Why It's Still Kicking Off Everywhere (41 page)

4.Barry Wellman et al., ‘The Social Affordances of the Internet for Net worked Individualism',
Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication
8, April 2003.

5.Manuel Castells, ‘Communication, Power and Counter-power in the Network Society',
International Journal of Communication,
ijoc.org, 8 February 2007.

6.Edmund White,
Rimbaud: The Double Life of a Rebel,
New York 2008.

7.Zweig,
The World of Yesterday,
p. 20.

8.Robert Putnam,
Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American
Community,
New York 2000.

9.See facebook.com.

10.blog.twitter.com/2011/03/numbers

11.‘Civil Movements: The impact of Facebook and Twitter', Arab Social Media Report, Dubai School of Government, vol. 1, no. 2, May 2011.

12.Sherry Turkle,
Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet,
New York 1995, p. 14.

13.Margaret Wertheim,
The Pearly Gates of Cyberspace: A History of Space
from Dante to the Internet,
London 1999, p. 249.

14.Castells, ‘Communication, Power and Counter-power'.

15.Becky Hogge ‘Barefoot into Cyberspace: Adventures in search of techno-Utopia', London 2011.

16.Karl Marx,
Selected Writings in Sociology and Social Philosophy,
T. B. Bottomore and Maximilian Rubel (eds), London 1963, p. 241.

17.This question has been explored by Nick Dyer-Witherford in a series of papers, the most recent of which is ‘Twenty-First-Century Species- Being', presented at the Sixth Annual Marx and Philosophy Conference, 6 June 2009, Institute of Education, University of London.

18.Karl Marx,
Grundrisse,
Harmondsworth 1973, p. 704–11.

19.Paolo Virno, ‘General Intellect',
Lessico Postfordista,
Milan 2001, trans. generation-online, org/p/fpvirno10.htm.

20.Franco Berardi and Geert Lovinck, ‘A Call to the Army of Love and to the Army of Software', 13 October 2011, lists.thing.net/pipermail/idc/ 2011-October/004867.html.

21.Arif Jinha, ‘Article 50 Million: An Estimate of the Number of Scholarly Articles in Existence', stratongina.net, 2009.

22.Bo-Christer Björk et al., ‘Scientific Journal Publishing: Yearly Volume and Open Access Availability',
Information Research,
vol. 14, no.1 (2009), paper 391.

23.Robin Grant, ‘The NOTW's social media downfall', wearesocial.net, 11 July 2011.

24.Amelia Arsenault and Manuel Castells, ‘Switching Power: Rupert Murdoch and the Global Business of Media Politics: A Sociological Analysis',
International Sociology,
vol. 23, no. 4 (2008), p. 488.

25.Richard Dawkins,
The Selfish Gene,
Oxford 1989, p. 192.

26.Disgusting Solitary Gonad, untitled and undated text. See
Occupy Every
where.

Chapter 8

1.All references from John Steinbeck,
The Grapes of Wrath,
Harmonds- worth 2000.

2.Binyamin Appelbaum, ‘From spending to cuts',
New York Times,
1 August 2011.

Chapter 9

1.Gustave Flaubert,
Sentimental Education,
trans. Robert Baldick, London 2004, p. 38.

2.Thibault, ‘The Barricade in rue Saint-Maur-Popincourt after the attack by General Lamoricière's troops, Monday 26 June 1848', Musée d'Orsay, Paris.

3.Leo A. Loubere, ‘The Emergence of the Extreme Left in Lower Languedoc, 1848–51: Social and Economic Factors in Polities',
American
Historical Review,
vol. 73, no. 4 (April 1968), p. 1019-51.

4.Quoted in James Boyle, ‘The Minimum Wage and Syndicalism: An Independent Survey', Cincinnati 1913.

5.Dimi Reider, ‘J14 may challenge something even deeper than the occupation', 972mag.com, 7 August 2011.

6.Naftali Kaminski, ‘How Israel's democracy might be revitalized from the Arab Spring',
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette,
15 August 2011.

7.Philip Rucker, ‘Former militiaman unapologetic for calls to vandalize offices over health care',
Washington Post,
25 March 2010.

8.Glenn Beck, Fox News, 23 March 2010.

9.James McPherson, ‘Antebellum Southern Exceptionalism: A New Look at an Old Question',
Civil War History
29 (September 1983).

10.Erica Sagrans (ed.),
We Are Wisconsin,
Minneapolis 2011, p. 35.

11.Ben Brandzel, ‘The unbreakable culture of the occupied Capitol',
Huffington Post,
1 March 2011.

12.Ibid.

13.Glennbeck.com, ‘Anarchists, socialists and communists party in Wisconsin', 21 February 2011, glennbeck.com/2011/02/21 /anarchists- socialists-and-communists-party-in-wisconsin/.

