Five Billion Years of Solitude (48 page)

technological progress,
136
,
183

Urey on,
101
–3

and visibility of communication,
42
–43

technological singularity,
43
–44

tectonic plates,
30
,
105
,
111
,
128
,
140
,
144
,
169
,
172
,
176
,
179
,
229

telescopes,
34
–36,
51
,
61
,
99
,
170
–71,
199
,
201
–4,
206
,
208
,
211
–12,
223

active optics in,
204
–6,
208

Allen Array,
12
–14,
41
,
42

ATLAST,
198
,
203
,
230

Automated Planet Finder,
61
,
70
,
114

ExoplanetSat,
256
–57

Galileo’s use of,
81
–82,
210

Gemini,
199
–200,
203

in Great Observatories program,
192
,
197
,
209

Hubble,
189
–93,
195
,
197
–99,
205
–7,
209
,
218
–19,
226

James Webb (JWST),
193
–99,
202
–4,
209
,
215
,
216
,
218
,
220
,
225
,
262

Kasting and,
152
–54

Kepler,
13
–14,
53
–54,
56
,
62
,
71
–73,
98
,
108
–9,
166
,
201
,
225
,
229
–30,
263

mEarth Project,
228
–29

Sun as,
35
–37

Terrestrial Planet Finders,
see
Terrestrial Planet Finders

see also
observatories

Teller, Edward,
101

temperature-pressure profile,
157
–58

Terrestrial Planet Finders (TPFs),
165
–67,
184
,
194
,
196
–98,
214
–35,
241
,
242
,
263

coronagraphic,
217
–22,
224
,
231
,
249

interferometer concept for,
213
–14,
216
,
231

Seager’s work with,
225
–28,
232
–35,
249
–53,
255
–58,
262

starshade (occulter) concept for,
220
–21,
225

TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite),
229
–30

Thales,
77
–79,
238

Thébault, Philippe,
97

thermodynamic disequilibrium,
168
–69

Thoreau, Henry,
254

Time,
52

time, deep,
145
–46

time capsule,
100
–103

Todd, David Peck,
114

Toronto Sun,
74

transits,
53
,
56
,
84
–86,
114
–20,
204
,
229
–30,
251
,
263

Traub, Wesley,
217
–19,
221
–25,
235

travel, interstellar,
44
–45,
100
–101

tropopause,
158
–59

Tsiolkovsky, Konstantin,
186
–87,
199
,
225
,
231

Turner, Edwin,
249
–50

2063 A.D.,
100
–103

universe:

Big Bang and,
89
–91

evolution of,
88
–89

expansion of,
87
–90

inflation of,
89
–92

recombination in,
248
,
249

smoothness of,
89

universes, parallel,
90
–91

University of California,
113

University of California, Berkeley:

Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science,
48
,
74

Radio Astronomy Laboratory,
12

University of California, Santa Cruz,
107
–8

University of Vermont,
74
–75

Uranus,
109
–10

Urey, Harold,
15
,
19

2063 A.D.
entry of,
101
–3

Utt, James B.,
101

Valencia, Diana,
259

van de Kamp, Peter,
52
–53

Venera
13
,
50

Venus,
19
,
49
–50,
54
,
87
,
109
,
154
,
155
,
179
,
239

atmosphere of,
116
,
159
–60

climate of,
158
–59

Galileo’s study of,
81
–82

Kepler’s study of,
83
–84

Laughlin’s valuation of,
73

transits of,
83
–86,
114
–20

water on,
28
,
171
–72,
179

Vogt, Steve,
55
,
58
–64,
66
–70

Von Braun, Wernher,
1
,
151
,
186

Voyager missions,
35
,
239
–42

image of Earth from,
239
–42

phonograph records on,
240

Walden
(Thoreau),
254

Walden Pond,
254

Walker, James,
176
–79,
181

water,
157
,
170
–71

on Earth,
3
,
30
,
158
–61,
174
,
177
–80,
182

on Mars,
28
,
179

on Venus,
28
,
171
–72,
179

Wevrick, Mike,
244
–49,
251
–56,
264

illness and death of,
253
–56,
264
,
265

Seager’s marriage to,
249

Whipple, Fred,
100

Whitfield, Michael,
181
–82

Whitmire, Dan,
155
–56

Wiktorowicz, Sloane,
115
–19