Milosevic (65 page)

7.
Louis Sell,
Slobodan Milosevic and the Death of Yugoslavia
(Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2002), p. 331.

8.
High-level Serbian source, author interview, March 2002.

9.
High-level Serbian source, author interview, March 2002.

10.
Graham Blewitt, author interview, The Hague, April/May 2002.

11.
‘Milosevic Faces A New Challenge', Associated Press, 3 March 2000.

12.
Roger Cohen, ‘Who Really Brought Down Milosevic',
New York Times
, 26 November 2000.

13.
Gene Sharp,
From Dictatorship to Democracy
, (Boston, MA: Albert Einstein Institution, 1993).

14.
British diplomat, author interview, Belgrade, November 2001.

15.
Senior US official; author interview, May 2002.

16.
High-level Serbian source, author interview, March 2002.

17.
Takis Michas,
Unholy Alliance: Greece and Milosevic's Serbia during the Nineties
, (College Station, Texas: A&M University Press, 2002). See also review by Tim Judah:
www.tol.cz

18.
Matic Slovoljub, author interview, Pozarevac, August 2001.

19.
Mira Markovic, author interview, Belgrade, March 2002.

20.
Blane Harden, ‘The Unrepentant',
New York Times
Sunday magazine, 20 January 2002.

21.
Mira Markovic, author interview, Belgrade, March 2002.

22.
Slavoljub Djukic,
Milosevic and Markovic: A Lust for Power
(Montreal and London: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2001), page 146.

23.
Dessa Trevisan, author interview, London, December 2001.

24.
Dusan Mitevic, author interviews; Budapest, autumn 2001–spring 2002.

25.
Ivan Stambolic, in Louis Sell,
Slobodan Milosevic and the Death of Yugoslavia
(Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2002), p. 337.

26.
Paul Watson, ‘US Aid to Milosevic's Foes is Criticised as “Kiss of Death”',
Los Angeles Times
, 28 August 2000.

27.
Louis Sell, ibid., p. 342.

28.
Senior British diplomat, author interview, March 2002.

29.
Dusan Stojanovic, ‘Milosevic's Final Days: From Arrogance to Panic to Disgrace', Associated Press (Belgrade Bureau), 7 October 2000.

30.
Dragan Bujosevic and Ivan Radovanovic,
October 5: A 24-Hour Coup
(Belgrade: Belgrade Media Centre, 2001), p. 52. The author has drawn on this fine account for many details of the fateful day.

31.
Elias Canetti,
Crowds and Power
(London: Phoenix Press, 1998 edition), p. 59.

32.
Dragan Bujosevic and Ivan Radovanovic, op. cit., p. 143.

33.
Dusan Mitevic, author interviews, Budapest, summer 2001–spring 2002.

34.
Steven Erlanger and Roger Cohen, ‘From a Summons to a Slap: How the Fight in Yugoslavia was won',
New York Times
, 15 October 2000.

Chapter 25

1.
Reginald Wyon,
The Balkans from Within
(London: James Finch & Co., 1904), p. 38.

2.
Paul Gallagher, Reuters, The Hague, 8 February 2002.

3.
Dragan Stojkovic, ‘Like A Freak Show',
Transitions Online
(
www.tol.cz
), 24, May 24 2002.

4.
Details of arms found in Milosevic household as reported by Carlotta Gall and Steven Erlanger, in the
New York Times
, 2 April 2001.

5.
See Appendix: 2.

6.
Mira Markovic, author interview, Belgrade, March 2002.

7.
Zorka Milin, ‘Slobodan Snores!', IWPR Tribunal Update, July 16–21, part one, 2001,
www.iwpr.net
.

8.
Roy Gutman and Rod Nordland, ‘Body of Evidence',
Newsweek
, 23 July 2001.

9.
Milosevic Court Appearance, Associated Press, 3 July 2000.

10.
Senior British diplomat, author interview, November 2001.

11.
Slobodan Milosevic indictments. IT-02-54. ‘Kosovo'.
www.un.org/icty

12.
Mirko Klarin, ‘Rugova Recounts “Cordial” Milosevic Meeting', Tribunal bulletin, 29 April–4 May 2002,
www.iwpr.net

13.
Noel Malcolm,
Kosovo: A Short History
(London: Macmillan, 1998) pp. 309–10. Though it should be pointed out that most of the Jewish community in Albania proper was hidden and saved from the Nazis.

