Washington: A Life (170 page)

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Authors: Ron Chernow

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58
.
WWR,
392. Letter to John Laurens, October 13, 1780.
59
. Chernow,
Alexander Hamilton,
141.
60
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:390.
61
. Ibid.
62
. Chernow,
Alexander Hamilton,
143.
63
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:387.
64
.
WWF,
20:87. Letter to Lieutenant Colonel John Jameson, September 25, 1780.
65
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
66.
66
Ibid., 67.
67
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:394.
68
. Chernow,
Alexander Hamilton,
144.
69
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
68.
70
. Stephenson,
Patriot Battles,
73.
71
. Ibid.
72
. Ibid.
73
. Unger,
Lafayette,
125.
74
.
WWR,
392. Letter to John Laurens, October 13, 1780.
75
.
WWF,
20:95. “General Orders,” September 26, 1780.
76
. Ibid., 20:151. Letter to Count de Rochambeau, October 10, 1780.
77
.
WWR,
393. Letter to John Laurens, October 13, 1780.
78
.
WWF,
20:223. Letter to Major Henry Lee, October 20, 1780.
79
. Ibid., 21:255. “Instructions to Marquis de Lafayette,” February 20, 1781.
80
. Brookhiser,
Founding Father,
37.
 
 
CHAPTER THIRTY-TWO: MUTINY
1
.
WWF,
20:303. “General Orders,” November 6, 1780.
2
. Ibid., 20:314. Letter to the President of Congress, November 7, 1780.
3
. Freeman,
George Washington,
5:232.
4
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:398.
5
.
WWF,
20:431. “Plan for Attack on New York,” November 1780.
6
. Ibid., 21:62. “Circular to the New England States,” January 5, 1781.
7
. Gaines,
For Liberty and Glory,
150.
8
. Stephenson
, Patriot Battles,
99.
9
.
WWF,
22:191. Letter to Brigadier General Anthony Wayne, June 9, 1781.
10
.
WWR,
414. Letter to Robert Howe at West Point, January 22, 1781.
11
.
WWF,
21:136. Letter to the President of Congress, January 23, 1781.
12
. Nelson,
Thomas Paine,
157.
13
.
WWR,
409. Letter to John Laurens, January 15, 1781.
14
. Grant,
John Adams,
267.
15
.
WWF,
21:181. Letter to John Sullivan, February 4, 1781.
16
. Chernow,
Alexander Hamilton,
151.
17
Ibid.
18
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:411.
19
. Chernow,
Alexander Hamilton,
152.
20
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:412.
21
. Chernow,
Alexander Hamilton,
152.
22
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:412.
23
. Ibid.
24
. Ibid.
25
.
WWF,
21:491. Letter to the Marquis de Lafayette, April 22, 1781.
26
. Ibid., 22:3. Letter to Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Hamilton, April 27, 1781.
27
Ibid.
28
. Schutz and Adair,
Spur of Fame,
34.
29
Ibid., 47.
30
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:494.
31
. Ibid.
32
.
WWF,
21:411. Letter to the President of Congress, April 4, 1781.
33
Flexner,
George Washington,
2:427.
34
. Higginbotham,
George Washington Reconsidered,
280.
35
. Ramsay,
Life of George Washington,
2.
36
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:417.
37
. Freeman,
George Washington,
5:491.
38
. MTV. “Early Descriptions Ante 1800.” Reminiscence of Ludwig Baron von Closen.
39
.
WWF,
21:341. Letter from Benjamin Harrison, February 25, 1781.
40
. Ibid., 21:341-42. Letter to Benjamin Harrison, March 21, 1781.
 
 
CHAPTER THIRTY-THREE: PLUNDERING SCOUNDRELS
1
. Wiencek,
Imperfect God,
241.
2
. Golway,
Washington’s General,
260.
3
. Middlekauff,
Glorious Cause
, 494.
4
.
WWF,
21:470-71. Letter to Nathanael Greene, April 18, 1781.
5
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:421.
6
. Ibid.
7
Ibid.
8
.
WWF,
21:332. Letter to the Reverend William Gordon, March 9, 1781.
9
. Ibid., 21:386. Letter to Lund Washington, March 28, 1781.
10
. Freeman,
George Washington,
5:282-83.
11
.
WWR,
420. Letter to Lund Washington, April 30, 1781.
12
. Ibid.
13
. Ibid., 421.
14
.
WWR,
422. “Journal of the Yorktown Campaign,” n.d.
15
.
WWF,
21:378. Letter to Major General John Armstrong, March 26, 1781.
16
. Unger,
Lafayette,
134.
17
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:429.
18
Ibid., 2:399.
19
. Ibid., 2:429-30.
20
.
WWR,
402. Letter to Benjamin Franklin, December 20, 1780.
21
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:402.
22
. Ibid.
23
Ibid., 2:399.
24
. Ibid.
25
. Ibid.
26
Ibid., 2:401.
27
. Ibid., 2:431.
28
.
WWR,
429. “Journal of Yorktown Campaign,” May 31, 1781.
29
DiariesA,
214.
30
.
WWF,
22:171. Letter to Count de Rochambeau, June 7, 1781.
31
Ibid., 22:208. Letter to Count de Rochambeau, June 13, 1781.
32
.
PWCF,
6:415. Letter to Noah Webster, July 31, 1788.
33
Ibid., 6:414.
34
Ibid., 6:415.
35
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:434-35.
36
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
14.
37
. Ibid., 146.
38
. Chinard,
George Washington as the French Knew Him,
65.
39
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:435.
40
.
WWR,
440. “Journal of Yorktown Campaign,” July 18, 1781.
41
.
WWF,
22:396. “Conference at Dobbs Ferry,” July 19, 1781.
42
.
WWR,
442. “Journal of the Yorktown Campaign,” July 20, 1781.
43
.
WWF,
22:401. Letter to the Count de Grasse, July 21, 1781.
44
. Ibid., 22:402.
 
