A Higher Form of Killing (55 page)

 
“London . . . surprise.”: Quoted W. Cross,
Zeppelins of World War 1
, p. 27.

“ready . . . overboard . . . ‘Let go! . . . ‘live.’ ”: Quoted Dudley,
Monsters
, pp. 46–47.

 
“one of . . . district.”: Quoted
The London Encyclopaedia
, p. 398.

“a terrible . . . wind . . . Fire . . . The Germans are here . . . the sound . . . air . . . a mass. . . flames”: All quotes I. Castle, op. cit., p. 20.

 
“the Eldorado . . . poor.”:
The London Encyclopaedia
, p. 955.

 
“huge . . . with it!”: S. Pankhurst,
The Home Front
, pp. 191–92.

 
“searchlights . . . around . . . storm . . . shrapnel . . . still . . . darkness”: Dudley,
Monsters
, p. 47.

 
“Much as . . . journeys.”: Quoted R. P. Hearne,
Zeppelins and Super-Zeppelins
, p. 63.

 
“Zeppelins . . . collated.”: Quoted H. G. Castle,
Fire over England
, p. 63.

“The press . . .published.”: Admiralty communiqué, Quoted Dudley,
Monsters
, p. 53.

 
“In amplification . . .throughout.”:
Times
, June 1, 1915.

 
“We last . . . Ludwigshafen:
Guardian
, June 2, 1915.

“the explosives . . . Germans”: Ibid.

 
“an angry . . . police.”: V. McArdell, IWM/(D)/15933.

 
“well-dressed . . . world”: Pankhurst,
The Home Front
, p. 193.

 
“the baby killers.”: Quoted H. G. Castle,
Fire over England
, p. 67.

 
“It was . . . villages . . . large . . . heavy . . . from suffocation . . . force . . . bore . . . Essen.”:
Times
, June 3, 1915.

 
“This last week . . . Ypres.”: Mrs. K. Moore, IWM/(D)/12869.

 
“What a terrible . . . murderers!”: J. C. Kennedy, IWM/(D)/15070.

“When offered . . . Berlin.”: P. M. Yearsley, IWM/(D)/12053.

 
“the heart . . . world.”: Quoted Poolman,
Zeppelins over England
, p. 11.

 
“England . . . envy them.”: Ibid., p. 42.

“the War Office . . . impossibility.”: R. F. Harrison IWM/(D)/982.

 
“all exploded . . . tank.”: Quoted Captain J. Roberts,
The German Air Raids on Great Britain
, 1914–18, p. 19.

 
Wilson was a gifted steeplechase jockey who would win the Grand National in 1925.

 
“we breathed . . . flier.”: Quoted Dudley,
Monsters
, p. 63.

 
“When I was . . . explosion.”: Ibid., p. 64.

“a hit . . . the ship . . . black.”: Ibid., p. 65.

 
Warneford’s full battle report can be found on
www.militarian.com
.

 
“to attack . . . possible according to choice.”: I. Castle, London 1915–17 p. 25.

 
“a drapery . . . houses.”: Quoted H. G. Castle,
Fire over England
, p. 75.

 
“There was . . . Warneford”: Quoted Gilbert,
The First World War,
p. 171.

 
“great number . . . furnaces”: Quoted Roberts,
The German Air Raids on Great Britain
, p. 42.

CHAPTER SIXTEEN—“ORDER, COUNTER-ORDER, DISORDER!”

         
All quotes in the section about the Mersey Inquiry sessions are from the transcripts of either the open or the closed hearings unless otherwise indicated below. The Mersey Report was published on July 17, 1915.

 
“to think or speak”: Letter from Captain Turner to Miss Bryant, June 10, 1915, Cunard archives.

 
When Lord Mersey . . . “glad to see you.”: All quotations in this paragraph come from file ADM 116/1416. The Admiralty reply to Lord Mersey making the offer of a meeting with Balfour is dated June 30, 1915.

