Austerity Britain, 1945–51 (103 page)

25.
Star
, 22 Jun 1948; Mike Phillips and Trevor Phillips,
Windrush
(1998), pp 66, 70;
Clapham Observer
, 2/9 Jul 1948.

12 A Change in the Terms of Struggle

1.
BBC WA,
Woman’s Hour
, 22/29 Jun 1948.

2.
British Medical Journal
, 16 Nov 1946, 28 Dec 1946; Langford, 6 May 1948; Michael Coveney,
The World According to Mike Leigh
(1996), p 41;
Star
, 26 Jun 1948. .

3. Tom Wildy, ‘The Social and Economic Publicity and Propaganda of the Labour Governments of 1945–51’,
Contemporary Record
(Summer 1992), pp 45–71;
Falkirk
Herald
, 3 Jul 1948;
New Statesman
, 3 Jul 1948;
Punch
, 30 Jun 1948; Janice Winship, ‘Nation Before Family’, in
Formations of Nations and People
(1984), p 201;
Vogue
(Jul 1948), p 53.

4.
Tablet
, 4 Jul 1998 (Clifford Longley); Steven Fielding et al,
‘England Arise!’
(Manchester, 1995), p 172; Raynham, 27 Apr 1948; Hodgson, 4 Jul 1948;
Liverpool
Daily Post
, 1 Jul 1948.

5.
Phyllis Willmott,
Joys and Sorrows
(1995), pp 42, 64, 66; J.W.B. Douglas and J. M. Blomfield,
Children Under Five
(1958), pp 45–51, 57, 69, 99.

6.
Wildy, ‘Publicity and Propaganda’, pp 64–5;
The Times
, 5 Jul 1948; Preston, 5 Jul 1948.

7.
Daily Mirror
, 5 Jul 1948;
The Times
, 5 Jul 1948;
Manchester Guardian
, 5 Jul 1948; Heap, 5 Jul 1948; diary of Cyril Leach (at Harrow Local History Centre), 5 Jul 1948.

8.
Star
, 5 Jul 1948;
Lancashire Daily Post
, 5 Jul 1948;
The Times
, 23 Jun 1998; M-O A, D5353, 5 Jul 1948.

Smoke in the Valley

1 What Do You Say?

1.
Daily Mirror
, 30 Jul 1948;
The Times
, 30 Jul 1948;
Picture Post
, 14 Aug 1948;
Daily
Telegraph
, 3 Feb 1999 (Dearlove letter);
The Times
, 2 Aug 1948; Andrea Murphy,
From the Empire to the Rialto
(Birkenhead, 1995), pp 131–49; David Rayvern Allen,
Arlott
(1994), p 136. On Wooderson, see
Independent
, 29 Dec 2006, for obituary by Steven Downes, who quotes the Queen’s remark to an official at Wembley Stadium: ‘Of course, we couldn’t have had poor little Sydney.’

2.
M-O A, D 5353, 14 Aug 1948; BBC WA, R9/12/3, 14 Aug 1948;
Sporting Life
, 19 Aug 1948;
Spectator
, 26 Mar 2005 (Frank Keating); St John, 28 Aug 1948.

3.
The Times
, 8 Sept 1948; Gaitskell, p 84;
Scarborough Evening News
, 10 Jun 1948; Norman Wisdom,
My Turn
(2002), pp 140–41;
Independent
, 29 Oct 1998 (Paul Vallely).

2 Oh, For a Little Extra Butter!

1.
M-O A, Directives for Oct/Nov 1948, replies from A–B file (men), A–C file (women); Heap, 30 Jul 1948;
The New Yorker
, 18 Sept 1948; Ferguson, 22 Mar 1949.

2.
Ben Pimlott,
Harold Wilson
(1992), pp 124–9;
Picture Post
, 1 Jan 1949;
Daring to
Hope: The Diaries and Letters of Violet Bonham Carter,
1946
–
1969 (2000), p 65; Langford, 21 Nov 1948;
Picture Post
, 1 Jan 1949; Hodgson, 20 Mar 1949;
Coventry
Evening Telegraph
, 30 Mar 1949;
New Yorker
, 9 Apr 1949; Haines, 25 Apr 1949; Abrams, Box 63 (‘Ministry of Food Surveys, 1941–64’ file); Uttin, 3 Sept 1949. .

3. John Gross, ‘The Lynskey Tribunal’, in Michael Sissons and Philip French (eds),
Age of Austerity
(Oxford, 1986), pp 245–63;
New Yorker
, 12 Feb 1949;
Picture Post
, 12 Feb 1949; Langford, 28 Dec 1948;
Joyce & Ginnie: The Letters of Joyce Grenfell
and Virginia Graham
(1997), pp 157–8;
Daily Telegraph
, 18 Apr 1995,
Independent
, 19 Apr 1995 (English obituaries).

