Authors: Barbara W. Tuchman
Bible and Sword (48 page)
this page
The sword and Solomon’s ship.—Lonelich.
Also
Wynkyn de Worde.
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The Grail symbols, the stone and fish.—See Gaster and Weston.
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Leviathan.—Psalms, LXXIV, 14.
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Broughton.—Quoted by Skeat. Other seventeenth-century church historians who discuss the claims of Joseph as first apostle are: Bishop Stillingfleet,
Origines Britannicae
, 1685, and Archbishop Ussher,
Britannicarum Ecclesiarum Antiquitates
, 1639.
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The description of Stone Age Glastonbury.—Jacquetta Hawks,
Prehistoric Britain
, Harvard University Press, 1953.
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The quotation from Professor Freeman.—“Glastonbury British and English,” in
Proceedings of the Somerset Archaeological Society
, XXVI (1880), reprinted in
English Towns and Districts
by E. A. Freeman, London, 1883.
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
, ed. J. A. Giles, Bohn’s Library, London, 1849.
ARCULF
,
Pilgrimage of Arculfus in the Holy Land
, ed. J. R. Macpherson, PPTS, 1889.
Also
in Wright and in Giles’
Bede
.
BEAZLEY, CHARLES R.
, The Dawn of Modern Geography, 3 vols., London, 1887.
BROWNE, G. F
. Listed under Chapter II.
Cambridge Medieval History
, planned by J. B. Bury, 8 vols., 1911–36.
COULTON
,
G. G.
, Life in the Middle Ages, 4 vols., Cambridge, 1929. Medieval Panorama, New York, 1938. Social Life in Britain from the Conquest to the Reformation (contemporary documents), Cambridge, 1918.
FULLER, THOMAS
,
Church History
. Listed under Chapter II.
GUYLFORDE, SIR RICHARD
,
Pilgrimage of
…, Camden Society, n.d.
HEATH, SIDNEY
, Pilgrim Life in the Middle Ages, New York, 1912.
HODGKIN, R. H.
,
History of the Anglo-Saxons
, 2 vols., Oxford, 1935.
Informacion for Pylgrymes
, Wynkyn de Worde, 1498, 1515, and 1524, ed W. Gordon Duff, London, 1893.
JONES, G. HARTWELL
, Celtic Britain and the Pilgrim Movement, Society of Cymrodorion, London, 1912.
JUSSERAND
,
J
.
A. A. J
.,
English Wayfaring Life in the Middle Ages
, translated by L. Toulmin Smith, London, 1892.
MANDEVILLE, SIR JOHN
,
Voiage and Travaile of
…, ed. J. O. Halliwell, 1839.
Also
in Wright. For discussion of Mandeville’s identity,
see DNB
and
Encyclopaedia Britannica
.
MIGNE, J. P.
, Patrologiae Latinae Cursus Completus, 221 vols., Paris, 1844–64.
OMAN, SIR CHARLES
. Listed under Chapter I.
POWICKE, F. M.
, Christian Life in the Middle Ages, Oxford, 1935.
SAEWULF
,
Travels of …, in 110
2
and 1103
, ed. Canon Brownlow, PPTS, 1892.
Also
in Wright.
STUBBS, WILLIAM
, Lectures on Medieval and Modern History, 3d ed., Oxford, 1900.
TORKYNGTON, SIR RICHARD
, Ye Oldest Diarie of Englysshe Travell, ed. W. J. Loftie, London, 1883.
WAY, WILLIAM
, Itineraries of … to Jerusalem, 1458 and 1462, Roxburghe Club, London, 1857.
WILLIBALD
,
Travels of
…, A.D. 721–27, ed. Canon Brownlow, PPTS, 1891.
Also
in Wrght.
WRIGHT, THOMAS
, Early Travels in Palestine, London, 1848.
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Jerome’s letters and Paula’s quoted in this chapter.—Migne, Vol. XXII, Epistle XLVI, col. 489 and Epistle LXVIII, col. 581.
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Palladius Galata.—Browne, p. 78. Quotation from
Historia Lausiaca
, Migne, Vol. LXXIII, chap. CXVIII, col. 1200.
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Mahomet’s dream.—Washington Irving’s
Life of Mahomet
, Everyman ed., chap. XII.
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Omar.—Temple cleaned of filth, R. A. S. MacAlister, article “Palestine,”
Encyclopaedia Britannica
, nth ed.
