Alexander Hamilton (160 page)
Read Alexander Hamilton Online
Authors: Ron Chernow
Bank of New York and, 5, 199–202, 219, 276, 288, 586
benefactors of, 37–39
benevolence and generosity of, 206–7, 334–35, 337, 388, 580
birth year and age reduction of, 16–17, 48, 51
candor of, 176, 192, 238, 240, 271, 320, 348, 534–36, 619, 712
as capitalist prophet, 4, 6, 32, 61, 138, 158, 170, 183–84, 195, 199–202, 211, 219, 221, 234, 254, 294–95, 344–45, 466, 628
charm, grace, and elegance of, 5, 51, 93, 119, 133, 187–88
as clerk, 4, 5, 11, 27, 29–32, 48, 54, 85, 376
combativeness and headstrong nature of, 5, 60, 98, 102, 241, 273–75, 309, 406, 455, 492
in Continental Congress, 172–83
as contributor to Washington’s farewell address, 505–8, 531, 544
death of, 1, 4, 53, 205, 625, 703–27
debts of, 51, 204, 483, 484, 492, 643, 693–94, 695, 724
depression of, 53, 584, 595, 600, 655–56, 690, 696
education of, 5, 17, 24, 29, 35, 37–39, 41–43, 46–53, 63, 71–74, 90, 110–12, 146, 167–70, 206, 293, 659, 697
as educator, 5, 188, 206, 337–38
false death reports about, 99, 452
family background of, 8–17, 20–28, 38–39, 94, 149, 196, 203, 207–9, 218, 226–27, 393, 526–27, 542, 580, 615, 641
as father, 167, 173, 203, 205–6, 222, 336–37, 367, 470, 502, 544–45, 643–44, 650–55, 692–93
as Federalist, 5, 30, 90, 391–92, 508–9, 523, 524, 529, 598, 599, 606–10, 614–18, 621–28, 633–34, 658–59, 665
feminine qualities of, 46, 95, 329, 333, 334, 545, 666
feuds of,
see under
Adams, John; Burr, Aaron, Jr.; Clinton, George; Jefferson, Thomas; Madison, James; Monroe, James; Washington, George
field command search and, 149–50, 152–55, 158–59
in fight for Constitution, 235, 237, 239, 242, 246–68, 284, 287, 398
financial concerns of, 146, 483–84, 596
financial reforms proposed by, 137–38, 155–57, 170, 171
financial sacrifices of, 287, 563
as foreign policy theorist, 5, 18, 235, 260, 294–95, 392–94, 435–47, 458–63, 485–501, 546–47, 551–53, 566–68
French proficiency of, 17, 27, 30, 96, 109, 119, 135, 150, 463, 464, 465
French refugees and, 463–67, 502–3
French Revolution and, 431–47, 459, 463–67, 484, 487, 488, 507, 511–12, 521, 546–54, 592–95, 602, 630, 659
guilt of, 38, 209, 470, 703
outdoor recreation of, 333, 485, 502, 584–85, 641
in paintings and sculpture, 2, 91, 163, 187, 363, 466, 482–83, 527, 562–63, 656, 701, 721
as polemicist, 5, 60, 403, 618–22
political influences on, 43–46, 49, 127–28, 138, 153, 234
political mistakes of, 406, 619–26
popularity of, 269, 284, 309
presidential candidacy denied to, 508–9
as pro-British, 3, 233, 287, 294–96, 302, 319, 392–95, 397–98, 435, 440, 443, 460, 466, 490, 495, 521, 532, 620–21, 623, 674–75
reading habits and books of, 24, 25, 33, 35, 44, 52, 71–72, 110–12, 206, 642
religious beliefs and behavior of, 25, 34, 38, 52–53, 125, 127, 132, 205, 463, 507, 546, 652, 659–60, 685, 695, 706–8
reputation impugned, 293, 294, 302, 360, 362, 385, 425–26, 460, 488–89, 674–75;
see also
Reynolds, Maria, AH’s affair with
romantic side of, 5, 44, 93–94, 128–33, 142
secession threat and, 672, 678–79, 683, 697
self-assurance of, 43, 91, 94, 238
in sex scandal (Reynolds affair), 2, 112, 237, 362, 364–70, 409–18, 422, 424, 502, 509, 529–46, 554, 558, 572, 576–77, 600, 622, 624, 645, 712, 724, 727
social advancement of, 43–46, 72, 85–86, 87, 91–92, 97, 129–30, 134–37, 146, 149, 207, 312, 345
Society of the Cincinnati and, 216–18, 283–84, 304, 601, 692, 709, 711, 723
theatergoing of, 204, 292, 585
as treasury secretary,
see
Treasury Department, U.S.
