A More Perfect Heaven (35 page)

p.
18
“A manuscript … still.”
Gingerich,
The Book Nobody Read
, 36; Swerdlow, “Derivation,” 431.

p.
18
Evidence that Copernicus did
not
know of Aristarchus’s heliocentric theory was first published by Owen Gingerich:
“Did Copernicus Owe …?”

p.
20
“that most outstanding of astronomers.”
De rev
, II, 14 (Rosen, 83).

p.
20
“shuddered.”
De rev
, I, 4 (Wallis, 12).

p.
20
“All spheres … Sun.”
Swerdlow, “Derivation,” 436.

p.
20
“What appear to us … other planet.”
Rosen,
Treatises
, 58–59.

p.
21
“headlong whirl.”
Swerdlow, “Derivation,” 444.

p.
22
“Whatever motion … outermost heaven.”
Swerdlow, “Derivation,” 436.

p.
22
“utterly ridiculous … think of.”
Toomer, 44.

p.
22
“for the sake … larger book.”
Swerdlow, “Derivation,” 438.

p.
22
“Mercury runs … the planets.”
Rosen,
Treatises
, 90.

p.
23
“Compared to … imperceptible.”
Swerdlow, “Derivation,” 436.

p.
23
–24
“So vast … Almighty.”
De rev
, I, 10 (Rosen, 22).

p.
26
“Doctor Nicolaus … work-yard.”
Gingerich and MacLachlan, 79.

p.
27
“The ancients … Vistula.”
De rev
, V, 25 (quoted in Gingerich,
Eye
, 383; translation attributed to Ann Wegner).

CHAPTER 3

German historian Franz Hipler paid the first scholarly attention to these
“Leases”
in a Copernicus quadricentennial festschrift volume published at Braunsberg (near Frauenburg) in 1873. Ten years later, Leopold Prowe included excerpts from them in his two-volume biography of Copernicus (in German). Edward Rosen completed the English translation, quoted here, in 1985.

p.
29
“Stenzel … 1 horse.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 232.

p.
33
“Leasing … 1517.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 228.

p.
33
“He got … 2 horses.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 228.

p.
33
“Bartolt … Heironym, etc.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 231.

p.
34
“who is … in name.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 232.

p.
34
“4 horses … 1 scythe.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 233.

p.
34
“Gregor Knobel … grown up.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 228.

p.
34
“Hans Caluke … 4 May.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 235.

p.
34
“Jacob Wayner … overseer.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 234.

p.
35
–36
“Jacob took … annual payment.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 234.

p.
36
“Gregor … thievery.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 232.

p.
36
“Petrus … away.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 233.

p.
37
“Jacob … old.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 233.

p.
37
—38
“in the year … after sunrise.”
De rev
, III, 3 (Evans, 457, n. 22).

p.
38
“Jacob has … brother.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 234.

p.
39
“When the money … Heaven.”
“The 95 Theses and Their Results,”
http://www.luther.de/en/anschlag.html
.

p.
40
“Voytek … rental.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 234.

p.
40
“Lurenz … 4 parcels.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 234.

p.
40
“Stenzel … 33 marks.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 236.

CHAPTER 4

p.
41
“Coinage … magnitude.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 176–77.

p.
42
“the first … Scorpion.”
De rev
, V, 14 (Rosen, 261).

p.
42
“changes and … men.”
Grafton, 53.

p.
43
“Most Gracious … Lord.”
Biskup and Dobrzycki, 74.

p.
43
“For we … care.”
Biskup and Dobrzycki, 74.

p.
46
“The worst mistake … drove it out.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 180, 183.

p.
46
“Such grave evils … own hands.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 184.

p.
46
“before … country.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 184.

p.
47
“For … enough.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 185.

p.
49
“2 and … midnight.”
De rev
, IV, 5 (Wallis, 187).

p.
49
“In this area … error.”
De rev
, IV, 3 (Rosen, 177).

p.
49
“In expounding … the Earth.”
De rev
, IV, 1 (Rosen, 173).

CHAPTER 5

p.
52
“Faultfinding … poet.”
Rosen,
Treatises
, 93. Rosen first translated Copernicus’s
Letter Against Werner
in 1939, from copies then available, and revised his translation in 1985 after examining several more copies that had come to light.

p.
53
“I therefore see … what is mine.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 312. This letter, translated from the original Latin by Edward Rosen, commands attention primarily for having survived the centuries, with its signature—“Nic. Coppernic”—intact, in the University Library at Uppsala.

p.
53
“To the Reverend … Copernicus.”
Rosen,
Treatises
, 93.

p.
55
“Some time ago … Nuremberg.”
Rosen,
Treatises
, 93.

p.
55
“Had it been … pleasure”
and “I may … effort.” Rosen,
Treatises
, 93.

p.
55
“However … fawner.”
Rosen,
Treatises
, 93.

p.
55
–56
“Perhaps my … this subject.”
Rosen,
Treatises
, 93–94.

p.
56
“In the … time.”
Rosen,
Treatises
, 94.

p.
56
“We must … skill.”
Rosen,
Treatises
, 99–100 (slightly modified).

p.
58
“a second … the first,”
and “childish blunder,” Rosen,
Treatises
, 104.

p.
58
“What finally … further.”
Rosen,
Treatises
, 106.

p.
58
“While referring … from love.”
Kesten, 229.

p.
59
“Undeniably … the weeds.”
Kesten, 229.

p.
60
“What kind … to say.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 189.

p.
63
“I saw Venus … at Frauenburg.”
De rev
, V, 23 (Rosen, 276).

p.
64
“Some years ago … Farewell.”
De rev
, front matter (Rosen, xxi).

CHAPTER 6

p.
66
“From one … the baskets.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 281.

p.
67
“My noble lord … acceptable.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 320.

p.
70
–71
“Your Most Revered Lordship … your commands.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 323–24.

p.
71
“Therefore … bodies.”
Rosen,
Minor Works
, 326.