Winter King: Henry VII and the Dawn of Tudor England (66 page)

41
.
CSPS
, no. 322;
PPE Elizabeth
, pp. xc, 14, 103; Emery,
Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales
, III, pp. 329–33.

42
.
CSPS
, nos. 321, 323–5, 343.

43
.
CSPS
, no. 327.

44
.
CSPS
, nos. 325, 327, 333.

45
.
CSPS
, no. 315.

46
.
CSPS
, no. 334.

1
. Kisby, ‘The Royal Household Chapel’, pp. 151–202; TNA E 101/414/16, ff. 47, 50v; BL Add. MS 71009, f. 15v; Leland,
Collectanea
, IV, p. 234;
PPE Elizabeth
, p. 83.

2
. Anglo,
Spectacle
, pp. 309–10.

3
. TNA E 101/413/2/3, f. 33; BL MS Add. 59899, ff. 9v–10.

4
. BL MS Royal 12 B vi, quoted in Armstrong, ‘An Italian Astrologer’, pp. 175–6.

5
. Leland,
Collectanea
, IV, pp. 179–84;
AR
, I, pp. 304–5; Laynesmith,
The Last Medieval Queens
, pp. 111–15; Thurley,
Royal Palaces
, pp. 140–41.

6
. Duffy,
Stripping of the Altars
, pp. 15–22;
GC
, pp. 320–21.

7
. Leland,
Collectanea
, IV, p. 249.

8
.
AR
, IV, pp. 654–63; BL Add. MS 45131, ff. 43–7; BL Add. MS 45133, f. 141v; Jones and Underwood,
The King’s Mother
, p. 78.

9
.
GC
, p. 321; St John Hope and Robinson, ‘Funeral Effigies’, pp. 550–51; Duffy,
Stripping of the Altars
, p. 362.

10
.
The English Works of John Fisher
, pp. 292–3.

11
.
CSPS
, no. 205; Jones and Underwood,
The King’s Mother
, pp. 67–70, 73–4, 86, 148, 255.

12
.
CSPS
, no. 202.

13
.
Memorials
, p. 37.

14
.
PPE Elizabeth
, pp. 17, 111.

15
.
PPE Elizabeth
, p. 84.

16
.
PPE Elizabeth
, p. 100;
Lisle Letters
, I, pp. 13–21, 145–6; TNA LC 2/1, f. 63.

17
.
HKW
, II, pp. 936–7;
HKW
, IV, pp. 78–9.

18
. TNA E 101/414/8, f.27;
PPE Elizabeth
, pp. 88, 99; Starkey,
Henry
, pp. 67–8.

19
. Orme,
From Childhood to Chivalry
, p. 23.

20
. Gunn, ‘Prince Arthur’s Preparation for Kingship’, p. 7.

21
. Orme, ‘The Education of Edward V’; Gunn, ‘Henry VII in Context’, pp. 312–13; Emden,
Biographical Register
, III, 1555.

22
. Caxton,
Prologues
, no. xxxii, p. 109.

23
. Orme,
From Childhood to Chivalry
, pp. 68, 144–5.

24
. MacCulloch,
Reformation
, p. 79.

25
. Salter, ‘Skelton’s
Speculum Principis
’, pp. 25–37.

26
. Nelson,
John Skelton
, pp. 75–6; ‘The Latin Writings of John Skelton’, VIII.

27
. Skelton,
Complete English Poems
, p. 61.

28
.
Household of Edward IV
, p. 126; Chartier,
Curial
, pp. 1–2.

29
.
CWE
, 1, ep. 118.

30
. Jones and Underwood,
The King’s Mother
, pp. 142, 144, 245.

31
.
CWE
, 1, ep. 118; MacCulloch,
Reformation
, pp. 76–7.

32
.
CWE
, 1, ep. 118; Maddison, Pelling and Webster,
Linacre Studies
, pp. xvii, xix, 20;
CWM
,
12, p. 121.

33
.
Correspondence of Thomas More
, pp. 7, 9; Ackroyd,
Thomas More
, p. 81.

34
.
CWE
, 1, ep. 118.

35
.
CWE
, 1, ep. 104.

36
.
CWE
, 1, ep. 108.

37
.
CWE
, 1, eps. 106–11.

38
. N. Orme, ‘Holt, John (d. 1504)’,
ODNB
.

39
.
CWM
, 1, pp. xxi–xxiv.