 
CHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR: THE WORLD TURNED UPSIDE DOWN
1
.
WWF,
22:450. Letter to Robert Morris, August 2, 1781.
2
. Ibid., 22:457. Letter to the Count de Barras, August 3, 1781.
3
. Chinard,
George Washington as the French Knew Him,
69.
4
Ibid., 68.
5
.
WWR,
451. “Journal of Yorktown Campaign,” August 14, 1781.
6
. Morgan,
Genius of George Washington,
8.
7
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
159.
8
. Rosenfeld,
American Aurora,
415.
9
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
162.
10
. Gaines,
For Liberty and Glory,
157.
11
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:443.
12
. Stephenson,
Patriot Battles,
35.
13
. Chinard,
George Washington as the French Knew Him,
42.
14
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
16.
15
. Wiencek,
Imperfect God,
250.
16
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:446.
17
. MTV
.
“Early Descriptions Ante 1800.”
18
. Chinard,
George Washington as the French Knew Him,
67.
19
. MTV
.
“Early Descriptions Ante 1800.”
20
. Unger,
Unexpected George Washington,
135.
21
DiariesA,
232.
22
. Ibid.
23
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
186.
24
. Ibid.
25
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:449.
26
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
180.
27
. Ibid., 209.
28
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:449.
29
. Ibid.
30
. Stephenson,
Patriot Battles,
349.
31
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:451.
32
. Ibid.
33
Ibid., 2:452.
34
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
208.
35
. Unger,
Lafayette,
153.
36
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:454.
37
. Freeman,
George Washington,
5:356.
38
DiariesA,
243.
39
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
227.
40
. Callahan,
Henry Knox,
185.
41
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
235.
42
. Schutz and Adair,
Spur of Fame,
45.
43
. Wiencek,
Imperfect God,
245.
44
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:456.
45
. Stephenson
, Patriot Battles,
72.
46
.
WWR,
459.
47
. Callahan,
Henry Knox,
176.
48
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
194.
49
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:457.
50
. Hague,
William Pitt the Younger,
67.
51
. Callahan,
Henry Knox,
187.
52
. Stephenson,
Patriot Battles,
352.
53
. Martin,
Private Yankee Doodle,
241.
54
. Fields,
“Worthy Partner,”
187.
55
. Freeman,
George Washington,
5:377.
56
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:458.
57
.
WWR,
464. Letter to Charles Cornwallis, October 17, 1781.
58
. Ketchum,
Victory at Yorktown,
242.
59
. Wiencek,
Imperfect God,
247.
60
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:460.
61
DiariesA,
240.
62
.
WWR,
464. Letter to Thomas McKean, October 19, 1781.
63
. Ibid., 468. Letter to Thomas McKean, November 15, 1781.
64
. Callahan,
Henry Knox,
188.
65
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:469.
66
. Unger,
Lafayette,
162.
67
. Ibid., 164.
68
. Unger,
Unexpected George Washington,
138.
69
. Thompson,
“In the Hands of a Good Providence,”
116.
70
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:471.
71
.
PWRT,
4:489. “George Washington’s Last Will and Testament,” July 9, 1799.
72
. Brady,
George Washington’s Beautiful Nelly,
21.
73
. Flexner,
George Washington,
2:446.
74
. Ibid., 471.
75
Ibid.
76
Irving,
Life of George Washington,
558.
77
Henriques, “Saint or Shrew?”
78
Felder,
Fielding Lewis and Washington Family,
295.
79
Conkling,
Memoirs of Mother and Wife of Washington,
51.
 
 
CHAPTER THIRTY-FIVE: MAN OF MODERATION
1
Flexner,
George Washington,
2:474.
2
WWF,
24:495-96. Letter to Chevalier de Chastellux, August 10, 1782.

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