Congo (119 page)

    colonization of Congo, 39, 54, 57–58, 61, 87–88, 96–97

    and Congo Free State, 63, 79

    and First Republic, 319, 531

    flag of, 104

    formation of, 38–39, 248

    government in exile, 182–89, 190, 201

    kings of,
see
Albert I; Baudouin; Leopold II

    military intervention in Congo, 293–99, 309, 372

    nuclear technology in, 190

    postwar reconstruction, 190, 201

    and territories, 60–61

    trading networks, 457

    and World War I, 130, 139–40

    and World War II, 182–89, 201

Bemba, Jeannot, 357

Bemba, Jean-Pierre:

    and elections, 484, 495, 496, 497–98, 500, 501–2, 503, 506, 521

    as media owner, 494, 496, 498

    and MLC, 446, 449, 453, 454, 467

    as vice president, 467, 469, 488, 500

Benedictine monks, 172

Benedict XVI, Pope, 492

Berlin Conference (1885), 7, 53–55, 58, 63, 72, 130, 230, 483, 530

bills
(young people’s groups), 235, 236–38

Binza group, 305, 325, 341

Birindwa, Faustin, 410

Bisengimana, Bertrand, 350, 351

Bisengimana Rwema, Barthélémy, 350, 357, 380, 411

Bismarck, Otto von, 53, 55, 59

Bitulu, Jules, 540, 541–44, 547–48

Black Peter, 193

Blumenthal, Erwin, 375–76, 531

Blumenthal Report, 375–76

Boali, 91

Bobangi, 112

Boboliko, André, 223–24

Boer War, 96

Bolamba, Antoine-Roger, 226

Bolikango, Jean, 223–24, 252, 257, 265, 268, 302

Bolobo mission, 69–70

Boma, 61–62, 68, 75, 77, 167, 179, 379

Bomans, Jean-Baptiste, 276

Bomboko, Justin, 224, 252, 281, 304, 315, 325, 341

Bonaccorsi, Count Arnocovaldo, 184

Bonga Bonga, Paul, 210

Bonnke, Reinhard, 490

bonobo, 13

Boumédienne, Houari, 337

Boutros Ghali, Boutros, 418

Boy Scout troops, 172, 174, 177

Bracongo beer, 235, 243, 476–77, 479, 481, 483–85

Bralima beer, 476–77, 479, 481, 484–86, 498

Brancusi, Constantin, 352

Brazza, Savorgnan de, 51–53, 63

Brown, James, 348

Brown de Tiège, Alexandre de, 87

Brussels World’s Fair (Expo 1958), 67, 239–41

Bugera, Déogratias, 416, 417, 418, 435

Buisseret, Auguste, 240

Bukavu, 14, 395, 472, 516

Bulaya, Papy, 424, 452–55, 457–58

Bundu-dia-Kongo, 506, 521

Bureau International d’Ethnographie, 111, 112, 232

Burma, 188, 189, 190, 191, 233

Burundi, 16, 60, 130, 139, 415

    independence of, 322, 413

    and Second Congo War, 443, 445

Bush, George H. W., 376, 393

Bushala, Pierrot, 412

bushmeat, 457–58

bush telegraph, 20

Butungu, 65–66

cacao, 126, 293, 357

Cameron, Lovett, 34, 40

Cameroon, 19, 130, 131, 138

Camus, Albert, 158

Cape Verde Islands, 258

Capuchin missionaries, 22

Cardoso, Mario, 223–24, 261, 266, 275, 304, 306

Carpentier, Georges, 347

carte de mérite civique
(certificate of civil merit), 159, 218, 219, 222, 244

carte d’immatriculation
(registration card), 218–19, 230, 244

Carter, Jimmy, 376

Casement, Roger, 96–97

Castro, Fidel, 325, 445

Catholic Church:

    attendance in, 68

    children taken by, 83

    missionaries of, 47, 72–75, 96, 114, 149, 151, 171, 172, 174–75, 208

    and name changes, 354–55

    political power of, 171

    protests by, 401–3

    in Second Republic, 400

    and struggle against Mobutu, 383, 490, 496

Cattier, Félicien, 97, 110–11

CCT, 528

Ceauşescu, Elena, 364, 365, 392

Ceauşescu, Nicolae, 363–65, 392

cell phones, 456, 475, 477, 484, 486

Central Africa, map,
28

Central African Republic, 16, 510

Centre Pénitentiaire et de Rééducation, 463–65

César (in China), 551–54

Ceulemans, Jacques, 223

Chad, 186, 445, 446

Chaltin, Louis, 138

China, 309, 321, 356–57

    author’s travel to, 537–41

    Congolese in, 535–36, 537–55

    contract with Congo, 528–33, 534

    embassy in Congo, 534–35

    Guangzhou, 537–55

    guerrillas trained by, 322

    and IMF, 532

    mines owned by, 526–27

    Sino-African summit, 528

    Tiananmen Square, 542

    trade with, 38, 525–26, 528, 535–36, 556

Chinese Railway Engineering Company (CREC), 532–34

cholera, 415, 423

Christianity, 22, 47, 148–49, 406;
see also
missionaries

Churchill, Winston, 183, 273, 522

CIA, 283, 288, 298, 300, 304, 305, 310, 376

CIAT (Comité International d’Accompagnement à la Transition), 468, 473, 496, 502, 513

cities, 164–68, 169, 207–14, 234

    ethnic identity in, 232, 252

    
évolués
in, 214–19

    extra-legal centers in, 165–66

    migration to, 336

clientelism, 356–57, 470

Clinton, Bill, 426

Clinton, Hillary Rodham, 533

Close, William, 380

CNDP (Congrès National pour la Défense du Peuple), 514, 516, 517, 518–23, 524

cobalt, 119, 298, 389, 526–27, 529

coffee, 126, 156, 293, 379, 389, 456

Cold War:

    and Angola, 371

    and anticolonialism, 258

    beginning in Africa, 556

    and economic interests, 298, 376–79, 475, 530

    end of, 392, 396

    and First Republic, 298

Collection des monographies ethnographiques
, 111, 113, 114

colonization, 37–38, 46, 51–55, 206, 244

    decolonization, 233–34, 241, 255, 266

    developmental, 202, 203

    and nonautonomous territories, 201

    postwar attitude toward, 201–2

coltan, 15, 119, 456–57, 458

Comber, Thomas, 47, 65, 102

Comité d’Études du Haut-Congo (CEHC), 50, 54

Comité National de Libération, 320, 322–24

Comités du Pouvoir Populaire, 435

Comité Spécial du Katanga (CSK), 120–21, 262, 263

Commission Électorale Indépendante (CEI), 496–97, 499, 501

Communism, fall of, 364–65, 392

Compagnie du Chemin de Fer du Bas-Congo au Katanga (BCK), 120, 121, 313, 315, 316

Compagnie du Katanga, 120

Conakat (Confédération des Associations du Katanga), 252–53, 254, 264

Conan Doyle, Arthur, 97

Concorde, 373, 380, 390

Congo:

    colonial portfolio of, 262, 329, 345

    economic history of, 119–20

    ethnic groups in, 13–14, 264

    flag of, 51

    geography (map),
xiii

    geography of, 11–13, 14–15, 20–21, 130

    history of, 16–23

    infrastructure of, 120

    international trade, 21–23, 31

    languages of, 13–14, 15–16, 19

    local kings, 21

    natural resources of, 118–20, 191, 530

    population, administration and raw material (map),
xiv

Congo (Zaïre) River, 12, 25, 35, 36, 58

Congo-Brazzaville, 16, 52, 270, 309, 376, 393, 437, 510

Congo Free State, 11, 57–60

    administration of, 61–62, 63, 78, 94, 103, 105

    atrocities in, 78, 88–94, 95, 96, 97, 104, 395

    as Belgian Congo, 57, 97, 395

    Belgification of, 63, 92–93

    “boys” in service in, 62–63, 67, 78

    creation of, 7, 55

    depopulation of, 95

    early years of, 78

    economy of, 86–88, 379, 483

    girls as
menagères
in, 67–68, 78

    international pressure on, 96–98

    international recognition of, 59

    land deals in, 86–87

    Leopold’s promises broken, 78–80

    map,
56
, 58–60

    property nationalized in, 79–80