40
.
CWM
, 1, pp. xxi–xxiv;
HKW
, III, pp. 210–11.

41
. For Henry’s illnesses see
CSPV
, nos. 520, 939–41;
CSPS
, no. 511;
The Reign of Henry VII
, III, pp. 187–9;
LP RIII/HVII
, I, p. 238.

42
. SJC D91.20, pp. 83–5.

43
. TNA E 101/415/7, nos. 129, 135, 139, 140, 251–2.

44
.
The Reign of Henry VII
, III, pp. 75–8.

45
.
CSPS
, no. 360.

46
. Kelly,
Matrimonial Trials
, p. 70 n. 23.

47
. Starkey,
Six Wives
, pp. 70–71, 88; Mattingly,
Catherine of Aragon
, pp. 52–3; BL Add. MS 59899, f. 18;
CSPS
, no. 364.

48
.
CSPS
, no. 364;
LPHVIII
, IV (iii), 5774/3.

49
. Machiavelli,
The Prince
, p. 61.

50
. Davies, ‘Bishop John Morton’, p. 22; Cunningham,
Henry VII
, pp. 226–7.

51
.
CSPV
, nos. 538, 542; Underwood, ‘The Pope, The Queen and the King’s Mother’, p. 67; Chambers,
Popes, Cardinals and War
, p. 76; Hall,
Chronicle
, p. 448; Burchard,
At the Court of the Borgia
, p. 150.

52
. Wilkie,
The Cardinal Protectors of England
, pp. 28–34; Mallett,
The Borgias
, pp. 233-42; Brady,
Anglo-Roman Papers
, pp. 14–15, cited in Underwood, ‘The Pope, The Queen and the King’s Mother’, pp. 75–6.

53
. Burchard,
At the Court of the Borgia
, pp. 219–26.

54
. Chambers,
Popes, Cardinals and War
, pp. 75–6.

55
. Chrimes,
Henry VII
, p. 286.

56
.
CSPS
, nos. 370, 372, 375, 380.

1
.
GC
, p. 325; BL Add. MS 21480, f. 101v.

2
. All references are to the transcript provided in Leadam, ‘An Unknown Conspiracy’, pp. 152–8; Gairdner, ‘A Supposed Conspiracy’, pp. 157–94.

3
. Cunningham,
Henry VII
, pp. 209–21.

4
. Leadam, ‘An Unknown Conspiracy’, pp. 152–8.

5
. Duffy,
Stripping of the Altars
, pp. 136–9.

6
. Leadam, ‘An Unknown Conspiracy’, pp. 152–8.

7
. BL, Add. MS 21480, f. 101v; Cunningham, ‘The Establishment of the Tudor Regime’, pp. 277–8, 300.

8
. Hammond,
Barnet and Tewkesbury
, pp. 43–5; Harvey,
Jack Cade’s Rebellion
, pp. 80–101; Cunningham, ‘The Establishment of the Tudor Regime’, pp. 230–97; Cunningham,
Henry VII
, pp. 174–80.

9
. I am grateful to Sean Cunningham for his perceptive thoughts on Henry’s attitude to the young Lord Bergavenny.

10
. Horrox, ‘Service’, pp. 66–8.

11
. Cunningham, ‘The Establishment of the Tudor Regime’, pp. 288, 290, 292–3.

12
. Ross, ‘Sedition and the King “Beyond the See” ’.

13
. R. W. Hoyle, ‘Percy, Henry Algernon, fifth earl of Northumberland (1478–1527)’,
ODNB
; C. S. L. Davies, ‘Stafford, Edward, third duke of Buckingham (1478–1521)’,
ODNB
.

14
. Hicks, ‘Dynastic Change and Northern Society’, pp. 78–80.

15
. James, ‘A Tudor Magnate’, pp. 71–5.

16
. Dudley,
Tree of Commonwealth
, p. 57.

17
. Rawcliffe,
The Staffords
, pp. 1, 36–7.

18
. Harris,
Edward Stafford
, p. 43.

19
. Hayward,
Rich Apparel
, pp. 171–2, 184.

20
. Rawcliffe,
The Staffords
, pp. 35–6, 93, 138; Horrox,
Richard III
, pp. 84–5, 134;
LP HVIII
, III, (i), p. cxxx.

21
. Hoyle, ‘The Earl, the Archbishop and the Council’, pp. 240–41; Condon, ‘Ruling Elites’, pp. 117–18.

22
. Leland,
Collectanea
, IV, pp. 271–2.