14.All quotes from
The Coming Insurrection,
web version, tarnac9. wordpress.com.

15.Stephen King and Karen Ward, ‘The New Economic Permafrost: How Ben Bernanke's Analysis of Japan Has Returned to Haunt the West', HSBC research paper, 23 August 2011.

16.Alexis de Tocqueville,
Souvenirs,
Paris 1893, pp. 15–18. Translated in Mike Rapport,
1848: Year of Revolution,
London 2008.

Chapter 10

1.Ke Tang and Wei Xiong, ‘Index Investment and the Financialization of Commodities', Princeton, September 2009.

2.UN-Habitat,
The Challenge of Slums: Global Report on Human Settlements,
2003.

3.‘F A Hayek—Social Justice', youtube.com/watch?v=KlMC4ag9wOc (last accessed 20 October 2011).

4.George Orwell,
Looking Back on the Spanish War,
London 1943.

Chapter 12

1.Quoted in A. J. Nicholls,
Weimar and the Rise of Hitler,
New York 2000, p. 160.

2.Ian Kershaw,
Hitler: Hubris, 1889-1936,
New York 2004, p. 322.

3.Laurie Penny and Molly Crabapple,
Discordia,
London 2012 (ebook).

4.Quoted in Foster Hirsch,
Kurt Weill On Stage,
New York 2002, p. 105.

Chapter 13

1.‘Securing Stability and Growth', World Bank Report, June 2011, p. 5.

2.Gleb Bryanski, ‘No Occupy Wall Street protests for Russia: Putin', Reuters, 17 October 2011.

3.S. Tipaldou and F. Serra i Massansalvador, ‘Violent Protests in Undemocratic Settings: The Riot in Moscow's Manezh Square', ECPR Paper, cprnet.eu/conferences, August 2011.

4.premier.gov.ru.

5.youtube.com/watch?v=hLs8kv3ulhw&feature=youtu.be.

6.levada.ru/25-11-2011 /vybory-v-gosdumu.

7.navalny-en.livejournal.com, 5 December 2011.

8.Tom Balmforth, ‘Russian Health Inspector Warns Would-Be Protesters of Risk from Cold', Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 2 February 2012.

9.‘Brève histoire de l'oligarchie en Russie',
Dissonance,
alexandrelatsa.ru, 17 November 2010.

10.Interview,
Philosophic,
5 July 2012.

11.Daniel Tovrov, ‘Manifesto of Free Russia: How to Rid the Country of Putinism',
International Business Times,
12 June 2012.

12.blogs.waytorussia.net/herbariums/the-networks-and-russian-protest- movement.

13.Julia Ioffe, ‘The End of Putin',
Foreign Policy,
28 December 2011.

14.Sergey Chernov, ‘Female Fury',
St. Petersburg Times,
1 February 2012.

15.youtube.com/watch?v=ALS92big4TY.

Afterword

1.Manuel Castells et al.,
Aftermath: The Cultures of the Economic Crisis,
Oxford 2012, p. 211.

2.bbc.co.uk/blogs/newsnight/paulmason.

3.uwcforum.org/live/ (at 02.32.00).

4.Speech at ‘The Egyptian Revolution: Results and Prospects', 12 July 2012, Marxism festival.

5.Laurie Penny, ‘Notes from a Feminist Book Tour',
New Statesman,
31 October 2012.

6.August Bebel,
Woman and Socialism,
translated by M. L. Stern, New York 1910.

7.Imposemagazine.com, 25 October 2011.

8.Thomas Frank, ‘To the Precinct Station: How Theory Met Practice …and Drove It Absolutely Crazy',
Baffler
21, November 2012, thebaffler.com.

9.Manuel Castells, ‘Where are the Indignados Going?',
Irish Left Review,
27 January 2012.

10.Quoted in Robert Service,
Trotsky: A Biography,
p. 45.

11.Suby Raman, blog post, subyraman.com, 2 March 2012.

12.mideast.foreignpolicy.com, 24 February 2011.

13.K. Marx, ‘The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte' in
The Revolutions of 1848,
Harmondsworth 1973, p. 146.

14.newsfeed.time.com, 19 November 2011.

15.Geoffrey Wildanger, ‘Occupy UC Davis', in Occupy #3, undated.

16.http://libcom.org/library/intellectuals-power-a-conversation-between-michel-foucault-and-gilles-deleuze.

17.Castells,
Aftermath,
p. 211.

18.Andrew Haldane, ‘A Leaf Being Turned', Speech, Bank of England, 29 October 2012.

19.Virginia Woolf, ‘Mr Bennett and Mrs Brown', London 1924.

20.Manuel Castells,
Networks of Outrage and Hope,
Cambridge 2012.

21.Castells,
Networks,
p. 2.

