Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (103 page)
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Buto
[Di].
[Di].
Butovo Culture
[CP].
[CP].
Mesolithic hunter-gatherer communities occupying the upper Volga catchment of the forest zone of western Russia from about 8000 bc down to 5000 bc, named after the type-site beside the Volga, northwest of Moscow. Most of the settlements of the Butovo Culture were beside rivers and lakes, and the rich material culture includes bone harpoon points, flint knives, tanged points, and scrapers. Hunting and fishing provided the subsistence base. The Butovo Culture is ancestral to the
VOLGA-OKA CULTURES
of the forest region.
VOLGA-OKA CULTURES
of the forest region.
butt beaker
[Ar].
[Ar].
A tall beaker shaped like a butt or barrel and having a small, everted rim. The body is usually decorated with cordons, rouletting, latticing, etc. Mid 1st century
bc
through to 1st century
ad
in date. Some were made in Gallo-Belgicia, others were locally made in Britain.
bc
through to 1st century
ad
in date. Some were made in Gallo-Belgicia, others were locally made in Britain.
butts
[MC].
[MC].
Area used for archery practice.
B ware
[Ar].
[Ar].
A range of ceramic amphorae originating at a range of source areas in the east Mediterranean. They date from the 1st to the early 7th century
AD
, although in Britain they date mainly to the later part of their currency. Divided into four subgroups, Bi–Biv. Bi are characteristic of sub-Roman sites in western Britain. See
AMPHORA
.
AD
, although in Britain they date mainly to the later part of their currency. Divided into four subgroups, Bi–Biv. Bi are characteristic of sub-Roman sites in western Britain. See
AMPHORA
.
Bylany, Czech Republic
[Si].
[Si].
A substantial village of the early
LINEARBANKKERAMIC
in central Bohemia about 50km east of Prague. Excavated by Bohumil Soudsky in the late 1950s, the settlement is a very typical example of an LBK village. The distribution of features covered more than 6.5ha, but twenty phases of occupation were recognized. The excavator suggested that at any one time there was one large longhouse (possibly a club-house) around which was a cluster of perhaps five or six normal dwellings. Wheat and barley were cultivated, and cattle were the main domesticated animal species present.
[Rep.: B. Soudsky 1962, The Neolithic site of Bylany.
Antiquity
, 36, 190–200]
LINEARBANKKERAMIC
in central Bohemia about 50km east of Prague. Excavated by Bohumil Soudsky in the late 1950s, the settlement is a very typical example of an LBK village. The distribution of features covered more than 6.5ha, but twenty phases of occupation were recognized. The excavator suggested that at any one time there was one large longhouse (possibly a club-house) around which was a cluster of perhaps five or six normal dwellings. Wheat and barley were cultivated, and cattle were the main domesticated animal species present.
[Rep.: B. Soudsky 1962, The Neolithic site of Bylany.
Antiquity
, 36, 190–200]
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