23
. TNA STAC 2/24/79, quoted in Hoyle, ‘The Earl, the Archbishop and the Council’, p. 242 n. 13; James, ‘A Tudor Magnate’, pp. 18–19.

24
. S. J. Gunn, ‘Thomas Savage, archbishop of York’,
ODNB
; Gunn, ‘Courtiers of Henry VII’, p. 43; Cameron, ‘The Giving of Livery’, pp. 21–22; Hoyle, ‘The Earl, the Archbishop and the Council’, pp. 242–5 n. 15; James, ‘A Tudor Magnate’, p. 49.

25
. Hoyle, ‘The Earl, the Archbishop and the Council’, pp. 246–52.

26
.
Select Cases in the Council of Henry VII
, pp. 41–4.

27
. Lander, ‘Bonds, Coercion and Fear’, p. 283; Hoyle, ‘The Earl, the Archbishop and the Council’, pp. 254–6.

28
. Grummitt, ‘Calais 1485–1547’, p. 148.

29
.
CCR
1500
–
1509, no. 226; Lander, ‘Bonds, Coercion and Fear’, p. 284.

30
. TNA SC 1/58/57-8, printed in
LP RIII/HVII
, I, pp. 231–40; Grummitt, ‘ “For the Surety of the Towne and the Marches” ’, pp. 198–200.

31
.
LP RIII/HVII
, I, pp. 231–2.

32
. Luckett, ‘Crown Patronage and Political Morality’, pp. 579–81.

33
. Horrox,
Richard III
, p. 171 n. 119; S. Cunningham, ‘Sir Richard Guildford’,
ODNB
; L. L. Ford, ‘Vaux, Nicholas, first Baron Vaux (
c
.1460–1523)’,
ODNB
.

34
. Fortescue,
On the laws and governance of England
, p. 5.

35
.
LP RIII/HVII
, I, pp. 231–40.

36
. Skelton,
Complete English Poems
, V, pp. 46–61.

37
. Machiavelli,
The Prince
, pp. 57–9; ‘The Petition of Edmund Dudley’, p. 86.

1
. Jones and Underwood,
The King’s Mother
, pp. 74, 84–5, 158–9, 291–2; Jones, ‘Collyweston – an Early Tudor Palace’, p. 129.

2
. Leland,
Collectanea
, IV, pp. 258–301; BL Harleian MS 78, f. 31; Jones,
Bosworth
1485, pp. 177–8, 245.

3
. WAM 16042; Gunn, ‘Court of Henry VII’, p. 137.

4
. WAM 16047.

5
. Condon, ‘From Caitiff and Villain to Pater Patriae’,
passim
; Gunn, ‘ “New Men” ’, pp. 159–61.

6
. S. Cunningham, ‘Henry VII’s Council Learned in the Law (active
c
.1499–1509)’,
ODNB
(I am grateful to the author for an early look at this article); Condon, ‘Ruling Elites’,
passim
; Somerville, ‘Henry VII’s Council Learned’,
passim
.

7
. For which, see TNA DL 5/2, 5/4,
passim
.

8
. TNA DL 5/4, f. 101v.

9
. Condon, ‘Ruling Elites’, pp. 132–4; Somerville, ‘Henry VII’s Council Learned’, pp. 430–31; Horowitz, ‘Policy and Prosecution’, pp. 420–23.

10
. TNA E 101/413/2/3, ff. 45, 84v, 99; McGlynn, ‘ “Of good name and fame in the countrey” ’, p. 549; Horowitz, ‘Policy and Prosecution’, p. 426.

11
. TNA E405/79, f. 3v; Horowitz, ‘Policy and Prosecution’, pp. 439–40; Hayward,
Dress at the Court of Henry VII
, pp. 143–4.

12
. Skelton,
Complete English Poems
, V, p. 58; Gunn, ‘Structures of Politics’, pp. 79–80.

13
. M. M. Condon, ‘Empson, Sir Richard (
c
.1450–1510)’,
ODNB
;
Plumpton Correspondence
, pp. 120–22.

14
.
Plumpton Letters
, pp. 145–6, 186–7.

15
. Grummitt, ‘Household, Politics and Political Morality’, p. 408;
Plumpton Correspondence
, pp. 177–8.

16
. TNA E 101/413/2/3, pp. 1–3.

17
. WAM 16073.

18
. TNA C 54/376, mm. 36–7. I am grateful to Sean Cunningham for bringing this reference to my attention.