vanity of, 124, 240, 334, 365, 522, 599, 624, 625
West Indian background of, 2–5, 7–12, 16, 39, 97, 139, 207, 208, 210, 309, 340, 362, 436, 511, 522, 526, 641, 658, 683, 697
Whiskey Rebellion and, 342, 468–78, 507, 542, 558, 578
will of, 491–92, 695
wit of, 5, 92, 119, 133, 169, 363, 464
womanizing of, 203, 282, 316, 362–70, 373, 406, 462, 522, 536, 543, 661, 722
work capacity of, 15, 30, 35, 52, 71–72, 250, 291, 295, 332–33, 426, 473
Yorktown siege and, 160–65
Hamilton, Alexander, writings of, 5, 52, 53, 397, 427
anti-Clinton, 274
anti-”Farmer,” 58–62, 71
“Continentalist,” 157–58, 170, 171, 257
early pieces, 34, 36–37
French Revolution in, 459, 546
Jay Treaty in, 485, 493–97, 499
Jefferson in, 646, 648–49, 650, 658
“Monitor,” 70–72
Jefferson’s correspondence with, 319
marriage of, 129–30, 132, 134–37, 139, 145–50, 166, 220
in Morristown, 128–32, 724
Philip’s death and, 653–54, 667, 723
portrait of, 131, 206–7, 729
pregnancies and childbirths of, 159–60, 163, 165, 203, 222, 261, 335, 410, 412, 413, 418, 470, 472, 474, 478–79, 542, 543, 582, 653, 654
religious beliefs of, 1, 132, 205, 659–60, 730
Reynolds affair and, 364–68, 410, 417, 530, 534, 537, 542–44, 554, 583, 727
slavery and, 210, 211, 215, 730
on Washington, 151, 277–78
as widow, 1–3, 165, 723–31
widows and orphans helped by, 203–4, 363, 464, 502–3, 544, 582–83, 728–29
will of, 655
Hamilton, James, Jr. (brother), 16, 20–28, 207, 218
AH’s correspondence with, 208–9
AH’s relationship with, 28, 147, 208–9
death of, 208
Hamilton, James, Sr. (father), 10, 12–16, 40, 203, 615, 662
AH’s correspondence with, 36, 147–48, 492
AH’s lapsed relationship with, 28, 147–48, 208, 209, 492
AH’s loan to, 492
as black sheep, 13–16, 526
death of, 580
family background of, 12–16, 40, 149, 218, 393, 526–27, 655
family deserted by, 21–22, 24, 26, 28, 580
immigration of, 14
Hamilton, James Alexander (son), 203, 457, 726
birth and childhood of, 203, 205, 261, 363, 367, 526
education of, 205, 206, 692–93, 726
on father, 186, 189, 205–6
father’s death and, 708, 711, 713
on mother, 205, 206–7, 582
Hamilton, John, laird of Grange (uncle), 13–15, 21
Hamilton, John Church (son), 2–3, 16, 63, 123, 454, 726, 727
birth and childhood of, 413, 470, 472, 526, 567
on Burr, 697–98
education of, 205, 206
on father, 29, 81, 95, 475, 490, 660, 679, 693, 695, 699
father’s death and, 708, 711, 713
health problems of, 470, 472
Hamilton, Philip (eldest son), 526
birth and childhood of, 165, 167, 173, 205, 282, 336, 363
duel and death of, 650–55, 658, 660, 667, 685, 689, 701, 723, 726
Hemings, Eston, 512
Hemings, James, 318
Hemings, Madison, 316, 512
Hemings, Sally, Jefferson’s relationship with, 213, 314–15, 316, 407, 512, 513, 531, 663–64 Hemings, Tom, 663
Henry, Patrick, 174, 244, 267, 350, 394, 510, 574 Hessian mercenaries, 76, 79–82, 84, 109, 163 Heth, William, 577
Hickey, Thomas, 75–76
Higginson, Stephen, 515–16, 617, 726
History of the United States for 1796, The
(Callender), 529, 537–38
