America's Great Game (64 page)

Allen, George V.,
53
,
198–199
,
200
,
234
,
282

ALPHA project,
176–177
,
181–182
,
183
,
184–188
,
192
,
193
,
195
,
196
,
203–204
,
205
,
211
,
213
,
214
,
218–219
,
222
,
225
,
227
,
231
,
281

See also
GAMMA operation

Alsop, Joe,
15
,
247

‘Amer, ‘Abdel Hakim,
189
,
197

American Camp,
61

American Committee for Liberation (AMCOMLIB),
250
,
255

American Council for Judaism (ACJ),
87–89
,
90
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
117
,
125
,
177–179
,
180
,
182
,
183
,
184
,
185
,
186–187
,
293

American Friends of the Middle East (AFME),
287

accused of being a front organization,
235
,
292

and allegations of anti-Semitism,
125–126

and ARAMCO,
119
,
183
,
236–237
,
238

criticisms of, among previous supporters,
234–238

defeat of,
293

duality of,
185
,
239
,
243–244

and efforts to improve the image of post-revolutionary Egypt,
139
,
140

and the Eisenhower administration,
177
,
179–180
,
181
,
243–244

formation of,
118–119
,
125
,
217

funding of,
118–119
,
120
,
121
,
244
,
298

Kim’s level of involvement in,
121
,
125
,
129
,
130
,
185

location of field offices,
121
,
240

major leadership changes in,
238–240

on military assistance for Saudi Arabia,
211

mission and purpose of,
123–124
,
180–181
,
242

“New Look” taken by,
207–208

and Project ALPHA,
181
,
182
,
183
,
184–185
,
187

rallying to support promotion of Kim,
144–145

reining in,
245
,
257

relationship between the CIA and,
130–131

relocation of headquarters,
240

repercussions of the Six-Day War on,
293

shift in program of,
240–241

statement on Israel,
178

support for Nasser,
183
,
184
,
238
,
239
,
240
,
241

supportive role during Operation GAMMA,
206–208
,
210

use of, for tactical purposes by the CIA,
127–130

values and beliefs of,
122–123
,
125
,
130

wide-ranging program of,
121–122

Zionist counteroffensive against,
186–187

See also
American Council for Judaism (ACJ)

American Friends of Vietnam,
185

American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC),
187
,
292

American University in Cairo,
22
,
80

American University of Beirut (AUB),
21
,
22
,
35
,
36
,
59
,
63
,
64
,
80
,
85
,
124
,
131
,
145
,
243

American Youth Congress (AYC),
46

American Zionist Committee for Public Affairs,
187

American Zionist
(magazine),
235

Amery, Julian,
138
,
156

Amman.
See
Jordan

Amory, Robert,
225
,
260

Anatomy of Revolution, The
(Brinton),
149

Anderson, Robert B.,
206
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
212
,
214
,
253–254

Angleton, James Jesus,
205–206
,
258
,
260
,
281

Anglo-American Working Group on Syria,
274–275
,
276
,
280–281
,
288

Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC)/British Petroleum (BP),
48
,
161–162
,
283
,
294

Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science
(journal),
84

Anticommunism,
45–47
,
49
,
50–51
,
54
,
57
,
105
,
106
,
117–118
,
123
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
168
,
169
,
185
,
194
,
204
,
223
,
275

Anti-Semitism,
57
,
58
,
64
,
82
,
83
,
84
,
87
,
88–89
,
91
,
92
,
125–126
,
186
,
207
,
212

AntiZionism,
57
,
58
,
59
,
60
,
61–62
,
64
,
66
,
82
,
84
,
85–89
,
89–90
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
116
,
117–118
,
118–119
,
125–126
,
127
,
184
,
186
,
212

Anti-Zionist organizations.
See
American Council for Judaism (ACJ)
;
American Friends of the Middle East (AFME)
;
Committee for Justice and Peace in the Holy Land (CJP)

