Deadly Choices: How the Anti-Vaccine Movement Threatens Us All (37 page)

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63
Ted Williams and Whitestone illness:
Ibid.
63
Fisher regarding conspiracy:
National Vaccine Information Center Archives, volume 1, number 1, March 1995.
64
Hepatitis B disease in the United States:
E. E. Mast and J. W. Ward, “Hepatitis B Vaccines,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008).
65
Hepatitis B vaccine policy in the United States:
Ibid.
65
Hepatitis B vaccine discussed on
20/20
:
ABC News 20/20
, January 22, 1999.
67
Fisher regarding hepatitis B virus infections in children:
S. H. Trudeau, “Is There a Risk to Vaccines?”
Copley News Service
, January 12, 1998.
67
Hepatitis B disease in children:
G. L. Armstrong, E. E. Mast, M. Wojczynski, and H. S. Margolis, “Childhood Hepatitis B Virus Infections in the United States Before Hepatitis B Immunization,”
Pediatrics
108 (2001 ): 1123-1128.
67
Risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer following childhood infection:
E. E. Mast and J. W. Ward, “Hepatitis B Vaccines,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008).
67
Risk of chronic disease:
Ibid.
67
Belkin holding CDC accountable:
“Vaccine Safety Group Endorses Government Action to Eliminate Mercury in Childhood Vaccines and Roll Back Hepatitis B Vaccination for Most Newborn Infants,”
PR Newswire
, July 8, 1999.
68
Belkin regarding junkies and homosexuals:
M. Benjamin, “UPI Investigates: The Vaccine Conflict,”
United Press International
, July 20, 2003.
68
Studies exonerate hepatitis B vaccine as cause of SIDS:
E. A. Mitchell, A. W. Stewart, and M. Clements, “Immunisation and the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: New Zealand Cot Death Study Group,”
Archives of Diseases of Childhood
73 (1995): 498-501; M. T. Niu, M. E. Salive, and S. S. Ellenberg, “Neonatal Deaths and Hepatitis B Vaccine: The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, 1991-1998,”
Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine
153 (1999): 1279-1282; E. M. Eriksen, J. A. Perlman, A. Miller, et al., “Lack of Association Between Hepatitis B Birth Immunization and Neonatal Death: A Population-Based Study from the Vaccine Safety DataLink Project,”
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
23 (2004): 656-662.
68
Biological arguments against hepatitis B vaccine as a cause of multiple sclerosis:
P. A. Offit and C. J. Hackett, “Addressing Parents’ Concerns: Do Vaccines Cause Allergic or Autoimmune Diseases?”
Pediatrics
111 (2003): 653-659.
68
Studies exonerating hepatitis B vaccine as a cause of multiple sclerosis:
A. Ascherio, S. M. Zhang, M. A. Hernan, et al., “Hepatitis B Vaccination and the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis,”
New England Journal of Medicine
344 (2001): 327-332; C. Confavreux, S. Suissa, P. Saddier, et al., “Vaccinations and the Risk of Relapse in Multiple Sclerosis,”
New England Journal of Medicine
344 (2001): 319-326.
68
Experience with hepatitis B vaccine:
E. E. Mast and J. W. Ward, “Hepatitis B Vaccines,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008).
69
Pneumococcal vaccine study:
S. Black, H. Shinefield, B. Fireman, et al., “Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Children: Northern California Kaiser Permanente Study Center Group,”
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
19 (2000): 183-186.
69
TV report on pneumococcal vaccine:
“New Pneumococcal Vaccine for Children,”
World News Tonight with Peter Jennings
, September 25, 1998.
70
Pneumococcal disease:
S. Black, J. Eskola, C. Whitney, and H. Shinefield, “Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine and Pneumococcal Common Protein Vaccines,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008).
71
Daum and “giant step”:
L. Richwine, “FDA Panel Deems New Vaccine Safe: Experts Called It Effective on Resistant Bacteria That Kill a Million Youths a Year,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, November 6, 1999.