Hobbes, Thomas, 52, 110, 296
Hoffman, Josiah Ogden, 490, 576
Holland, 347, 433, 519–20
industrial secrets of, 14
U.S. loan from, 175, 518
Holland Company, 589, 633
Holliday, Robert, 22
Holly, Eliza Hamilton (daughter), 3, 206, 655, 726, 727 birth and childhood of, 641, 700
father’s death and, 708, 711
Holly, Sidney Augustus, 730
Holt, John, 54, 70, 118
Holy Ground, the, 49–50
Hopkinson, Francis, 311
Hosack, David, 52, 544–45, 642–43, 653
Hamilton-Burr duel and, 696, 700, 701, 703–6, 708, 715
Houdon, Jean Antoine, 311
House of Representatives, Pennsylvania, 342
House of Representatives, U.S., 408, 417, 539, 550, 565
AH’s reports to, 288, 295–306, 480
AH’s views on, 232–33, 238, 257, 264–65 assumption plan and, 321–31
bank bill and, 349–51
Beckley as clerk in, 408, 417, 422, 531, 532, 622 in Connecticut Compromise, 236
Constitutional Convention and, 232–33, 236, 238, 239
electoral ties settled by, 272, 515, 631, 636–38 Giles’s resolutions in, 425–28, 455
Jay Treaty and, 497, 498, 499
manufacturing and, 374, 375, 378
in New York City, 280–81, 295–307, 319–31 in Philadelphia, 342–43, 349–51
Republican control of, 626, 657
residency requirement for, 238
titles considered by, 278
Treasury Department investigations by, 425–28, 455, 456–57, 468, 480
Howe, Lord Richard, 76
Howe, Sir William, 76, 83–84, 97, 98, 100, 112, 134
Hudson River, 78, 82, 98, 101, 247, 263, 337, 389, 451, 641, 642
immigration, immigrants, 393, 406, 482 AH as archetype of, 4, 39–40, 208, 482, 580 AH’s views on, 476, 572, 599–600, 658 Alien and Sedition Acts and, 570, 572, 599–600 Constitutional Convention debate over, 238 of French refugees, 463–67, 502–3
German, 578–79, 607
Jefferson’s views on, 658
impeachment, 234, 257–58
of Chase, 718–19
implied powers, doctrine of, 353–55, 671
industrial espionage, 14, 370–74
infant and child mortality, 16, 45–46
inflation, 108, 124, 137, 170, 348
Ingram, Archibald, 14, 21
interest rates, 297, 299, 301, 381, 404
Irving, Peter, 662
Italy, 347, 549
Jackson, Andrew, 726
Jackson, James, 303, 306
Jackson, William, 180, 292, 615
Jacobins:
American, 432, 439, 470, 487, 488, 490, 515, 533, 569, 616, 633
French, 432, 439, 446–47, 594, 602
Jay, John, 44, 56, 61, 70, 72, 105, 110, 120, 202, 204, 217, 263, 295, 305, 508, 560, 644, 666, 674
AH offered New York Senate post by, 554
AH’s correspondence with, 68, 69, 90, 424
background of, 247
at Continental Congress, 57
election of 1796 and, 509, 516
as envoy to England, 461–62, 463, 485–86, 495, 498
as Federalist, 421
Federalist
and, 247, 248, 251, 253, 254, 257, 261, 270, 310
on Gouverneur Morris, 240
as governor of New York, 486, 609–10
Manhattan Company and, 587
real estate investments of, 186
slavery and, 216
as Supreme Court justice, 288, 446, 461, 486 Jay, Peter, 585
Jay, Sarah, 204
Jay Treaty (1795), 485–503, 506, 507, 539, 546, 547, 626, 639
AH’s defense of, 493–96, 499
protests against, 487, 489–92, 495, 498–99
signing of, 496
Jefferson, Thomas (
cont.