22.Ibid., p. 234.

23.K. Marx, ‘A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right' (1844) http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1843/ critique-hpr/intro.htm.

24.See P. Mason,
Live Working or Die Fighting: How the Working Class Went Global,
London 2007.

Acknowledgements

When this crisis is over I will be able to publish a full list of the people who have helped me in the writing of this book. For now, as the situation darkens even in some democratic countries, I will just thank them anonymously as requested: the Greek and Spanish journalists who have gone massively more than the extra mile to help me get to where the action is; the numerous writers and artists around Occupy who welcomed me into their networks; numerous fellow MSM journalists who helped me out, including in Russia; two fixers in Cairo who were senior professionals displaced by the revolution, plus all the camera crews and producers I have worked with at these events. And of course my colleagues at the BBC who gave me the time and space to write this book. Andrew Kidd, my agent at Aitken Alexander, and successive Verso editors Tom Penn and Leo Hollis, together with Verso's redoubtable activist/publicist Sarah Shin can be named in person. Everybody on my Twitter and Tumblr feeds. And a big thanks to 500 or so activists and journalists who refrained from rioting at the launch party of the book, in London's Waterloo in January 2012, despite it being closed down by the authorities.

Paul Mason
November 2012

Index

Abdelrahman, Sarah, @sarrahsworld 11–12, 14, 135

Abdul, Rifat 22

academic research 146

activism: dynamic of 138; social networks impact on 138–41

affinity groups 136

age war 39

Agha-Soltan, Neda 35–36, 37

Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud 33–34

Al-Ahly, ultras 16–17

Alba, Celia 198

Ali, Ben 11

Alien
(film)110

Al-Jazeera 14

American Civil War 172, 182

analogies 65

anomic breakdown 103–4

anti-capitalist demonstrations 33, 109

anti-globalization movement 45, 48, 189

anti-road movement 56

Antista, Larry 160–61, 170

Antista, Michelle 160–61

anti-war demonstrations 33

April 6th Youth Movement 10, 83, 147–48

Aquino, Benigno 198

Arabists, failure of 25–27

Arabs: image of 25; youth radicalization 33

Arab Spring, economics of 119–22

Architecture for Humanity 199

Arizona 164–67, 183

Arpaio, Sheriff Joe 165, 167

@AsmaaMahfouz 11, 177

asset price inflation 106–8

Associated Press 39

Athens 94; austerity protest, 15 June 2011 90; December 2008 uprising 32–33, 73, 76; general strike 99; Hotel Grande Bretagne 87, 101; the
indignados
88, 100–1, 104; police tactics 95; protesters control 94–95; Syntagma Square 96; Syntagma Square protest, 14 June 2011 87–90; Syntagma Square protest, 29 June 2011 99–102; tax collectors protest 96–97; tear gas attacks 93–94, 100–1

Austria 172

automation, Marx on 143–44

autonomism 144

autonomy, personal 131, 139

Avatar
(film) 29

Bahrain 25, 139

Baldera, Oliver 197

Barings Asset Management 121–22

Beck, Glenn 116, 117, 157, 158, 163, 181, 184, 186–87, 190, 192

Ben Ali, Zine El Abidine 25–26

@benvickers_ (art activist) 1

Berardi, Franco 144

Berlin Wall, fall of 65

Berlusconi, Silvio 17

Bernanke, Ben 118, 120–21, 123

Bernstein, Jared 117

Besson, Eric 17

Binay, Jejomar 204

Black Bloc, the 1, 58–59, 60–61, 94, 151

Black Jacobins, The
(James) 149

Blair, Tony 17, 114, 178

Blanc, Louis 187

bloggers: American radical 184; Middle East arrests 76

Bouazizi, Mohamed 32, 71

bourgeois ideology 29

Brand, Stewart 140–41

Brandzel, Ben 184, 186

Brazil 120, 122

Brown, Gordon 109

Brussels 90

Busch, Ernst 152

Cabagauan, Agnes 206–7

Cairo: balance sheet 5;
baltagiya 6
–7,
17; Coptic Christians 6; Copt/ Muslim relations 7; Day of Rage, 28 May 15–17; freedom 5; garbage processing 6, 7–8; military coup 17; Moqattam slum 6–10; Naheya 12, 13; policing 7; poverty 9; Qasr al-Nil bridge 15–16; recycling 8–9; security 7; swine flu epidemic 9; Tahrir Square 6, 10–14, 69, 89, 139, 191, 211; waste collection privatization 8–9;
zabbaleen
6–10

California 168–70

Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall 51–52

capitalism 27, 30, 80, 188; Greek model 102; Marx on 142–43, 145

capitalist realism 28–32, 39

Carcellar, Father Norberto 205

Castells, Manuel 131, 138–39, 148–49