4.
Daily Express
, 26/28 Oct 1948;
The Times
, 27 Oct 1948, 8 Nov 1948; Channel 4,
Classic British Cars
, 13 Apr 1999.

5.
Hodgson, 12Dec 1948; Theo Aronson,
Princess Margaret
(1997), p 110;
Middlesbrough
Evening Gazette
, 20 Aug 1948;
Coventry Evening Standard
, 27 Apr 1949; James Lees-Milne,
Midway on the Waves
(Faber edn, 1987), pp 91, 196;
Picture Post
, 27 Nov 1948; Preston, 15 Nov 1948; Heap, 15 Nov 1948, 16 Dec 1948; Harold Nicolson,
The Later Years,
1945
–
1962
: Diaries and Letters, Volume III
(1968), p 157.

6.
Picturegoer
, 18 Dec 1948; Heap, 11 Dec 1948; Christine Geraghty,
British Cinema
in the Fifties
(2000), pp 136–8; Charles Barr,
Ealing Studios
(1977), p 77; Hodgson, 6 Feb 1949; Sue Harper and Vincent Porter,
Weeping in the Cinema in
1950 (Brighton, 1995); story confirmed by Joan Bakewell.

7.
Sunday Pictorial
, 20 Feb 1949; BBC WA, R9/74/1, Aug 1949; M-O A, FR 3106; David Oswell,
Television, Childhood and the Home
(Oxford, 2002), pp 87–92.

8.
Raynham, 17/20/23/30 Sept 1948; Ted Kavanagh,
Tommy Handley
(1949), pp 251– 2;
Daily Mail
, 10 Jan 1949; M-O A, D 5353, 9 Jan 1949; M-O A, Bulletins, New Series No 32, Feb 1950.

9.
Frank Muir and Denis Norden Archive (Special Collections, University of Sussex), Box 3,
Take It From Here
scripts, second series, ‘Winslow Boy’; Heap, 10 Jan 1949; Preston, 10 Jan 1949; Raynham, 9 Jan 1949; M-O A, D 5353, 9 Jan 1949; Hodgson, 16 Jan 1949; M-O A, Bulletins, New Series No 32, Feb 1950.

10
. Kavanagh,
Tommy Handley
, pp 9, 16; Hodgson, 16 Jan 1949; M-O A, Bulletins, New Series No 32, Feb 1950.

11
. BBC WA, R34/259; Graham McCann,
Frankie Howerd
(2004), pp 87–8.

12
. Isaiah Berlin,
Flourishing: Letters
1928
–
1946 (2004), p 304;
Vogue
(Jul 1948), p 44;
The Letters of Kingsley Amis
(2000), p 186; Kingsley Amis,
Memoirs
(1991), pp 102–4;
The Letters of Ruth Draper,
1920
–
1956 (1979), p 310; Lees-Milne,
Midway
, pp 71, 116, 207.

13
. Peter Hall,
Making an Exhibition of Myself
(1993), pp 54–5; F. R. Leavis,
The Great
Tradition
(Peregrine edn, 1962), p 10; John Gross,
The Rise and Fall of the Man
of Letters
(1969), pp 270, 281; T. S. Eliot,
Notes towards the Definition of Culture
(1948), pp 31, 48, 99, 101–2, 106–7, 108; Brian Simon,
Education and the Social
Order,
1940
–
1990 (1991), pp 126–9.

14. Ronald Reagan,
My Early Life
(1981), pp 208–10; Edmund Morris,
Dutch
(1999), pp 270–71; Rev. Oliver Leonard Willmott,
The Parish Notes of Loders, Dottery
and Askerswell, Volume
1 (Shrewsbury, 1996), Jan–Mar 1949.

15
.
The Complete Works of George Orwell, Volume
19 (1998), pp 435–44; Godfrey Hodgson, ‘The Steel Debates’, in Sissons and French (eds),
Age of Austerity
, p 297; Headlam, p 568.

16
. Michael Foot,
Aneurin Bevan, Volume
2 (1973), pp 259–61; John Campbell,
Nye
Bevan
(1997), pp 206–7.

17
. Kenneth O. Morgan,
Labour in Power,
1945
–
1951 (Oxford, 1984), pp 126–7; Laurie Dennett,
A Sense of Security
(Cambridge, 1998), pp 295–301; Ron Noon, ‘Goodbye, Mr Cube’,
History Today
(Oct 2001), pp 40–41;
Sunday Pictorial
, 23 Jan 1949;
Tribune
, 28 Jan 1949.

