Sex at Dawn: The Prehistoric Origins of Modern Sexuality (52 page)

Burma, 140

Buss, David, 53, 55, 141–45

butt bra, 260,
261

butt-crack, 260, 337n

buttocks, 260,
261

Caesar, Julius, 95

Caesar and Cleopatra
(Shaw), 172

Cai Hua, 129

California, 140, 205

Cambridge University, 161

Campbell, Joseph, 22

Canada, 190

cancer, 206, 209, 238, 297–98

Canela, 103, 120, 138, 146

Cantet, Laurent, 345n

Carter, C. Sue, 136

Cartwright, Samuel, 118

Case of the Female Orgasm, The
(Lloyd), 342n casual sexuality, 6, 9–10, 69, 93, 120, 137, 179, 302

of Mosuo, 127–31

Catholic Church, 3, 157, 281, 306–7

Caton, Hiram, 320n

Caucasians, 241

Central America, 99–100, 253

Cernunnos,
341n

cervical canal, 234

cervix, 265, 266

Chagnon, Napoleon, 183, 194–97, 334
n
Chamberlain, Wilt, 218

Chapin, Henry, 111

Cherlin, Andrew J., 41

Chernela, Janet, 108

Chesterton, G. K., 19, 134

child abuse, 3, 38, 281, 283, 284–88

child care, 6, 94, 105–6, 128, 149, 179

children, 99, 101, 105–12, 148, 162, 306, 310

divorce and, 300

Harris lines in, 173

illegitimate, 322
n

immunity of, 275, 276

see also
infanticide; infant mortality; paternity certainty; pregnancy

Chile, 327
n

chimpanzees, 61–76,
62,
70, 191, 216–20, 224, 246, 258, 320n, 336
n,
337
n

body-size dimorphism in, 216–19

bonobos compared with, 69–72,
77–78,
97, 101

copulation duration in, 236,
236

female sexual capacity of, 12, 69, 239, 268

food sharing of, 67, 70

humans compared with, 1, 61–65, 67, 68, 73,
77–78,
84, 225, 234, 240, 242, 243, 245–46, 260, 263, 332
n
multimale-multifemale mating

systems of, 45,
66

orgasm in, 263, 342
n

penis of,
235,
236

separation of bonobos from, 62, 74, 318
n
sperm competition and,
230

swellings of, 260, 261

testicles of, 10, 220, 223, 225, 226–27, 234, 240

violence and war of, 64–65, 67–70, 186–90, 193, 197–98, 332
n
–33
n

China, 126–31, 191, 241, 344
n

abortions in, 335
n

infanticide in, 204

Chivers, Meredith, 272–73, 278

Christianity, 97, 157, 164, 321n

chromosomes, 238, 239

circumcision, 286–87

civilization, 181, 209, 328
n

masturbation and, 249

poverty and, 161, 163

clan affiliations, 108

“classic explanation” (Fisher), 59, 60

climate change, 191, 328
n

clitorectomies, 250–51

clitoris, 140, 250–52, 287, 340
n
–41
n
Cochran, Gregory, 226

Cohen, Sheldon, 208

Colapinto, John, 121

Colbert, Stephen T., 269

colds, 206, 208

college students, as research subjects, 142–43

Colombo, Matteo Realdo, 251–52

Columbus, Christopher, 207

commitment, 23, 57, 128

communism, 171–72

community, 8, 162, 167, 171, 212, 310

meme and, 166

companionship, 2, 31, 81

competition,
66,
158, 162, 180, 188, 327
n
–28
n
female, 55

male, 42, 43, 55, 76, 101, 133, 216–22, 225, 235

sperm,
see
sperm competition

Comstock, Anthony, 287–88

conception, 90–91, 96, 262, 266

condoms, 240–41, 262, 267, 283

confirmation bias, 117

Congo, Democratic Republic of (formerly Zaire), 71

Conjugal Lewdness
(Defoe), 122

consortship, 116

Constant Battles
(Le Blanc), 23

continual responsiveness, 101

Cook, James, 95

Coolidge, Calvin, 288–89

Coolidge effect, 289–93, 297

cooperation, 70, 188, 223

of bonobos, 64

in child care, 105–6

human, 65,
66,
68, 75, 77, 100, 102, 105–6, 139, 151, 160, 168, 177–78, 212

copulatory plugs, 234

Cortés, Hernán, 19, 34

cortisol, 208

cosmology, 3–4

crime, 283, 344
n

Crocker, Jean, 103, 120

Crocker, William, 103, 120, 146

Crystal, Billy, 256

cultural influence, 22, 23, 37–38, 83, 241–42, 274, 284

Curripaco, 119

Dagara, 105–6

D’Aluisio, Faith, 21

Daly, Martin, 49, 227

Danes, 237

Dangerfield, Rodney, 288

Darkness in El Dorado
(Tierney), 195, 334
n
Dark Side of Man, The
(Ghiglieri), 23, 186–87

