B00AFPTSI0 EBOK (40 page)

Opening quote
:
John Andrew Holmes,
Wisdom in Small Doses
(Lincoln, NE: The University Publishing Company, 1927).

George Meyer
:
David Owen, “Taking Humor Seriously: George Meyer, the Funniest Man behind the Funniest Show on TV,”
New Yorker
, March 13, 2000; Simon Vozick-Levinson, “For
Simpsons
Writer Meyer, Comedy Is No Laughing Matter,”
Harvard Crimson
, June 4, 2003; Eric Spitznagel, “George Meyer,”
Believer
, September 2004; Mike Sacks,
And Here’s the Kicker: Conversations with 21 Top Humor Writers on Their Craft
(Cincinnati: Writers Digest Books, 2009); and personal interviews with Meyer (June 21, 2012), Tim Long (June 22, 2012), Carolyn Omine (June 27, 2012), and Don Payne (July 12, 2012).

geniuses and genius makers
:
Liz Wiseman and Greg McKeown,
Multipliers: How the Best Leaders Make Everyone Smarter
(New York: HarperBusiness, 2010).

highly creative people
:
Donald W. MacKinnon, “The Nature and Nurture of Creative Talent,”
American Psychologist
17 (1962): 484–495; and “Personality and the Realization of Creative Potential,”
American Psychologist
20 (1965): 273–281.

creative scientists
:
Gregory Feist, “A Structural Model of Scientific Eminence,”
Psychological Science
4 (1993): 366–371; and “A Meta-Analysis of Personality in Scientific and Artistic Creativity,”
Personality and Social Psychology Review
2 (1998): 290–309.

Frank Lloyd Wright
:
Roger Friedland and Harold Zellman,
The Fellowship: The Untold Story of Frank Lloyd Wright and the Taliesin Fellowship
(New York: HarperCollins, 2007), 138; Ed de St. Aubin, “Truth Against the World: A Psychobiographical Exploration of Generativity in the Life of Frank Lloyd Wright,” in
Generativity and Adult Development: How and Why We Care for the Next Generation
, ed. Dan P. McAdams and Ed de St. Aubin (Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 1998), 402 and 408; Christopher Hawthorne, “At Wright’s Taliesin, Maybe the Walls Can Talk,”
Los Angeles Times
, September 3, 2006; and Brendan Gill,
Many Masks: A Life of Frank Lloyd Wright
(New York: De Capo Press, 1998), 334.

Edgar Tafel
:
Joan Altabe, “Fallingwater Is Falling Apart,”
Gadfly Online
, February 18, 2002; see also Hugh Pearman, “How Many Wrights Make a Wrong?”
Sunday Times Magazine
, June 12, 2005.

cardiac surgeons
:
Robert Huckman and Gary Pisano, “The Firm Specificity of Individual Performance: Evidence from Cardiac Surgery,”
Management Science
52 (2006): 473–488.

Star analysts
:
Boris Groysberg, Linda-Eling Lee, and Ashish Nanda, “Can They Take It with Them? The Portability of Star Knowledge Workers’ Performance,”
Management Science
54 (2008): 1213–1230; and Boris Groysberg and Linda-Eling Lee, “The Effect of Colleague Quality on Top Performance: The Case of Security Analysts,”
Journal
of
Organizational Behavior
29 (2008): 1123–1144.

interdependence as a sign of weakness
:
MarYam G. Hamedani, Hazel R. Markus, and Alyssa S. Fu, “My Nation, My Self: Divergent Framings of America Influence American Selves,”
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
37 (2011): 350–364.

this makes their groups better off
:
Nathan P. Podsakoff , Steven W. Whiting, Philip M. Podsakoff , and Brian D. Blume, “Individual- and Organizational-Level Consequences of Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis,”
Journal of Applied Psychology
94 (2009): 122–141; and Philip M. Podsakoff , Scott B. MacKenzie, Julie B. Paine, and Daniel G. Bachrach, “Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: A Critical Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature and Suggestions for Future Research,”
Journal of Management
26 (2000): 513–563.

expedition behavior
:
Personal interviews with Jeff Ashby (July 9, 2012) and John Kanengieter (July 13, 2012).

no longer have a target on their backs
:
Eugene Kim and Theresa M. Glomb, “Get Smarty Pants: Cognitive Ability, Personality, and Victimization,”
Journal of Applied Psychology
95 (2010): 889–901.

revealed his skills
:
Sabrina Deutsch Salamon and Yuval Deutsch, “OCB as a Handicap: An Evolutionary Psychological Perspective,”
Journal of Organizational Behavior
27 (2006): 185–199.

idiosyncrasy credits
:
Edwin P. Hollander, “Conformity, Status, and Idiosyncrasy Credit,”
Psychological Review
65 (1958): 117–127; see also Charlie L. Hardy and Mark Van Vugt, “Nice Guys Finish First: The Competitive Altruism Hypothesis,”
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
32 (2006): 1402–1413.