14.
Slobodan Milosevic indictments. IT-02-54. ‘Croatia'.

15.
Graham Blewitt, author interview, The Hague, April/May 2002.

16.
‘Pax Americana',
The Death of Yugoslavia
, episode six.

17.
Vjera Bogati, IWPR Tribunal Update, No. 265, 6–11 May 2002,
www.iwpr.net
.

18.
Mira Markovic, author interview, Belgrade, March 2002.

19.
Blane Harden, ‘The Unrepentant',
New York Times
Sunday magazine, 20 January 2002.

Afterword

1.
Beta news agency report, Belgrade, 15 April 2003.

2.
Alex Todorovic, ‘Two Hundred Arrested as Serbs Hunt Assassins',
Daily Telegraph
, 15 March 2003. Mihajlovic's menacing statement was perhaps an unintended reminder that his New Democracy party had joined the Milosevic regime in a coalition in the latter years of his rule, and had helped keep the former Serbian leader in power.

3.
Stevan Zivanovic, ‘Serb PM Killed to Avoid War Crimes Charges', UPI Belgrade Bureau, 9 April 2003.

4.
Serbian government website, ‘Zemun Gang Made Millions from Drug Sales', 23 March 2003.
www.serbia.sr.gov.yu/
news/2003-03/23/328326.html

5.
B-92 news, Belgrade, 9 April 2003.

6.
Reuters report, Belgrade, 14 April 2003.

7.
ICTY Case No. IT-02-54-T, Slobodan Milosevic. Prosecution's Second Pre-Trial Brief (Croatia and Bosnia Indictments), p. 9. Filed on 31 May 2002.

8.
Mirko Klarin, ‘Analysis: New Phase in Milosevic Trial',
IWPR Tribunal Update
281, 27 September 2002.

9.
ICTY Milosevic case transcript, pp. 10309-10310. 27 September 2002.

10.
Guardian staff and agencies, ‘Milosevic Returns to the Dock', the
Guardian
, 9 January 2003.

11.
Chris Stephen, ‘Courtside: Serbia's Dirty War',
IWPR Tribunal Update
309, 14 April 2003.

12.
Ambrose Evans-Pritchard, ‘Milosevic Accused of “Pulling Strings” in Croatia's Serb Uprising',
Daily Telegraph
, 7 December 2002.

13.
Mirko Klarin, ‘Milosevic Trial: Protected Witness Goes Public',
IWPR Tribunal Update
292, 2 December 2002.

14. BBC News, 6 February 2003.
news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/
europe/2733575.stm

15.
Mirko Klarin, ‘Milosevic Trial Enters Second Year',
IWPR Tribunal Update
299, 7 February 2003.

16.
ICTY Case No. IT-02-54, Slobodan Milosevic. Croatia indictment, Annex 1 – Victims, Lovas Minefield, paragraph 52.

17.
Mirko Klarin, ‘Milosevic Insider Details Serbian Crimes',
IWPR Tribunal Update
300, 15 February 2003.

18.
ICTY Milosevic case transcript, pp. 8685-8694. 25 July 2002.

19.
Adam LeBor, ‘Former Serb leader “haunted by role in ethnic cleansing”',
The Times
, 18 December 2002.

20.
Adam LeBor, ‘War Crimes Tribunal Jails the “Iron Lady” of the Balkans',
The Times
, 28 February 2003.

21.
Author interview, Belgrade. March 2002.

22.
Author interview, Belgrade. March 2002.

23.
Author interview, Belgrade. November 2001.

Appendix 1

1.
Klara Mandic, author interview, Belgrade, March 1993. See also ‘The Jewish Question', Adam LeBor,
The Times
Magazine, May 8 1993. All Mandic quotes from this interview.

2.
The Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial Museum in Jerusalem records 213 Yugoslavs, of all nationalities, as ‘Righteous Among the Nations', who risked their lives to save Jews in the Second World War. By comparison, for example, there are 336 Germans, 5,373 Poles and the comparatively high number of 56 Albanians, even though there were only a handful of Jews in Albania.

3.
Misa Levi, author interview, Belgrade, November 2001.

4.
Aca Singer, author interview, Belgrade, November 2001. All Singer quotes from this interview.

5.
Marcus Tanner,
Croatia: A Nation Forged In War
(New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1997), p. 228.

6.
Franjo Tudjman,
Wastelands of Historical Reality
(Zagreb: Matice Hrvatske, 1990), p. 319.

7.
On one level, the Serb propaganda worked. The American photographer Mark Milstein was based in Sarajevo for lengthy periods of time during the Bosnian war. He would pass effortlessly through Serb checkpoints, by merely saying the word ‘Yevrei', meaning ‘Jewish'.