Darwin, Charles, 4, 23, 25–33, 42–44, 100, 136, 153–60, 219–22, 243, 316
n,
337
n

autobiography of, 30, 154

on equality, 163

on female reticence, 27, 39, 40, 42, 51, 96, 229, 266

on harem-based system, 217

on jealousy, 138

kinship terms and, 108

Malthus’s influence on, 27, 154, 155, 164, 326
n
on mother-child bond, 106–7

natural selection and, 33, 35–36, 42, 99, 155

respect for Morgan, 43, 44

sexual experience of, 31, 288

sexual selection and, 26, 39, 42, 221, 266

Darwin, Emma Wedgwood, 31, 221

Darwin, Erasmus (grandfather), 29, 30, 36, 316
n
–17
n
Darwin, Erasmus (Charles’s brother), 316
n,
326
n
Darwin, Henrietta (Etty), 30

Davenport, William, 294

Dawkins, Richard, 68, 148, 153, 166, 177–78

de Bernières, Louis
(Corelli’s Mandolin),
301

Deacon, Terrence W., 84

deceptiveness, 35, 38

Decreta
and
Cum in unum
(papal decree), 3

Defoe, Daniel, 122

Demonic Males
(Wrangham and Peterson), 23, 186, 187

demons, 252, 253

dental eruption, 205

Depardieu, Gérard, 20

depression, 267, 297–98

Descent of Man, The
(C. Darwin), 25, 30, 155, 266

DeSteno, David A., 144–45

Destroying Angel, The
(Money), 286

detribalization, 22, 165

Devil, 252, 341
n

de Waal, Franz, 53, 69, 76–77, 178, 188, 319
n,
333
n
on bonobos, 69, 71, 72, 75, 96–97, 101, 339
n
on pair bonds, 77, 115

on promiscuity, 225

Diamond, Jared, 9, 175, 222, 329n

Diamond, Lisa, 278

Dickson Mounds, 173–74

“Discourse on the Origin of Inequality” (Rousseau), 87

disease, 10, 174, 202, 203, 206–10,
207,
334n heart, 162, 206, 209, 210, 238, 297–98

hysteria, 247–48, 250, 251

masturbation and, 250

slavery and, 118, 254

syphilis, 130, 206, 250

testosterone and, 297–98

tuberculosis, 178–79, 206,
207

“Diseases and Peculiarities of the Negro Race” (Cartwright), 118

divorce, 4, 41–42, 97, 119, 120, 122, 299–300

Dixon, Dwight, 308

Dixon, Joan, 308

Dixson, Alan F., 45, 234, 257, 265, 266, 339
n
on female orgasm, 263, 342
n

on paraphilias, 280

DNA, 61–62, 70, 136–37, 158, 159–60, 264, 330
n
environmental catastrophe and, 160, 191

in sperm cells, 237, 238

testicles and, 226–27, 243

dolphins, 320
n

dominance:

female, 71–72, 133–34

male, 75, 133, 218, 229

Dongba, 127

Donne, John, 213

dopamine, 168

double-blind methodology, 117

double standard, 26, 35

drapetomania,
118, 254

Drucker, Doris, 111

Druckerman, Pamela, 303

Dugum Dani, 184–85,
184,
331n

Dunbar, Robin, 171

Dunbar’s number, 171

dysaethesia aethiopica,
118

East Anglia, University of, 328n

Easton, Dossie, 310

Ebola, 207

Ecological Implications of Minilivestock
(Paoletti), 21

economic game theory, 49, 52

economics, 166–72, 328n

Homo economicus
and, 166–68

scarcity-based, 180

sexual, 48–51

tragedy of the commons and, 169–70

ecosystems, 160

Ecuador, 206

Edgerton, Robert, 124, 192–93, 207

egalitarianism, 93, 162, 163, 166, 176, 179, 182–83, 333
n
fierce, 9, 11, 100–101