Berkeley sociologist
:
Robb Willer, “Groups Reward Individual Sacrifice: The Status Solution to the Collective Action Problem,”
American Sociological Review
74 (2009): 23–43.

givers get extra credit
:
Adam M. Grant, Sharon Parker, and Catherine Collins, “Getting Credit for Proactive Behavior: Supervisor Reactions Depend on What You Value and How You Feel,”
Personnel Psychology
62 (2009): 31–55.

study of Slovenian companies
:
Matej Cerne, Christina Nerstad, Anders Dysvik, and Miha Škerlavaj, “What Goes Around Comes Around: Knowledge Hiding, Perceived Motivational Climate, and Creativity,”
Academy of Management Journal
(forthcoming).

Jonas Salk
:
David Oshinsky,
Polio: An American Story
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), 205–206 and 208.

“evil father figure”
:
Douglas Heuck, “A Talk with Salk Sheds Wisdom,”
Pittsburgh Quarterly
, Winter 2006.

rare comments about the incident
:
Academy of Achievement, “Jonas Salk Interview,” May 16, 1991, accessed March 15, 2012, http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/sal0int-4, and Paul Offit,
The Cutter Incident: How America’s First Polio Vaccine Led to the Growing Vaccine Crisis
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005), 57.

Peter Salk
:
Luis Fábregas, “Salk’s Son Extends Olive Branch to Polio Team,”
Pittsburgh Tribune
, April 13, 2005.

responsibility bias
:
Michael Ross and Fiore Sicoly, “Egocentric Biases in Availability and Attribution,”
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
37 (1979): 322–336.

top words
:
Mark Peters and Daniel O’Brien, “From Cromulent to Craptacular: The Top 12
Simpsons
Created Words,” Cracked.com, July 23, 2007; and Ben Zimmer, “The ‘Meh’ Generation: How an Expression of Apathy Invaded America,”
Boston Globe
, February 26, 2012.

reflect on each member’s contributions
:
Eugene M. Caruso, Nicholas Epley, and Max H. Bazerman, “The Costs and Benefits of Undoing Egocentric Responsibility Assessments in Groups,”
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
91 (2006): 857–871.

recognize what other people contribute
:
Michael McCall, “Orientation, Outcome, and Other-Serving Attributions,”
Basic and Applied Social Psychology
17 (1995): 49–64.

psychological safety
:
Amy Edmondson, “Learning from Mistakes is Easier Said Than Done: Group and Organizational Influences on the Detection and Correction of Human Error,”
Journal of Applied Behavioral Science
32 (1996): 5–28; and “Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams,”
Administrative Science Quarterly
44 (1999): 350–383.

major role in innovation
:
David Obstfeld, “Social Networks, the Tertius Iungens Orientation, and Involvement in Innovation,”
Administrative Science Quarterly
50 (2005): 100–130.

perspective gap
:
Loran F. Nordgren, Mary-Hunter Morris McDonnell, and George Loewenstein, “What Constitutes Torture? Psychological Impediments to an Objective Evaluation of Enhanced Interrogation Tactics,”
Psychological Science
22 (2011): 689–694.

San Francisco hospital
:
Robert Burton, “Pathological Certitude,” in
Pathological Altruism
, ed. Barbara Oakley et al. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011), 131–137; Natalie Angier, “The Pathological Altruist Gives Till Someone Hurts,”
New York Times
, October 3, 2011; and personal interview with Burton (February 23, 2012).

put themselves in other people’s shoes
:
Adam M. Grant and James Berry, “The Necessity of Others Is the Mother of Invention: Intrinsic and Prosocial Motivations, Perspective-Taking, and Creativity,”
Academy of Management Journal
54 (2011): 73–96.

registry gifts and unique gifts
:
Francesca Gino and Francis J. Flynn, “Give Them What They Want: The Benefits of Explicitness in Gift Exchange,”
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
47 (2011): 915–922.