18
. Michael Young,
Small Man, Big World
(republished in
Social Science as Innovator
– Michael Young
[Cambridge, MA, 1983]), pp 196–7, 205–8;
Tribune
, 11 Mar 1949; Dartington Hall Trust Archive, LKE/G/35, 6 Jul 1948, 14 Dec 1948; Phyllis Willmott,
Joys and Sorrows
(1995), pp 102, 135–6; Keith Jefferys,
Anthony Crosland
(2000), pp 29–30; Michael Young,
The Chipped White Cups of Dover
(1960), p 16. For a helpful overview, setting Young and Crosland in context, see: Martin Francis, ‘Economics and Ethics’,
Twentieth Century British History
, 6/2 (1995), pp 220–43. 19.
New Statesman
, 11 Sept 1948.

3 Jolly Good as a Whole

1.
The Times
, 30 Mar 1999 (Alan Hamilton);
Picture Post
, 10 Sept 1949; David Cannadine,
The Decline and Fall of the British Aristocracy
(1990), pp 646, 639–40;
West London Chronicle
, 13 May 1949; Janet Street-Porter,
Baggage
(2004), pp 29–32; W.F.F. Kemsley and David Ginsburg,
Consumer Expenditure Series:
Expenditure on Laundries, Dyeing and Cleaning, Mending and Alterations and
Shoe Repairing Services
(The Social Survey, Aug 1949), p 18; Hoover,
The Official
Opening of the Factory of Hoover, Limited at Pentrebach, Merthyr Tydfil, Tuesday
October
12
th
1948 (Merthyr Tydfil, 1948), pp 44–5.

2. Channel 4,
Pennies from Bevan
, 14 Jun 1998; Philip M. Williams,
Hugh Gaitskell
(1979), p 211;
The New Yorker
, 8 Jan 1949;
Guardian
, 25 Jun 1998 (Susannah Frankel);
Journal of the John Hilton Bureau
(Special Collections, University of Sussex, Box 12), 14 Jan 1949;
The New Yorker
, 8 Jan 1949; John Campbell,
Nye
Bevan
(1997), pp 180, 181; Headlam, p 574.

3.
British Medical Journal
, 19 Feb 1949; Campbell, p 182; Jim Tomlinson, ‘Welfare and the Economy’,
Twentieth Century British History
, 6/2 (1995), pp 210–11; MO A, TC 13/4/C; M-O A, Bulletins, New Series No 48, Dec 1952/Jan 1953;
The
Kenneth Williams Diaries
(1993), p 41.

4.
For a valuable corrective, see: Nicholas Bullock, ‘Re-assessing the Post-War Housing Achievement: The Impact of War-damage Repairs on the New Housing Programme in London’,
Twentieth Century British History
, 16/3 (2005), pp 256–82.

5.
Malden & Coombe Old People’s Welfare Association,
The Reason for Old People’s
Week
(Malden, 1949); Cliff Richard,
Which One’s Cliff?
(Coronet edn, 1981), p 23; Peter Hall,
Cities of Tomorrow
(Oxford, 2002), p 240;
The New Yorker
, 24 Jul 1948;
Picture Post
, 22 Jan 1949.

6.
Coventry Evening Telegraph
, 27 Apr 1949;
Town and Country Planning
(Spring 1949), pp 38–9; Osborn, p 179;
Architects’ Journal
, 10 Mar 1949, 26 May 1949;
Lewisham Journal
, 18 Mar 1949. For a more detailed ‘housing versus architecture’ overview, see: Nicholas Bullock,
Building the Post-War World
(2002), pp 206–16.

7.
Hodgson, 1 May 1949; Roger Berthoud,
The Life of Henry Moore
(1987), pp 217– 18; Langford, 29/30 Apr 1949; M-O A, FR 3120.

8.
Daily Telegraph
, 27 Mar 1996 (Snagge obituary); Valerie A. Tedder,
Post War Blues
(Leicester, 1999), p 55;
Guardian
, 23 Dec 1997,
Independent
, 31 Dec 1997 (Woodcock obituaries);
Wisden Cricketers’ Almanack,
1950 (1950), p 241;
Spectator
, 19 Jun 2004 (Frank Keating).

9.
Langford, 24 Jun 1949. This reading of
Passport to Pimlico
owes much to Charles Barr,
Ealing Studios
(1977), pp 95–107, and Andy Medhurst, ‘Myths of Consensus and Fables of Escape’, in Jim Fyrth (ed),
Labour’s Promised Land?
(1995), pp 295– 6.