Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (599 page)

See
FIELD SYSTEM
.

 
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See
FIELD SYSTEM
.

 
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Reiche , Maria
(1903–98)
[Bi].

Self-taught archaeologist who for more than 50 years studied the enigmatic Nasca lines of the Peruvian desert. Born in Dresden, Reiche read mathematics and geography at Hamburg and Dresden universities before moving to Peru in 1932 to become governess to the German consul's children at Cuzco. After years of studying the Nasca lines, she concluded that they represented a giant calendar linked to the movements of the sun, moon, and constellations. In 1993 she was awarded the Order of the Sun by the Peruvian government.
[Obit.:
The Times
, 13 June 1998]

 
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A classic form of graveyard dating to the 5th through to the 7th centuries
ad
in France, West Germany, and the Low Countries in which burials were made in individual trenches in neat rows. Such cemeteries are often found some distance from a settlement beside a river on a south-facing slope. In such cemeteries men were traditionally buried with one or more weapons and women with their brooches, hairpins, and items of dress.

 
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Large four-hoofed mammal (Rangifer tarandus) that generally roams in large herds over the Arctic and tundra regions of the northern hemisphere. Archaeological evidence from the Middle Palaeolithic through to modern times shows that hunting communities reliant on this species as a source of food and materials are part of an extremely long-lived tradition. Reindeer were also used domestically to draw sledges and as a source of milk.

 
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Reinecke , Paul
(1872–1958)
[Bi].

German prehistorian whose periodization of the European Bronze and Iron Ages published between 1902 and 1911 still provide the basic classificatory schemes for a substantial body of material. Largely on the basis of typology he divided the early and middle Bronze Age into four divisions: Reinecke A to D. He also recognized the essential continuity of the late Bronze Age through into the Iron Age of central Europe and applied the term
HALLSTATT
to this period. The Hallstatt was likewise subdivided into four phases A to D. Subsequent revisions to the essential sequence now suggest a degree of overlap between Reinecke D and Hallstatt A.
[Obit.:
Revue Archéologique de L'est et du Centre-est
, 10 (1959), 160–4]

 
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