Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan (192 page)

8.
Collective authorship—a normal scientific practice—may have signified, in Hirohito's case, continuity with the prewar mindset of protecting the emperor from the buffeting criticism of fellow scientists in case any errors had inadvertently crept into his work. This is suggested by It
, “The Sh
wa Emperor Hirohito's Marine Biological Research.”

9.
Sand
Mainichi
, Oct. 1949, p. 5; “Kagakusha tenn
[Hirohito] no seitai,” in
Shins
, No. 36 (Dec. 1, 1949), p. 9; Komae Hisashi, “Heika to seibutsugaku,” in
Tenn
no insh
(S
gensha, 1949), pp. 150–64.

10.
Kenneth B. Pyle, “Meiji Conservatism,” in Marius B. Jansen, ed.,
The Cambridge History of Japan,
vol. 5,
The Nineteenth Century
(Cambridge University Press, 1989), p. 692.

11.
In 1935, at the height of the dispute over Minobe's “emperor organ theory,” members of the court entourage openly discussed, in Hirohito's presence, the whole issue of the legitimate line of succession. At that time the emperor reportedly said to his chief aide, Gen. Honj
Shigeru: “I think the decision as to the legitimate line of succession requires further study. Actually, I too am from the northern bloodline of descent. Of course, generally speaking, it doesn't make any difference, though it is odd.” Cited in Yoshida,
Sh
wa tenn
no sh
senshi
, p. 222.

12.
Nezu,
Tenn
to Sh
washi, j
, p. 15.