71
Fisher and not enough evidence:
Ibid.
71
Fisher and “post-marketing experiment”:
“FDA Advisers Back Safety and Efficacy of Wyeth’s Pneumococcal Vaccine for Children,”
Reuters
, November 8, 1999.
71
Effect of pneumococcal vaccine:
S. Black, J. Eskola, C. Whitney, and H. Shinefield, “Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine and Pneumococcal Common Protein Vaccines,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008); T. Pillshvili, C. Lexau, M. M. Farley, et al., “Sustained Reductions in Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in the Era of Conjugate Vaccine,”
Journal of Infectious Diseases
201 (2010): 32-41.
72
Rotavirus vaccine and disease:
H. F. Clark, P. A. Offit, R. I. Glass, and R. M. Ward, “Rotavirus Vaccines,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008).
72
VAERS reports of intussusception following rotavirus vaccine:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “Intussusception Among Recipients of Rotavirus Vaccine—United States, 1998-1999,”
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
48 (1999): 577-581.
72
Rotavirus vaccine causes intussusception:
T. V. Murphy, P. M. Garguillo, M. S. Massoudi, et al., “Intussusception Among Infants Given an Oral Rotavirus Vaccine,”
New England Journal of Medicine
344 (2001): 564- 572; P. Kramarz, E. K. France, F. DeStefano, et al., “Population-Based Study of Rotavirus Vaccination and Intussusception,”
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
20 (2001): 410-416.
73
HPV disease:
J. T. Schiller, I. H. Frazer, and D. R. Lowry, “Human Papillomavirus Vaccines,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008).
73
HPV vaccine:
Ibid.
73
Fisher regarding flawed science:
“Merck’s Gardasil Vaccine Not Proven Safe for Little Girls; National Vaccine Information Center Criticizes FDA for Fast-Tracking Licensure,”
PR Newswire
, June 27, 2006.
74
Fisher and “death by Vioxx”:
“HPV Vaccine Now, HIV Vaccine Next,” posted by Barbara Loe Fisher, August 16, 2006,
http://www.vaccineawakening.blogspot.com
.
74
Fisher and “the slut shot”:
“The Slut Shot,” posted by Barbara Loe Fisher, August 17, 2006,
http://www.vaccineawakening.blogspot.com
.
74
Fisher and “the ‘cheaters’ vaccine”:
“The ‘Cheaters’ Vaccine: HPV,” posted by Barbara Loe Fisher, October 3, 2006,
http://www.vaccineawakening.blogspot.com
.
74
Epidemiology of HPV in American women:
H. Richardson, G. Kelsall, P. Tellier, et al., “Natural History of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Infections in Female University Students,”
Cancer Epidemiology Bio-markers and Prevention
12 (2003): 485-490; R. L Winer, S. K. Lee, J. P. Hughes, et al., “Genital Human Papillomavirus Infection: Incidence and Risk Factors in a Cohort of Female University Students,”
American Journal of Epidemiology
157 (2003): 218-226.
74
Fisher on TV:
CBS News Sunday Morning
, April 1, 2007.
74
CDC evaluates HPV vaccine safety:
http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety.vaers.gardasil.htm
.
74
HPV vaccine and GBS:
Ibid.; S. L. Block, D. R. Brown, A. Chatterjee, et al., “Clinical Trial and Post-Licensure Safety Profile of a Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus (Types 6, 11, 16, and 18) L1 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine,”
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
29 (2010): 95-101.
75
Fisher discounts coincidence:
“Gardasil Vaccine: The Damage Continues,” posted by Barbara Loe Fisher, August 15, 2008,
http://www.vaccineawakening.blogspot.com
.
75
Fisher and HPV vaccine causing cancer:
“Vaccine Safety Group Releases Gardasil Reaction Reports,”
PR Newswire
, February 21, 2007.