)
Madison’s correspondence with,
see
Madison, James, Jefferson’s correspondence with Madison’s relationship with, 88, 173, 319–22, 401, 511, 515, 525
military rejected by, 552
Monroe’s correspondence with, 316, 357, 436, 438, 637
Monroe’s defense of, 408, 424
Monroe’s relationship with, 538
as president, 532, 565, 644–51, 657–60, 665–72, 677, 714, 718–19, 725, 727
presidential ambition of, 453–54, 494, 515, 519, 634–35
as Republican, 391–92, 426–28, 453–54, 510–15, 525 resignation of, 453–55, 458, 512, 519
resignation offers of, 399, 408, 446
Reynolds affair and, 414, 425, 529, 531, 532, 535 as secretary of state, 289, 290, 294, 310, 311, 314, 316, 318–31, 338, 339, 341, 342, 351–52, 356, 379–83, 392–408, 413, 424–29, 431–36, 438–47, 454, 458
in selection of capital site, 325–28
Shays’s Rebellion and, 225
silence and secrecy of, 311, 320, 390, 395, 672 slavery and, 175, 210–13, 307, 312–16, 407, 512–14, 581, 628, 663–64
as strict constructionist, 352, 379
as vice president, 514, 515, 523, 547, 549–50, 572–73, 577–78, 593, 601, 612
on Washington, 88, 246, 408, 424, 434, 478, 497, 498 Washington’s disillusionment with, 499–500 Whiskey Rebellion and, 478
womanizing of, 315–16, 532, 664
XYZ Affair and, 550–51
Jews, 10, 17, 18, 20, 26
Johnson, Peter, 207
Johnson, Samuel, 122
Johnson, Seth, 361, 490
Johnson, Sir William, 207
Johnson, William Samuel, 233, 239
Jones, David S., 652
Jones, James, 590
Jones, Meriwether, 664
Jones, Samuel, 226, 227
judicial review, 198–99, 259
judiciary, 6, 183, 647–49
Federalist
and, 248, 257–60
in Virginia Plan, 230
see also
Supreme Court, U.S.
Judiciary Act, 280, 647–49, 661
Jumel, Eliza (Betsey Bowen), 722, 726
Jumel, Stephen, 722
Jefferson, Jane Randolph, 311
Jefferson, Martha Wayles Skelton, 312, 315 Jefferson, Peter, 311
Jefferson, Polly, 314
Jefferson, Thomas, 133, 192, 217, 236, 310–24, 344,
458–60, 623–28, 631–40, 645–49, 683 Adams’s relationship with, 515, 518, 519, 547 agrarian vision of, 3, 6, 370, 371, 375
AH compared with, 4, 6, 17, 59, 60, 110, 183, 205,
210, 287, 310–20, 390–93, 431, 627, 640 AH’s correspondence with, 356, 453
AH’s death and, 714
AH’s feud with, 2, 3, 5, 6, 25, 241–42, 253, 255,
310, 313, 315, 316, 319, 321, 323–24, 341, 351,
361, 389–408, 412, 417, 419, 422, 424–29, 436,
437, 439–40, 445–47, 449–50, 453–55, 460, 496,
506, 510, 512–15, 552, 611, 632, 663, 664, 713,
727
alleged atheism of, 609, 633, 659
“Anas” scrapbook of, 397–98, 399, 423, 429, 434, 445 anti-Adams campaign of, 547, 549–50
appearance of, 311, 639, 645–46, 657
background of, 311–12, 517
“bancomania” and, 380–81
Bank of the United States and, 351–52, 354,
357–59, 361
botanizing tour of, 389–90, 396
Burr’s relationship with, 610, 632, 644, 660, 672,
677, 718
Callender exposé and, 529, 531, 532, 535 debt assumption–capital site deal and, 326–31 debt of, 313–14
Declaration of Independence and, 211, 212,
312–13, 319, 518, 651
deism and, 205, 659
in election of 1796, 510–15, 609
in election of 1800, 606, 607, 609, 610, 612, 615,
624–28, 631–35, 646
in election of 1804, 672, 678, 719
and electoral tie of 1801, 635–38, 644, 677–78 Federalist deal with, 638, 639
Federalist Papers
and, 249, 315, 319
flight of, 313, 450
