Master of the Senate (245 page)

Stepping down from dais:
Muskie interview.
Coming into cloakroom:
McPherson,
Political Education
, p. 184; Muskie, Hynes interviews.
“Those were”:
Lady Bird Johnson interview.

Robert A. Caro, who has won two Pulitzer prizes, was graduated from Princeton University, was for six years an award-winning investigative reporter for
Newsday
, and was a Nieman Fellow at Harvard University.

To create
The Power Broker
, Caro spent seven years tracing and talking with hundreds of men and women who worked with, for, or against Robert Moses, and examining mountains of files never before opened to the public.
The Power Broker
won both the Pulitzer Prize for Biography and the Francis Parkman Prize, awarded by the Society of American Historians to the book that “exemplifies the union of the historian and the artist.” It was chosen by Modern Library as one of the hundred greatest nonfiction books of the twentieth century.

To research
The Years of Lyndon Johnson
, Caro and his wife, Ina, moved from his native New York City to the Texas Hill Country and then to Washington, D.C., to live in the locales in which Johnson grew up and in which he built, while still young, his first political machines. He has spent years examining documents at the Johnson Library in Austin and interviewing men and women connected with Johnson’s life, many of whom had never before been interviewed. The first volume of the Johnson work,
The Path to Power
, won the National Book Critics Circle Award for the best nonfiction work of 1982. The second volume,
Means of Ascent
, won the National Book Critics Circle Award for 1990. In preparation for writing
Master of the Senate
, the third volume, Caro immersed himself in the world of the United States Senate, spending week after week in the gallery, in committee rooms, in the Senate Office Building, and interviewing hundreds of people, from pages and cloakroom clerks to senators and administrative aides.
Master of the Senate
won the 2002 National Book Award for Nonfiction and the 2003 Pulitzer Prize for Biography.

Among the numerous other awards Caro has won are the H. L. Mencken Award, the Carr P. Collins Award from the Texas Institute of Letters, and an Award in Literature from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters.

His website is
www.robertcaro.com
.

Insert I follows page 196; insert II follows page 612.

Carl Albert Center, Congressional Archives, University of Oklahoma: I 9 top AP/Wide World Photos: I 10 top; II 2 bottom left, 3 top, 4 bottom, 8 top, 12–13, 14 top, 15 top, 16

Bettmann/Corbis: I 7 top, 8; II 2 top

Boston Art Commission 2001: I 2–3 top

© 1951 SEPS: Licensed by Curtis Publishing Co., Indianapolis, IN.
www.curtispublishing.com
: II 1

Lyndon Baines Johnson Library: I 9 bottom, 10 bottom, 11, 12 both, 13 all (bottom, George Tames), 14 all, 15 both (Frank Muto), 16 (Frank Muto); II 4 top, 5 left top and bottom and right bottom, 7 (© Gittings), 9 top right, 10 both, 11 top left and right, 14 bottom, 15 bottom

Library of Congress: I 4 bottom, 5 both

© Arnold Newman / Getty Images: I 1

© 1951 Newsweek, Inc. All rights reserved. Reprinted by permission: II 2 bottom right

New York Times
, George Tames: I 7 bottom; II 6

TimePix: I 6 (Hank Walker); II 3 bottom (Mark Kauffman), 5 right top (Mark Kauffman) and right center (Ralph Morse), 8 left (Paul Schutzer) and right bottom (Ralph Morse), 9 top left (Paul Schutzer) and bottom (Hank Walker), 11 right center (Grey Villet) and bottom (Mark Kauffman)

U.S. Senate Collection: I 2 bottom, 4 top

Above: Webster Replying to Hayne
, by George P. A. Healy. Vice President John C. Calhoun, at far left, presides in the old Senate Chamber, January, 1830.

Opposite: The United States Senate, A.D. 1850
, engraved by Robert Whitechurch after a painting by Peter Rothermel. Henry Clay presents his compromise to the Senate, presided over by Vice President Millard Fillmore. Calhoun is to the right of Fillmore, and Daniel Webster is seated at left, head in hand.

Above: Senate as a Court of Impeachment for the Trial of Andrew Johnson
, 1868, after Theodore Davis.
Below:
Keppler’s
The Bosses of the Senate, Puck
magazine, 1889

The Senate Four: left to right, Orville H. Platt, John C. Spooner, William B. Allison, and Nelson W. Aldrich, at Aldrich’s Newport, Rhode Island, estate, 1903

Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, right, talks to newsmen during Senate debate over the Treaty of Versailles, 1919.

A Russell of the Russells of Georgia

Richard Brevard Russell Jr. being sworn in as Governor of Georgia by the Chief Justice of the Georgia Supreme Court, Richard Brevard Russell Sr., June 27, 1931

Russell and Johnson at a Washington Senators baseball game in 1955

The Orator of the Dawn: Hubert Humphrey, the fiery mayor of Minneapolis, fighting for a strong civil rights plank at the 1948 Democratic National Convention