tend to stay within our own frames of reference
:
C. Daniel Batson, Shannon Early, and Giovanni Salvarani, “Perspective Taking: Imagining How Another Feels Versus Imagining How You Would Feel,”
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
23 (1997): 751–758.

goldfish crackers over broccoli
:
Betty Repacholi and Alison Gopnik, “Early Reasoning about Desires: Evidence from 14- and 18-Month-Olds,”
Developmental Psychology
33 (1997): 12–21.”

younger siblings
:
Beatrice Whiting and John Whiting,
Children of Six Cultures: A Psycho-Cultural Analysis
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1975), David Winter, “The Power Motive in Women—and Men,”
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
54 (1988): 510–519; Frank J. Sulloway,
Born to Rebel: Birth Order, Family Dynamics, and Creative Lives
(New York: Vintage Books, 1997); and Paul A. M. Van Lange, Wilma Otten, Ellen M. N. De Bruin, and Jeffrey A. Joireman, “Development of Prosocial, Individualistic, and Competitive Orientations: Theory and Preliminary Evidence,”
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
73 (1997): 733–746.

“It is amazing”
:
de St. Aubin, 405.

Chapter 4: Finding the Diamond in the Rough

Reggie Love
:
Personal interview (May 28, 2012); and Peter Baker, “Education of a President,”
New York Times
, October 12, 2010; David Picker, “Amazing Ride Nears End for ‘First Brother’ Reggie Love,”
ABC News
, November 22, 2011; Jodi Kantor, “Leaving Obama’s Shadow, to Cast One of His Own,”
New York Times
, November 10, 2011; and Noreen Malone, “Obama Still Hasn’t Replaced Reggie Love,”
New York Magazine
, February 16, 2012.

C. J. Skender
:
Personal interviews with Skender (January 16 and April 30, 2012), Beth Traynham (May 4, 2012), Marie Arcuri (May 5, 2012), and David Moltz (May 10, 2012); see also Megan Tucker, “By the Book, Sort of . . .”
BusinessWeek
, September 20, 2006; Kim Nielsen, “The Last Word: C. J. Skender, CPA,”
Journal of Accountancy
, April 2008; Patrick Adams, “The Entertainer,”
Duke Magazine
, March 4, 2004; and Nicki Jhabvala, “Road Trip: UNC,”
Sports Illustrated
, November 8, 2006.

Israel Defense Forces
:
Dov Eden, “Pygmalion without Interpersonal Contrast Effects: Whole Groups Gain from Raising Manager Expectations,”
Journal of Applied Psychology
75 (1990): 394–398, and “Self-Fulfilling Prophecies in Organizations,” in
Organizational Behavior: State of the Science
, ed. J. Greenberg (Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2003), 91–122.

intellectual blooming
:
Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson, “Teachers’ Expectancies: Determinants of Pupils’ IQ Gains,”
Psychological Reports
19 (1966): 115–118; and
Pygmalion in the Classroom: Teacher Expectation and Pupils’ Intellectual Development
(New York: Crown, 2003).

“Self-fulfilling prophecies”
:
Lee Jussim and Kent Harber, “Teacher Expectations and Self-Fulfilling Prophecies: Knowns and Unknowns, Resolved and Unresolved Controversies,”
Personality and Social Psychology Review
9 (2005): 131–155.

employees bloomed
:
D. Brian McNatt, “Ancient Pygmalion Joins Contemporary Management: A Meta-Analysis of the Result,”
Journal of Applied Psychology
85 (2000): 314–322.

low expectations trigger a vicious cycle
:
Jennifer Carson Marr, Stefan Thau, Karl Aquino, and Laurie J. Barclay, “Do I Want to Know? How the Motivation to Acquire Relationship-Threatening Information in Groups Contributes to Paranoid Thought, Suspicion Behavior, and Social Rejection,”
Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes
117 (2012): 285–297; and Detlef Fetchenhauer and David Dunning, “Why So Cynical? Asymmetric Feedback Underlies Misguided Skepticism Regarding the Trustworthiness of Others,”
Psychological Science
21 (2010): 189–193; see also Fabrizio Ferraro, Jeffrey Pfeffer, and Robert I. Sutton, “Economics Language and Assumptions: How Theories Can Become Self-Fulfilling,”
Academy of Management Review
30 (2005): 8–24.