in France, 222, 225, 261, 310, 314–18, 356, 515,
518, 519
French Revolution and, 431–36, 438–47, 463, 547,
549–52
as governor of Virginia, 313, 450, 532
health problems of, 496
Hemings’s relationship with, 213, 314–15, 316,
407, 512, 513, 531, 663–64
as image maker, 639, 646, 657
inauguration of, 638–39
Jay Treaty and, 485, 490, 494, 496, 497, 639 Kentucky Resolutions and, 573–74
on Lafayette, 96, 316
Louisiana Purchase and, 671–72
Kent, duke of (son of George III), 462 Kent, James, 187–88, 334, 390, 493, 501, 655 on AH’s oratory, 171, 190, 198, 264, 670 on Burr, 677, 680, 681, 721
Croswell case and, 669, 670
on
Federalist,
246, 261, 390
Grange visited by, 666
Kentucky Resolutions, 573–74, 576, 577
Kerelaw Castle, 13
King, Mary Alsop, 285
King, Rufus, 304, 324, 329, 334, 430, 446, 453, 460,
567, 665, 666, 678, 724
AH’s correspondence with, 427, 473, 476, 480–81,
486, 498, 501, 515, 547, 574
at Constitutional Convention, 232, 239, 285 elections and, 285–86, 420–21, 515, 673, 719 Hamilton-Burr duel and, 689–90, 691, 715 Jay Treaty and, 486, 489, 490, 493, 497, 498 “scrippomania” and, 359
State Department appointment turned down by,
504
Troup’s correspondence with, 554, 555, 561, 584,
606, 637, 644
King’s College, 30, 44, 47–54, 56, 61, 67–72, 240, 293,
659
British occupation of, 81
legal studies at, 52, 71–72, 167, 168
militia at, 63, 67, 71
mob action at, 63–64, 68, 69
see also
Columbia College
Kirkland, Rev. Samuel, 337–38
Kline, Mary-Jo, 588, 677
Knox, Henry, 85, 100, 115, 144, 164, 184, 478 army organization and, 557–60, 562
Reynolds affair and, 535, 536–37
as secretary of war, 289, 291, 329, 339, 358, 393,
440, 441, 445, 446, 471, 558, 596–97
Society of the Cincinnati and, 216
Knox, Hugh, 34–38, 41, 42, 43, 63, 68, 74, 207–8,
209
Kortright, Cornelius, 31, 38
Kortright and Company, 41
Kortright and Cruger, 31–32, 41
Lansing, Robert, Jr., 266–67
Constitutional Convention and, 227, 228, 230–32, 236, 241, 266–67
La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, duc de, 119–20, 188, 464 Latin America, revolution in, 566–68
Latrobe, Benjamin, 363, 661
Laurance, John, 188, 198, 325, 502
Laurens, Henry, 94, 95, 106, 120–25, 172, 213 Laurens, John, 94–97, 106, 115
as abolitionist, 94, 121–23, 210
AH’s correspondence with, 95, 97, 121, 123–28, 130, 132, 139–40, 143, 144, 151, 172
AH’s intimate friendship with, 94, 95, 97, 123, 132, 172–73
background of, 94–95
capture of, 138
Charles Lee’s duel with, 116–17, 124
death of, 172–73
as envoy to France, 150, 161
promotion of, 120–21
in Yorktown siege, 161, 163
Laurens, Martha Manning, 95
Lavien, Johann Michael, 10–12, 615
possible Jewish roots of, 10, 26
revenge of, 11, 20–21, 25, 28, 39
Lavien, Peter, 11, 12, 20–21, 25–26, 207
Lavien, Rachel Faucette,
see
Hamilton, Rachel Faucette Lavien
Lear, Tobias, 413, 601
Lee, Charles, 113–17, 124, 423
Lee, Henry (Light-Horse Harry), 301, 326, 333, 352, 427, 601
in American Revolution, 98, 99, 112
Whiskey Rebellion and, 473, 475–77
Lee, Richard Henry, 104
Lee, Robert E., 98
Leeward Islands, 9, 14
see also
Nevis; St. Kitts
legislative branch, 6, 183, 230, 351, 352, 498
see also
Congress, U.S.; House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S.
