Founders' Son: A Life of Abraham Lincoln (52 page)

101
    
come back to it repeatedly
1st Lincoln/Douglas Debate at Ottawa, Illinois, 8/21/58, SWI:527; Speech at Bloomington, 9/4/58, CWIII:89; 5th Lincoln/Douglas Debate at Galesburg, Illinois, SWI:717; Speech at Columbus, 9/16/59, SWII:58.

101
    
of every issue
Foner, 20.

Chapter Seven

105
    
“
as never before
”
Autobiography Written for Campaign, c. 6/60, SWII:167.

106
    
“
miss him very much
”
To John D. Johnston, 2/23/50, SWI:244.

106
    
“
was unanswerable
”
HI, 549.

106
    
“
Knows nothing of Lincoln
”
HI, 547.

106
    
“
he could not be scared
”
Eulogy on Zachary Taylor, Chicago, Illinois, 7/25/50, SWI:251.

107
    
references to his age
To William H. Herndon, 2/2/48, 7/10/48, SWI:174, 203.

107
    
“
a little engine that knew no rest
”
H, 304.

108
    
“
as he now is
”
Speech to the Scott Club of Springfield, Illinois, 8/14–26/52, SWI:273.

108
    
“
magnetism
”
H, 330.

110
    
“
interested in it
”
Jaffa, 155.

110
    
“
the whole controversy
”
Cutts, 122–123.

112
    
When speaking on the stump
Lehrman, 41–43.

112
    
“
new slavery agitation
”
Speech on the Kansas-Nebraska Act at Peoria, Illinois, 10/16/54, SWI:333.

113
    
“
in the state library
”
Lehrman, 44.

113
    
“
continue to speak
”
SWI:334, op. cit.; “is” before “his love of justice” in SWI is a mistake. See CWII:271.

113
    
“
Lincolnisms
”
Lehrman, 44.

113
    
“
making cheese
”
SWI:308, op. cit.

114
    
“
hogs and Negroes
”
Ibid., 325–326.

114
    
“
wild bears
”
Ibid., 326.

114
    
“
running at large
”
Ibid., 327.

115
    
“
that is despotism
”
Ibid., 328.

115
    
“
ONLY BY NECESSITY
”
Ibid., 309, 342, 338.

116
    
corrected the error
See letters to John L. Scripps, 6/16/60, and to James O. Putnam, 9/16/60, CWIV:77, 115.

116
    
“
no slave amongst them
”
SWI:309, op. cit.

116
    
“
slave of another
”
Ibid., 328.

117
    
“
fully, and firmly
”
Ibid., 332.

117
    
“
they would not go
”
Ibid., 338.

117
    
“
rest in peace
”
Ibid., 340.

117
    
“
ancient faith,” “old-time men
”
Ibid., 328–329.

117
    
“
bleed to death
”
Ibid., 338.

118
    
“
will not admit of ” complete equality
Ibid., 316.

118
    
“
blood, of the Revolution
”
Ibid., 339–340.

Chapter Eight

119
    
“
events have controlled me
”
To Albert G. Hodges, 4/4/64, SWII:586.

120
    
buying their votes
Pinsker, 18–19.

120
    
“
consented to it
”
To William H. Henderson, 2/21/55, SWI:357. Shields would go on to serve briefly as a senator from both Minnesota and Missouri, becoming the only man ever to be a US senator from three states.

121
    
“
backed with wrath
”
H, 312–313.

122
    
“
save every Whig
”
To Lyman Trumbull, 6/7/56, SWI:366.

123
    
“
bound to respect
”
Jaffa, 280.

123
    
“
to disband
”
Jaffa, 286.

124
    
“
is sustained
”
Fehrenbacher (
Prelude
), 134.

124
    
“
amalgamation
”
Donald, 201.

124
    
“
will not admit of ” racial equality
Speech on the Kansas-Nebraska Act at Peoria, Illinois, 10/16/54, SWI:316.

124
    
“
hatred of the negro
”
Foner, 109.

124
    
“
miscegenation
”
Foner, 309.

124
    
Lincoln answered
Speech on the Dred Scott Decision at Springfield, Illinois, 6/26/57, SWI:390–403.

127
    
Douglas responded
Sheahan, 319–320.

128
    
“
support to Mr. Douglas
”
Greeley, 357.

128
    
“
surrender at once
”
To Lyman Trumbull, 12/28/57, SWI:419.

129
    
“
only choice
”
Fehrenbacher (
Prelude
), 67.

129
    
Lincoln addressed them
“House Divided” speech, Springfield, Illinois, 6/16/58, SWI:426–434.

129
    
“
damned fool utterance
”
H, 326.

129
    
“
my natural life
”
Fragment on the Struggle Against Slavery, c. 7/58, SWI:438.

130
    
“
a hundred years
”
4th Lincoln/Douglas Debate, Charleston, Illinois, 9/18/58, SWI:677.