75
Fisher and chickenpox vaccine:
S. H. Trudeau, “Is There a Risk to Vaccines?”
Copley News Service
, January 12, 1998.
75
Chickenpox:
A. A. Gershon, M. Takahashi, and J. F. Seward, “Varicella Vaccine,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008).
75
Fisher and shifting burden of chickenpox by vaccine:
S. H. Trudeau, “Is There a Risk to Vaccines?”
Copley News Service
, January 12, 1998.
75
Chickenpox vaccine efficacy
: A. A. Gershon, M. Takahashi, and J. F. Seward, “Varicella Vaccine,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008).
76
Fisher and herd immunity:
H. Collins, “Life Giver or Life Taker: A Debate on the Value of Vaccines, Special Report, Immunizations: A Public Health Staple Comes Under Siege,”
Philadelphia Inquirer
, October 3, 1999.
76
Measles outbreak in the Netherlands:
S. von den Hof, M.A.E. Conyn-van Spaendonck, and J. E. van Steenbergen, “Measles Epidemic in the Netherlands: 1999-2000,”
Journal of Infectious Diseases
186 (2002): 1483-1486.
76
Fisher and unrealistic fear of disease:
K. G. Goff, “Measles Makes Unwelcome Return,”
Washington Times
, May 6, 2009.
76
Measles:
P. M. Strebel, M. J. Papania, G. H. Dayan, and N. A. Halsey, “Measles Vaccine,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008).
76
Fisher on virtue of natural influenza infection:
“Using Religion to Promote Flu Vaccine,” posted by Barbara Loe Fisher, January 20, 2007,
http://www.vaccineawakening.blogspot.com
.
76
Deaths from pandemic influenza, 2009:
www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/update.htm
.
77
Berkovic regarding guilt:
Author interview with Samuel Berkovic, November 27, 2009.
77
John Salamone’s background:
National Italian-American Foundation: John Salamone,
http://www.niaf.org/about/board_officers.asp
.
78
Salamone on son:
“Injected Polio Vaccine Winning Support,”
Baltimore Sun
, March 29, 1999.
78
Salamone and drunken sailor:
Ibid.
78
Salamone on son’s diagnosis:
Author interview with John Salamone, December 4, 2009. All other quotes from John Salamone in this chapter were obtained from this interview.
81
Fisher quotes Shakespeare:
H. L. Coulter and B. L. Fisher,
A Shot in the Dark: Why the P in the DPT Vaccination May Be Hazardous to Your Children’s Health
(Garden City Park, N.Y.: Avery Publishing, 1991).
81
Fisher accuses health officials of deception:
“Babies Die After MMR,” posted by Barbara Loe Fisher, June 19, 2006,
http://www.vaccineawakening.blogspot.com
.
82
Fisher accuses experts of not caring:
“Real Life Experience of a Vaccine Reaction,” posted by Barbara Loe Fisher, May 1, 2006,
http://www.vaccineawakening.blogspot.com
.
82
Fisher and Nazi Germany:
“Doctors Want Power to Kill Disabled Babies,” posted by Barbara Loe Fisher, November 5, 2006,
http://www.vaccineawakening.blogspot.com
.
83
Fisher and pencil pushers:
“Pencil Pushers Deny Vaccine/Optic Neuritis Link,” posted by Barbara Loe Fisher, June 19, 2006,
http://www.vaccineawakening.blogspot.com
.
83
Fisher and “bloodbath”:
Wingspread meeting headed by Dr. Roger Bernier, July 2002; personal communication from Dr. Deborah Wexler, April 9, 2010.
6. Justice
 
86
VICP:
G. Evans, E. M. Levine, and E. H. Saindon, “Legal Issues,” in
Vaccines
, 5th ed., eds. S. A. Plotkin, W. A. Orenstein, and P. A. Offit (London: Elsevier/Saunders, 2008).
BOOK: Deadly Choices: How the Anti-Vaccine Movement Threatens Us All
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