L’Enfant, Pierre Charles, 276, 386, 387
Lenox, David, 470
Létombe, Joseph, 547, 550
Letter from Alexander Hamilton...
(Hamilton), 619–26, 636, 638
“Letter from Phocion” (Hamilton):
first, 196–97, 245
second, 197, 245
Lewis, Mary,
see
Reynolds, Maria
Lewis, Morgan, 188, 198, 335, 668, 670, 674, 676, 680, 717
Lewis, Susannah,
see
Livingston, Susannah Lewis Lexington, Battle of (1775), 61, 62, 63, 68, 94 libel, 124–25, 445, 550, 668–71, 684
Alien and Sedition Acts and, 570–72, 575–77, 599, 668, 669
Burr and, 673, 675–76
election of 1804 and, 674, 675–76
Lincoln, Abraham, 508
Lincoln, Benjamin, 556, 562
Lippmann, Walter, 299
Little Sarah (La Petite démocrate),
440, 441 Livingston, Brockholst, 44, 48, 188, 190, 198, 216, 493, 590, 603–6, 607
Livingston, Catharine (Kitty), 44, 93–94, 129 Livingston, Edward, 321, 490–91
Livingston, Gilbert J., 366
Livingston, Margaret, 226
Livingston, Maturin, 491, 492
Livingston, Peter R., 489, 490, 588
Livingston, Robert R., 56, 90, 97, 105, 133, 200, 216, 226, 263, 277, 286, 303, 321, 389–90, 490, 610, 663 AH’s correspondence with, 183–84
treasury secretary position and, 287–88
Livingston, Sarah, 44
Livingston, Susanna, 363
Livingston, Susannah Lewis, 366
Livingston, William, 43–47, 61, 70, 72, 93, 114, 216, 325
Livingston family, 285–86
Locke, John, 398
Lodge, Henry Cabot, 28, 110, 355, 436, 481, 609, 622 London:
Church family in, 203–5, 281–82, 301, 464, 465, 485 Jefferson’s reception in, 392, 395
Long Island, 79, 160, 189, 502
Lossing, Benson J., 730
Loudon, Samuel, 249–50
Louis XIV, king of France, 8, 170
Louis XVI, king of France, 96, 119, 165, 335, 432–33, 436, 437, 442, 445, 464
Louis XVIII, king of France, 598
Louisiana, 437, 566, 568, 720
Louisiana Purchase, 671–72, 678
Lyon, Matthew, 569, 575
Lytton, Ann,
see
Mitchell, Ann Lytton Venton Lytton, Ann Faucette, 8–10, 22, 39
Lytton, James, Jr., 22
Lytton, James, Sr., 9, 10, 22, 25, 26, 39, 641
Lytton, Peter, 24–27, 39
McHenry, James (
cont.