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El-Hakim.—
Cambridge Medieval
. Vol. V, chap. VI, 254.
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Pelagius.—Fuller, Church History, Vol. I, 76. Also Browne, Hartwell Jones, DNB, Catholic Encyclopedia.
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Dicuil, De Mensura Orbis Terrae.—Wright, Introduction, p. xiv.
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Margery Kemp
e.—The Book of
…, ed. S. B. March, Early English Text Society, London, 1940.
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Florence of Worcester.—
Chronicle of
.…, ed. T. Forester, Bohn’s Library, London, 1854.
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Ealdred.—From
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
, quoted by Beazley.
this page
Sweyn.—From
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. See also
Hodgkin, Oman,
DNB
.
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Medieval maps.—Beazley.
this page
Godric.—Coulton, Social Life, p. 415.
See also
Baring-Gould,
Lives of the Saints
, ed. 1872, V, 322–31.
Also DNB
.
this page
Ludlow Chapel.—Hartwell Jones.
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Piers Plowman
, ed. Wright, London, 1856, I, 109.
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Heywood’s “Four Ps.”—J. M. Marly,
Specimens
, I, 484.
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Douglas.—
Froissart’s Chronicles
, Everyman ed., 1906. chap. 1, p. 16.
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Abbot of Ramsey.—T. Wright,
Biographica Britannica Literaria
, London, 1892.
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Guilds.—Jusserand, p. 380.
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Ships full stuffed.—
Informacion
.
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Henry of Bolingbroke.—Stubbs, p. 198.
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Archbishop Sigeric.—Beazley.
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Erasmus.—Jusserand, p. 353.
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Wyclif.—
Ibid.
, p. 351.
ARCHER, THOMAS
, The Crusade of Richard I, Extracts from Contemporary Accounts, London, 1888.
ARCHER, T.
, and
C
.
L. KINGSFORD
,
Story of the Crusades
, New York, 1895.
BOHN, H. G.
, Chronicles of the Crusades, Being Contemporary Narratives of the Crusade of Richard Coeur de Lion by Richard of Devizes, Geoffrey de Vinsauf, and the Crusade of Saint Louis by Lord de Joinville, London, 1848.
Cambridge Medieval History. Listed under Chapter III.
COULTON, G. G
. Listed under Chapter III.
DANSEY, JAMES C
., The English Crusaders, London, 1849.
DAVID, C
.
W
.,
Robert Curthose
, Harvard, 1920.
DAVIS, H.
W
. C
., England Under the Normans and Angevins, London, 1905.
FULLER, THOMAS
, History of the Holy Warre, London, 1639.
GIBBON, EDWARD
,
Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
, eds. Milman, Guizot, and Smith, 6 vols.
Itinerarium Regis Ricardi
(Vinsauf). English text in Bohn’s
Chronicles
and excerpts in Archer. Original in
Rolls Series
38a, ed. Stubbs.
JACOBS, J.
, The Jews of Angevin England, London, 1893.
JOINVILLE, JEAN DE
, Crusade of St. Louis, Everyman ed. Also in Bohn’s Chronicles.
LANE-POOLE, AUSTIN
, Domesday Book to Magna Carta, Oxford, 1951.
LANE-POOLE, STANLEY
,
Life of Saladin
, London, 1920.
MICHAUD, J. F.
,
History of the Crusades
, translated by W. Robson, 3 vols., London, 1852.
Bibliothèque des Croisades
, 4 vols.
MILLS, CHARLES
, History of the Crusades, 2 vols., London, 1822.
NORGATE, KATE
, England Under the Angevin Kings, 2 vols., London, 1887. Richard the Lion Heart, London, 1924.
OMAN, SIR CHARLES
, A History of the Art of War in the Middle Ages, 2 vols., London, 1924.
RAMSAY, J. H.
, The Angevin Empire, Oxford, 1903.
STUBBS, WILLIAM
,
Historical Introductions to the Rolls Series
, ed. A. Hassall, London, 1902. (Includes Ralph of Diceto, Benedict of Peterborough, Roger of Hoveden,
Itinerarium Regis Ricardi
, Walter of Coventry.)
Lectures on Medieval and Modern History
, Oxford, 1900.
WILLIAM OF MALMESBURY
,
Chronicle of the Kings of England
, ed. Giles, Bohn’s Library, London, 1883.
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Bernard of Clairvaux.—Gibbon, VI, chap. LIX, 109.
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Effigies.—Richard Gough,
Sepulchral Monuments of Great Britain
, London, 1876.