Antonius, George,
90

Arab Americans, political representation lacking for,
85

Arab Bureau,
7
,
8
,
33

Arab Cold War,
188
,
246
,
252
,
268
,
273

Arab Coordinating Committee,
286

Arab League,
85
,
123

Arab nationalism,
22
,
26
,
27
,
29
,
90
,
125
,
146
,
147
,
170
,
183
,
198
,
226–227
,
238
,
246
,
249
,
251
,
263
,
265
,
273
,
275
,
279
,
286
,
287
,
290

See also
Nasserism

Arab Office,
85

Arab Revolt,
6
,
56
,
143
,
174

Arab Spring,
286
,
299

Arab Union,
286

Arabian American Oil Company (ARAMCO),
61
,
62
,
63
,
64
,
82
,
86
,
91
,
98
,
106
,
119
,
161
,
183
,
205
,
236–237
,
238

Arabian Nights, The
(book),
7
,
19
,
43
,
162
,
223

ArabIsraeli conflict,
92
,
97
,
144
,
147
,
176
,
181
,
182
,
188
,
193
,
196
,
203
,
204
,
207
,
209
,
211
,
218
,
236
,
280–281
,
291
,
296
,
298
,
299

See also specific countries, organizations, events, and people involved in the conflict

ArabIsraeli peace plans.
See
ALPHA project
;
GAMMA operation

“ArabIsraeli Peace Still Is Possible” (Eliot),
212

ArabIsraeli War (1948),
92
,
97
,
98
,
136
,
209

Arabist, anti-Zionist organizations.
See
American Friends of the Middle East (AFME)
;
Committee for Justice and Peace in the Holy Land (CJP)

“Arabist,” shift in the meaning of,
64

“Arabs Live There Too, The” (Kim Roosevelt),
84

Arabs, Oil, and History
(Kim Roosevelt),
79–84
,
85
,
86
,
93
,
97
,
98
,
99
,
115
,
135
,
137
,
168–169
,
170
,
226
,
265
,
280

Archeologists, influence of,
22
,
36–37

Armenia,
250

Assassination plots,
70
,
103
,
107
,
159
,
170
,
222
,
225
,
256
,
264
,
290

Assassinations,
107
,
287

Aswan dam project,
204
,
210–211
,
212
,
232
,
233
,
234

Atheism,
123
,
181
,
194
,
243

Atiyyah, ‘Abdullah,
270–272

Atlantic Charter,
48

Austin, Warren R.,
91–92

Autocracies, Kim’s view on supporting,
99

Azerbaijan,
38
,
49
,
50
,
51
,
53
,
80
,
161
,
250

Azm, Khalid al-‘,
107

Ba‘ath,
98
,
220
,
247
,
272
,
290

Baghdad.
See
Iraq

Baghdad pact,
188
,
192
,
193
,
194
,
204
,
213
,
222

Balkans,
33–34
,
40
,
115
,
249
,
250

Ballad of East and West, The
(Kipling),
19

Banque Misr,
151

Barazi, Mushin al-,
107

Barnes, Tracy,
11
,
263

Barracks, James,
267

Barwick, John W.,
121
,
122

Baskerville, Howard,
48

Bay of Pigs,
250
,
291

BEDAMN program/agents,
162–163
,
164
,
166
,
169

Beeston, Richard,
252

Beirut.
See
Lebanon

Bell, Gertrude,
7
,
19

Ben Barka, Mehdi,
26

Ben-Gurion, David,
105
,
186
,
187
,
241

Berger, Elmer,
87
,
88–89
,
91
,
93
,
117
,
118
,
121
,
125
,
178
,
179
,
182
,
183
,
184–185
,
207
,
233
,
235
,
241
,
291
,
293

Bergson, Peter,
58

Berlin blockade,
114

Bernays, Edward,
148

Bernstein, Philip S.,
292

Berry, Burton Y.,
128

Bin Laden, Muhammad,
241

Bishop, Frederick,
274