)
firing of, 611–16, 619–20
as secretary of war, 504, 523, 524, 547, 553, 557, 558, 559, 563, 565, 566, 593, 595, 596, 611–14, 623
Machiavelli, Niccolò, 24, 550
McKitrick, Eric, 390, 391, 395, 487
Maclay, William, 279, 302–5, 308, 309, 311, 402 AH criticized by, 302–4, 324, 329–30, 342–43 on selection of capital site, 325, 327, 329–30 McLean, Archibald, 248
McNobeny, Thomas, 27
Macomb, Alexander, 379–80, 382, 384
Madison, Dolley Payne Todd, 453, 730
Madison, James, 174–78, 192, 222–25, 277, 280, 287, 338, 344, 432, 458–60, 462, 481, 538, 640, 663 AH’s collaboration with, 4, 173–76, 223, 247–52, 254–57, 261, 321, 326–31, 408
AH’s correspondence with, 262, 263, 264, 266, 267, 272, 294, 296
AH’s death and, 714
AH’s feud with, 5, 6, 174, 251, 296–97, 304–6, 319, 321–23, 346, 351, 383, 389–92, 395–97, 399–402, 404, 408, 412, 417, 422, 424–27, 442–43, 727 Annapolis conference and, 222–24
appearance of, 174, 251, 321
background of, 174–75, 517
Bank of the United States and, 349–52, 354, 357, 358, 359
Bill of Rights and, 280, 304, 307
botanizing tour of, 389–90, 396
Constitutional Convention and, 4, 223–24, 227–29, 232–34, 238, 239, 241, 304, 321, 351, 354, 573–74
in Continental Congress, 174–78, 181, 182 education of, 48, 175, 396
election of 1796 and, 509, 510, 511
excise tax supported by, 342
farewell speech drafted by, 505, 506
Federalist Papers
and, 4, 223, 247–52, 254–57, 261, 270, 304, 310, 321, 350, 390, 408, 442, 497, 666 French Revolution and, 433, 436–37, 442–44, 446, 463, 547, 550–51
in House of Representatives, 280, 294, 304–7, 319–24, 326–31, 349–51, 458–59, 498, 499, 539 Jay Treaty and, 485, 486, 490, 496–99
Jefferson’s correspondence with, 137, 222, 223, 225, 249, 287–88, 310, 314, 316, 319, 352, 357, 359, 408, 438, 441, 443–44, 446, 449–50, 458, 460, 483, 490, 496, 504–5, 519, 550–51, 622, 671 Jefferson’s relationship with, 88, 173, 319–22, 401, 511, 515, 525
marriage of, 453
“Pacificus” essays and, 442–43
as president, 647, 672, 725, 727
Report on Public Credit
and, 296–97, 304–6 as Republican, 391–92, 478, 498, 499, 504–5, 525 Minutemen, 62
Mirabeau, comte de, 465
Miranda, Francisco de, 566–68
Mitchell, Andrew, 372
Mitchell, Ann Lytton Venton, 38–39, 209, 261, 697, 725
Mitchell, Broadus, 499, 631
Mitchell, George, 209
Moir, Alexander, 21
Molière, 38
money banks, 200, 201
money supply, expansion of, 347, 348
“Monitor, The” (Hamilton), 70–72
Monmouth, Battle of (1778), 113–18, 161
Monroe, James, 460, 537–42, 573, 608, 659, 714 AH’s correspondence with, 538, 540–41 AH’s feud with, 5, 408, 424, 537–41, 727–28 in American Revolution, 45, 538
background of, 538–39
Eliza Schuyler Hamilton’s visit from, 727–28 French Revolution and, 529, 539
Jefferson’s correspondence with, 316, 357, 436, 438, 637
Jefferson’s relationship with, 538
as minister to France, 461, 463, 529, 539, 540 Reynolds affair and, 414–17, 424, 425, 427, 529–33, 537–41, 727
slavery and, 581, 628