8.
As told to the author, Belgrade, March 1993.

9.
Hrvoje Sarinic, author interview, Samobor, Croatia, September 2001. All Sarinic quotes taken from this interview.

10.
Netherlands Institute for War Documentation,
Srebrenica, A ‘Safe Area'
(Amsterdam: Boom, April 2002). Supplement,
Intelligence and the War in Bosnia 1992–1995
, pp. 215–16. Jezdimir Vasiljevic, head of the Jugoskandik pyramid scheme, is named as the go-between of Belgrade and Israel.

11.
Serbian Public Revenue Agency,
The Seven Biggest Swindles of the Milosevic Regime
, p. 16.

12.
Misa Levi, author interview, Belgrade, November 2001.

Books

Aarons, Mark and Loftus, John,
Unholy Trinity: The Vatican, the Nazis and the Swiss Banks
. New York: St Martins Griffin, 1998.

Allcock, John B., Milivojevic, Marko and Horton, John J., eds,
Conflict in the Former Yugoslavia: An Encyclopaedia
. Denver, Santa Barbara, Oxford: ABC-CLIO, 1998.

Almond, Mark,
Europe's Backyard War: The War in the Balkans
. London: Mandarin, 1994.

Andric, Ivo,
The Bridge on the Drina
. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997.

Arendt, Hannah,
Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil
. London: Penguin, 1994.

Avramov, Dr Smilja,
Genocide in Yugoslavia
. Belgrade: BIGZ, 1995.

Beloff, Nora,
Tito's Flawed Legacy: Yugoslavia and the West: 1939 to 1984
. London: Victor Gollancz, 1985.

Bennett, Christopher,
Yugoslavia's Bloody Collapse: Causes, Course and Consequences
. London: C. Hurst and Company, 1995.

Boyes, Roger,
The Hard Road to Market
. London: Secker and Warburg, 1990.

Bujosevic, Dragan and Radovanovic, Ivan,
October 5: A 24-Hour Coup
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Canetti, Elias,
Crowds and Power
. London: Phoenix Press, 2000.

Clark, General Wesley K.,
Waging Modern War
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Cohen, Lenard, J.,
Serpent in the Bosom: The Rise and Fall of Slobodan Milosevic
. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 2001.

Collin, Matthew,
This is Serbia Calling: Rock ‘n' roll Radio and Belgrade's Underground Resistance
. London: Serpent's Tail, 2001.

De Jonge, Alex,
Stalin and the Shaping of the Soviet Union
. London: Fontana, 1987.

Djilas, Milovan,
The New Class: An Analysis of the Communist System
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Djukic, Slavoljub,
Milosevic and Markovic: A Lust for Power
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Doder, Dusko and Branson, Louise,
Milosevic: Portrait of a Tyrant
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Draskovic, Vuk,
Knife
. New York: The Serbian Classics Press, 2000.

Glenny, Misha,
The Balkans 1804 – 1999: Nationalism, War and the Great Powers
. London: Granta, 2000.

Glenny, Misha,
The Fall of Yugoslavia
. London: Penguin, 1992.

Goodwin, Jason,
Lords of the Horizons: A History of the Ottoman Empire
. London: Vintage 1999.

Gordy, Eric D.,
The Culture of Power in Serbia: Nationalism and the Destruction of Alternatives
. University Park, Pa: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999.

Hall, Brian,
The Impossible Country: A Journey Through the Last Days of Yugoslavia
. London: Secker and Warburg, 1994.

Halpern, Joel M., and Kideckel, David A.,
Neighbours at War: Anthropological Perspectives on Yugoslav Ethnicity, Culture and History
. University Park, Pa: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000.

Holbrooke, Richard,
To End A War
. New York: The Modern Library, 1999.

Jovic, Borisav,
The Last Days of Yugoslavia
(Serbian language edition). Kragujevac: Prisma, 1996.

Judah, Tim,
The Serbs
. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2000.

Judah, Tim,
Kosovo: War and Revenge
. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2000.

LeBor, Adam,
A Heart Turned East: Among the Muslims of Europe and America
. London: Little, Brown, 1997.

LeBor, Adam and Boyes, Roger,
Surviving Hitler: Choice, Corruption and Compromise in the Third Reich
. London: Simon and Schuster, 2000,