Faulkner, John.
My Brother Bill: An Affectionate Reminiscence.
London: Trident Press, 1963.

Faulkner, William.
Pylon
. New York: Random House, 1935.

Finger, Michael. “Flying a Steady Course.”
Taking Flight
(a supplement to
Memphis
magazine), 2005, 8–13.

Forden, Lesley.
The Ford Air Tours, 1925–1931.
New Brighton, MN: Aviation Foundation of America, 2003.

“For More Flying.”
99er
, March 1934, 4, 9.

Fox, Col. Herbert S. “Women Take Wings.”
Charm
, May 1943, 57.

Fulbright, Jim.
Aviation in Tennessee
. Goodlettsville, TN: Mid-South Publications, 1998.

Gaudiani, Claire.
The Greater Good
. New York: Times Books, 2003.

“Grandstand Observations,”
Aero Digest
, October 1931, 36–40.

Grant, R. G.
Flight: The Complete History.
Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, 2007.

Greenwood, Jim and Maxine.
Stunt Flying in the Movies
. Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Tab Books, 1982.

Gunston, Bill.
Aviation: The First 100 Years.
Hauppauge, NY: Barron's, 2002.

Hollander, Lu, Gene Nora Jessen, and Verna West.
The Ninety-Nines: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow
. Paducah, KY: Turner Publishing Company, 1996.

Jessen, Gene Nora.
The Powder Puff Derby of 1929.
Naperville, IL: Sourcebooks, 2002.

Johns, Russell C. “Observations at the National Air Races and Exposition.”
Aero Digest
, September 1929, 55–56, 120.

Kessler, Lauren.
The Happy Bottom Riding Club: The Life and Times of Pancho Barnes.
New York: Random House, 2000.

Keyhoe, Donald E. “Seeing America with Lindbergh.”
National Geographic
, January 1928, 1–46.

Komons, Nick A.
Bonfires to Beacons
:
Federal Civil Aviation Policy Under the Air Commerce Act, 1926–1938
. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1989.

Larson, John W. “‘He Was Mechanic Arts': Mechanic Arts High School: The Dietrich Lange Years, 1916–1939.”
Ramsey County History
41, no. 2 (Summer 2006): 4–17.

Launius, Roger D., ed.
Innovation and the Development of Flight
. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1999.

Leonhirth, Janene. “Tennessee's Experiment: Women as Military Flight Instructors.”
Tennessee Historical Quarterly
(Fall 1992): 170–178.

———.
They also flew: Women Aviators in Tennessee, 1922–1950.
M.A. thesis, Middle Tennessee State University, 1990.

Other books

A Matter of Oaths by Helen S. Wright
Blood & Magic by George Barlow
On Beulah Height by Reginald Hill
Night Thunder by Jill Gregory
The Blight of Muirwood by Jeff Wheeler
The Memory Box by Eva Lesko Natiello