Montaigne, Michel de, 110
Montesquieu, baron de La Brède et de, 254, 296 Monticello, 212, 312–15, 408, 428, 453, 498, 512, 513, 515, 572, 663, 664
Moore, Rev. Benjamin, 56, 542, 706–7, 708, 713 Morgan, Daniel, 556
Morris, Gouverneur, 48, 50, 56, 90, 98, 177, 224, 261, 295, 304, 334, 619, 661, 666
AH’s correspondence with, 630, 633, 636, 657–58
AH’s death and, 706, 708, 709, 711–13, 724, 725 at Constitutional Convention, 233, 239–41
Federalist
and, 247, 248
French Revolution and, 433, 437
as minister to France, 433, 461
Morris, Robert, 105, 155–57, 170–71, 180, 194, 200, 212, 286, 327, 440, 452
Morristown, N.J., 85–86, 91–94, 104, 127–33, 135, 136, 137, 724
Morton, Cornelia Schuyler, 129
Morton, Washington, 129
Mount Vernon, 87, 212, 228, 248, 271, 279, 291, 326, 403, 408, 435, 499, 557, 600, 727
Muhlenberg, Frederick, 409, 413–17, 427, 429, 455, 480, 530, 532–33, 537–41, 562
Mulligan, Hercules, 41–42, 47, 63, 69, 73, 216 in American Revolution, 42, 57, 67, 78, 79, 80, 185
Murray, William Vans, 593–94, 597
New York (state) (
cont.
)
debt of, 323
education in, 206, 214, 337–38, 581, 582, 729 elections in, 91, 149, 273–76, 285–86, 421, 588, 606–10, 612, 625, 644–45, 650, 672–82 import duties in, 221
land grants in, 177, 206
law in, 168–69, 195, 198–99
legislature of, 169, 171–72, 195, 197, 199, 214, 215–16, 219–22, 262, 338, 670;
see also
New York Assembly; New York Senate
political families in, 285–86
secession threat and, 678
slavery in, 210–11, 213–16, 220, 239, 306, 515, 580–81
Society of the Cincinnati in, 216–18, 283–84, 304, 601, 692, 709, 711, 723
Tories in, 42, 49, 53, 56–58, 62–65, 67–70, 75, 81, 159–60, 169, 183–86, 188, 194–99, 318 New York Assembly, 214, 219–22, 285, 581, 607, 669 AH as candidate for, 186, 219
AH in, 5, 221–22, 226–27, 261
Burr in, 581, 586, 588, 590
New York City, 39, 48–82, 182–207, 251, 315–16, 318–31, 462, 472, 482–85, 581–90, 640–45, 677, 685–700, 704–16
AH’s arrival in, 41–42
AH’s funeral in, 711–13
AH’s homes in, 185–86, 204, 335, 484, 665, 695, 697–700;
see also
Grange, the (Hamilton estate) AH’s vision for, 186
Assembly Room of, 494–95
“bancomania” in, 380–81
banks in, 5, 199–202, 219, 276, 288, 292, 358, 360, 380, 586–88
Bayard mansion in, 705–9
British occupation of, 42, 80–81, 97, 98, 112, 118, 127, 160, 165, 167, 184, 194, 197–99
as capital, 182, 274, 276–309, 318–30
coffeehouses in, 382, 488, 489, 661, 705, 710 colonial evacuation of, 74, 78
Common (The Fields) in, 50, 55–56, 67, 73, 75, 77, 197, 499
Constitution welcomed in, 263, 268–69 Continental Congress in, 182
defense preparations in, 74
described, 49–51
elections of 1800 in, 606–10, 612, 625
espionage in, 42, 70
Evacuation Day (Nov. 25, 1783) in, 184–85 Federal Hall (City Hall) in, 276, 280, 301, 305, 324, 338, 489
fires in, 81, 184, 197, 515
flight of Tories from, 183–84, 185, 188
Fourth of July in, 283–85, 651, 652, 654
Fraunces Tavern in, 67, 185, 692
hangings in, 76, 81