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Saracen’s Head.—C. W. Bardsley, English Surnames, Their Source and Significations, London, 1889.
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Foolish metrical romances.—See Appendix to Scott’s
Talisman
.
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Richard’s height.—According to Ramsey, p. 367, Richard was 6’ 2”.
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First Crusade, 30 vessels.—David,
Robert Curthose
.
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William of Malmesbury.—Quoted Gibbon, VI, chap. LVIII, note 77.
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English ships.—David,
Robert Curthose
.
this page
Robert’s Crusade.—
Ibid. Also
Dansey.
PAGE
55. Robert’s weeping.—DNB.
this page
Edgar Atheling.—
DNB
, David, Dansey.
this page
Heywood’s Four Prentices.—Ancient British Drama, 3 vols., London, 1810.
this page
Urban’s speech.—William of Malmesbury, Book IV, chap. II.
Also
Michaud’s
History
, Book I, p. 49.
this page
Jews.—Gibbon, VI, chap. LVIII.
Also Cambridge Medieval
, Vol. II, chap. VII.
this page
Usury.—W. E. H. Lecky,
History of Rationalism
, New York, 1883, II, 266.
Also
H. W. C. Davis.
this page
Ritual murder.—Michaud’s
History
, Book VI.
Also
H. W. C. Davis.
this page
Jews attacked in England in Third Crusade.—Contemporary authorities are Ralph of Diceto and William of Newburgh.
See
Stubbs,
Introductions. Also
Jacobs and Ramsay.
this page
Nine Worthies.—Caxton’s Preface to
Morte d’Arthur
.
PAGE
59. Second Crusade, peopled heaven with martyrs.—Geoffrey of Clairvaux, quoted Dansey.
this page
Alms-boxes.—Austin Lane-Poole.
this page
Henry’s vow after Becket’s murder.—Roger of Hoveden, Stubbs,
Introductions
.
this page
Pope Urban II died of grief.—Roger of Hoveden, quoted Mills II, 10.
this page
Saladin tithe.—Austin Lane-Poole.
this page
All things were for sale.—
Ibid.
, p. 350, quoting Richard of Devizes.
this page
“I would sell London.…”—
Ibid. Also
Norgate’s
Richard
, Book II, chap. I.
this page
Henry of Cornhill.—
Pipe Roll
2
Richard I
in Archer.
this page
Two palfreys.—
Ibid
.
this page
Richard’s fleet.—Contemporary authorities are Roger of Hoveden, Ralph of Diceto, Richard of Devizes, and
Pipe Roll
2
Richard I. See
Stubbs’
Introductions. Also
Norgate’s
Richard
, Book II, chap. II.
this page
Population of England
ca
. 1200, at the time of
Domesday Book.—See
S. R. Maitland,
Domesday Book and Beyond
, Cambridge, 1897, p. 437. At the time of the 1377 poll tax.—See David MacPherson,
Annals of Commerce
, 1805, I, 548.
See also
M. Postan, “Population in the Later Middle Ages,”
Economic History Review
, 2d series, II, No. 3, London, 1950. Josiah Cox Russell,
British Medieval Population
, University of New Mexico Press, 1948.
this page
Owlde Roule.—Dansey.
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Bohadin.—Michaud’s
Bibliothèque
, Vol. IV, passim.
Also
excerpts in Archer.
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Siege of Acre and massacre of prisoners.—IRR, Bohadin, Roger of Hoveden in Archer.
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Melec Ric.—Stanley Lane-Poole, p. 357.
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Richard hindered by the King of France.—Richard of Devizes, quoted
Historians’ History of the World
, VIII, 389, note 1.
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March to Arsuf.—
IRR
in Archer.
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Johanna’s proposed marriage.—Bohadin,
IRR
, etc., in Archer.
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Saladin’s gifts.—Book I, chap. Ill in Bohn’s
Chronicles
.
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Richard’s remark on Jerusalem.—Joinville, chap. CVIII.
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Spirit of Melec Ric.—These stories all come from Joinville who was in Palestine 50 years after Richard. Gibbon, VI, chap. LIX; Michaud’s
Bibliothèque
, IV, 304; Norgate’s
Richard
, p. 262.
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John de Camoys and Andrew Astley.—Dansey.
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Osborne Gifford, Roger de Mowbray, Hugh de Hatton, Fulk.—Dansey.
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William de Pratelles.—
IRR
in Archer, etc.