Egalitarians, The
(Power), 187–89

eggs (ovum), 25, 53, 55, 220, 226, 235, 265, 266, 267

Egypt, 119–20

Einstein, Albert, 113

ejaculations, 12, 86, 220–21, 222, 227–29, 231, 235, 243

chemicals in, 228

copulation calls and, 258

health and, 238

seminal volume in, 236

Elders, Joycelyn, 287

Encounters at the End of the World,
135

Encyclopedia of Human Evolution,
339
n
enemas, 286

Engels, Friedrich, 43

England, 157, 164, 181, 191

commons in, 169, 170

environment, 84, 101, 241–42

body and, 215

catastrophes and, 160, 191, 328n

genetics and, 36

toxins in, 237, 240, 340n

Ephron, Nora, 292

erections, 233, 286–87

Erikson, Philippe, 94, 108

Essay on the Principle of Population,
An
(Malthus), 154–55, 169

estrogen-like compounds, 237

Ethical Slut, The
(Easton and Liszt), 310

Europe, 142, 159, 207, 241, 289, 294, 327n, 332n foundling hospitals of, 111, 203

medieval, 252

Eve’s Seed
(McElvaine), 111

evolution, 46, 58

Darwin’s views on, 27–33, 35–36

rapid change in, 226–27

evolutionary psychology (EP), 23, 36–39, 42, 48–53, 114, 122, 177, 214, 322n

human universal and, 115

paternity certainty and, 49

Evolution of Cooperation, The
(Axelrod), 168

Evolution of Human Sexuality, The
(Symons), 51, 57–58, 126, 295–96

exclusivity, sexual, 48–50, 97, 98, 122, 136

extinction, 160, 191, 293, 327n–28n

extra-pair copulations (EPCs), 57, 96, 121, 125

Fagan, Brian, 319n, 328n

Fall, the, 35, 81–82

family, 2, 6, 41, 53, 75, 107, 109–12, 276, 293, 297, 300

Morgan’s views on, 43

Mosuo, 127, 128

nuclear, 4, 5, 34, 54,
66,
77, 106, 109–10, 115, 116, 117, 216, 219, 242, 246, 263, 306, 310

polyamorous, 305–6, 310

family values, 3

famine, 21–22, 154, 169–70

fascinum,
233

fathers, 108, 109, 112, 128

multiple, 92, 94, 320n

see also
paternity; paternity certainty fear, 147–48, 327n

Feinstein, David, 32

Female Choices
(Small), 116

Ferguson, Brian, 193, 194, 334n

fertility, 124, 220, 237–40, 260–62, 292, 341n fertilization, 264–65, 266

fetus, 90–91, 105

fidelity, sexual, 10, 120–21, 129, 305, 309, 310, 311

female, 7, 15, 48–50, 54, 142

finches, 36, 243

Finkel, Michael, 323n

Finkers, Juan, 195

Fisher, Helen, 34, 49, 59, 60, 72–76, 114, 137, 305

Fisher, Maryanne, 325n

Fisher, Terry, 277

FitzRoy, Robert, 164

Flanagan, Caitlin, 302–3

Flatheads, 325n

Flaubert, Gustave, 253

Flintstones, The,
32, 317n

Flintstonization, 31–36, 48, 75, 76, 107, 117

Florida State University, 52

Flynt, Larry, 5

food, 8, 49, 54, 59, 125–26, 139, 149, 160, 173–76, 302, 328n, 331n

caloric reduction and, 208–9

conflict over, 160, 188, 190

Garden of Eden and, 81–82

masturbation and, 288, 345n

sexual anatomy and, 237, 240, 242

sharing of, 6, 11, 34, 67, 70,
78,
99–100, 141, 174, 179

surplus and storage of, 68, 173, 174

taste in, 20–22, 165

see also
agriculture

food additives, 237, 240

Food and Drug Administration, 21

foraging, 9, 11–14, 21, 44, 54, 67, 76, 82, 93, 131–32, 173–77, 179–81, 205–6, 210, 315
n,
344
n
delayed-return (complex), 11n

egalitarianism and, 9, 11, 100–101, 176, 179, 182–83

immediate-return (simple), 11
n,
190, 330
n,
331
n
infanticide and, 203

population growth and, 156, 159, 326
n,
327
n
research subjects and, 143–44

sedentary, 330
n
–31
n

social life and, 87–88, 94, 100, 139, 160

transition to farming from, 8, 83, 173–75, 319
n,
328
n
uneconomic man and, 181

war and, 182–85,
184,
190, 193, 330
n
–31
n
Ford, Clellan, 96

foundling hospitals, 111, 203, 322
n

Fourier, Charles, 43

Fowles, John, 28, 316n

France, 157, 203, 303

Franklin, Benjamin, 113, 322n

Freeman, Derek, 321n

French Lieutenant’s Woman, The
(Fowles), 28

Freud, Sigmund, 28, 43, 271, 279, 288

Friedman, David, 233–34

Fromm, Erich, 179

fruit flies, sperm of, 229–30

frustration, sexual, 282–83, 284, 344
n
illness and, 10, 247

Fry, Doug, 193

Fuegia, Fuegians, 164

Galápagos, 36, 243

Galileo Galilei, 3, 254

Gallup, Gordon G., 235, 267

Galton, Francis, 37

gangbang, 231

Garber, Paul, 188

Garden of Eden, 81–82

Gawande, Atul, 319
n
–20
n