130
    
In a draft
Draft of a Speech, c. late 12/57, SWI:413. Governor John Quitman of Mississippi sponsored a revolution in Cuba; William Walker, a southern adventurer, tried to conquer Baja California, Nicaragua, and Honduras.

131
    
his published papers
See Moore, X:106–108. Buchanan’s letters are quoted to show that he did not meddle in the
Dred Scott
decision, yet they suggest the opposite.

132
    
texts of the debates
The standard printed texts of the Lincoln/Douglas debates follow the newspaper accounts that Lincoln put in his scrapbook, with some additions (Lincoln clipped out the crowd reactions). Below I give the reactions that were reported in the newspapers in brackets. I list debates by number (1st, 2nd, 3rd . . .) and their page numbers in SWI.

132
    
Republicans kept tabs
Fehrenbacher (
Prelude
), 113.

132
    
“
any way promoted
”
5th Debate, SWI:709.

133
    
“
on fire
”
Fehrenbacher (
Prelude
), 101.

133
    
“
the town together
”
1st Debate, SWI:500.

133
    
“
disgrace to white people
”
2nd Debate, SWI:556–557; 4th Debate, SWI:666.

133
    
“
almost white
”
4th Debate, SWI:672.

134
    
“
the superior position
”
1st Debate, SWI:513.

134
    
“
marrying together
”
1st Debate, SWI:517.

134
    
“
white people with negroes
”
4th Debate, SWI:637.

134
    
was constitutional
2nd Debate, SWI:538.

134
    
“
from its limits
”
2nd Debate, SWI:541–542.

134
    
“
local police regulations
”
2nd Debate, SWI:552.

135
    
“
every stump in Illinois
”
2nd Debate, SWI:551.

135
    
“
our fathers made it?
”
1st Debate, SWI:503.

135
    
“
that day and hour
”
3rd Debate, SWI:598–599. Benjamin Franklin had freed his slaves by 1776; George Wythe did so later.

136
    
“
at that time
”
6th Debate, SWI:765.

136
    
“
disapprobation
”
7th Debate, SWI:802.

136
    
“
for free society
”
7th Debate, SWI:794.

136
    
“
the course of ultimate extinction?
”
7th Debate, SWI:801.

137
    
“
existed among us
”
7th Debate, SWI: 802.

137
    
“
‘God was just’
”
5th Debate, SWI:702.

17
      
“
among possible events
”
J, 279.

137
    
“
oppressed of the whole earth
”
6th Debate, SWI:763.

138
    
“
same tyrannical principle
”
7th Debate, SWI:810–811.

138
    
the newly elected legislature
Fehrenbacher (
Prelude
), 114–120, analyzes the vote.

138
    
“
I am gone
”
To Anson G. Henry, 11/19/58, SWI:831; the next day, To Charles H. Ray, 11/20/59, SWI:832.

Chapter Nine

140
    
“
damned long-armed ape
”
Donald, 186.

140
    
“
observation and analysis
”
H, 478.

140
    
“
being President
”
H, 363.

141
    
“
to all men and all times
”
To Henry L. Pierce and Others, 4/6/59, SWII:19.

142
    
“
most insidious
”
To Steven Galloway, 7/28/59, SWII:27.

142
    
Douglas’s article
Douglas, 526.

143
    
“
they clung to freedom
”
Speech at Columbus, Ohio, 9/16/59, SWII:46–48.

143
    
“
hands to labor with
”
Speech at Cincinnati, Ohio, 9/17/59, SWII:85.

144
    
neither of them was a Christian
Both men esteemed Jesus, Jefferson as a moral teacher, Lincoln as a source of good words, but neither man considered Him his savior.

144
    
“
a bad tailor at that
”
Charles Francis Adams Jr., 59.

144
    
“
irrepressible conflict
”
Brookhiser (
Dynasty
), 127.

145
    
“
clumsy . . . gaunt
”
Donald, 238.

145
    
Lincoln’s speech
Address at Cooper Institute, New York City, 2/27/60, SWII:111–130.

148
    
“
since St. Paul
”
Holzer (
Cooper Union
), 146.

150
    
As he put it at Cooper
Op. cit., 120.

Chapter Ten

151
    
“
nosing
”
Lehrman, 44.

152
    
Lincoln glanced over
To Charles C. Nott, 9/6/60, CWIV:113; see also Holzer (
Cooper Union
), 221–226.

153
    
caught the error
Charles C. Nott to Lincoln, 8/28/60, CWIV:113.

153
    
“
confederation of free states
”
CWIII:550.

153
    
a speech Lyman Trumbull had given
Congressional Globe
, 36th Cong., 1st sess., 12/8/59, 60.

153
    
earlier in the 1850s
Dr. Nicole Seary found nine earlier citations of the bogus Washington letter in northern newspapers, going back to 1855, plus two articles in Democratic newspapers after the Cooper Union speech questioning the letter’s authenticity. See Brookhiser, “Abraham Lincoln’s Cooper Union Address.”