Whether Lord Mersey . . . “committed the crime.”: All quotations in these two paragraphs are from Lord Mersey’s report.

 
The texts of the second German note and third American note are in FO/115 1998 and also given in
Foreign Relations of the U.S.
1915
Supplement,
part 2, pp. 480–82.

 
The kaiser’s furious notes are quoted in Link,
Woodrow Wilson—The Struggle for
Neutrality
,
p. 449.

 
“Order . . . disorder!”: Von Tirpitz,
My Memoirs,
vol. 2, p. 416.

 
Bachmann’s inquiry about the definition of a passenger ship is in his note of September 3 to the kaiser, RM 2/1992, German Military Archive, Freiburg.

 
Tirpitz’s complaint about instructions is in his telegram of September 2, 1915, RM 2/1992, German Military Archive, Freiburg.

 
“unlimited money . . .
My business only
”: Quoted in Clark,
Kaiser Wilhelm II
, p. 232.

The copy of the war diary of the
U-20
for the patrol of August 29 to September 15, 1915, in the German Military Archive, Freiburg, records the sinking of the
Hesperian.

 
Schwieger’s letter to Bauer, dated September 21, 1915, is in RM 97/384, German Military Archive, Freiburg.

CHAPTER SEVENTEEN—“A GIFT OF LOVE”

 
“maximum . . . enemy”: Quoted Roberts,
The German Air Raids on Great Britain
, p. 45.

 
“really effective . . . possible.”: Quoted D. H. Robinson,
The Zeppelin in Combat, 1912–18
, pp. 95–96.

 
“remain . . . city.”: Quoted Roberts,
The German Air Raids on Great Britain
, p. 46.

 
“Our great . . . of her.”: C. G. Lawson, IWM/(D)/7834.

 
“lightning . . . by fire.”: Quoted Roberts,
The German Air Raids on Great Britain
, pp. 48–49.

 
“between Blackfriars . . . bridges.”: Quoted H. G. Castle,
Fire over England
, p. 82.

 
“with a malicious intent to destroy”: Quoted C. Moorehead,
Dunant’s Dream
, p. 23.

 
“I have lived . . . war again.”: Miss K. Bannerman, IWM/(D)/10775.

 
“lit as in peacetime”: Quoted Robinson,
The Zeppelin in Combat
, p. 107.

 
“The explosive effect . . . crater”: Quoted H. G. Castle,
Fire over England
, p. 85.

 
“blown to pieces”: Quoted I. Castle,
London 1914–17— The Zeppelin Menace
, p. 36.

 
“suddenly . . . rest of us.”: E. Tregellis, IWM/(D)/16679.

“the Zeppelin . . . patients.”: M. Rattray, IWM/(D)/8196.

 
“a wonderful . . . sky.”: Name unknown, IWM/(D)/15933.

 
“Good God! It’s staggering”: Shepherd quoted I. Castle,
London 1914–17
, p. 37.

 
“All firing . . . short . . . Ideas . . . wild”: Ibid., p. 36.

Shepherd . . . centuries”: Quotes in this paragraph are from Poolman,
Zeppelins over England
, p. 65, and Dudley,
Monsters
, p. 83.

 
“A streak . . . sight.”: Alfred Grosch, quoted I. Castle,
London 1914–17
, p. 37.

 
“For a few . . . the sky.”: Quoted H. G. Castle,
Fire over England
, p. 85.

 
“Manoeuvring . . . damage.”: Quoted Poolman,
Zeppelins over England
, p. 62.

 
“much rather . . . killed.”:
New York World Magazine
, 1915.

 
“I don’t . . . again!”: C. G. Lawson, IWM/(D)/ 7834.

 
“lifted up . . . London”: L. MacKinlay, IMW(D)/15933.

 
“Murder by Zeppelin”: Quoted Poolman,
Zeppelins over England
, p. 66.