Six Days (58 page)

‘On 8 June': Summary of Proceedings, Court of Enquiry, 28 June 1967, NSF, Box 109.

‘
Liberty
had been redeployed': see
www.ussliberty.org
.

‘At 1350': transcript in Cristol, pp. 210–23; also in Bregman, pp. 121–2.

‘The man looking through the next': details from
Dead in the Water.

‘James Halman, one of the radio': James Ennes,
Assault on the Liberty,
quoted in Bamford, p. 212.

‘
Liberty
was still trying': details from
Dead in the Water.

‘When we received word': see
www.ussliberty.org
.

‘Before the torpedo attack': flag details from report by Clark Clifford, chairman of President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board, 18 July 1967, NSF, Box 115.

‘Walt Rostow dictated': Memos from Rostow to President, 8 June 1967, NSC, Box 18.

‘An hour or so later': ibid.

‘They ordered them to': Cable from flagship COMSIXTHFLT, 8 June 1967, NSF, Box 107.

‘The commander of the Sixth Fleet': Memo for the record, ‘The USS Liberty (AGTR-5), struck by Torpedo', 8 June 1967, NSF, Box 107.

‘Secretary of Defense': details from
Dead in the Water.

‘Tersely, he cabled': Cairo Cable 8705 to State 8 June 1967, NSC, Box 24.

‘On Cairo Radio': excerpt of commentary by Ahmed Said, Cairo Radio in Arabic, SWB Vol. 2479-2504, 1–30 June 1967.

‘In the Situation Room': Memo, 8 June 1967, NSC, Box 18.

‘The next morning': handwritten notes of NSC Special Committee meeting, 9 June 1967, NSC, Box 19.

‘Rusk always believed': Rusk, p. 338.

‘Letters of apology': Letters, 8 June 1967, NSC, Box 18.

‘Secretary of State Rusk replied': Memo, 10 June 1967, NSF, Box 107.

‘Israel's first response': Minutes of Special Committee, 12 June 1967, NSC, Box 19.

‘they might find it hard': President's evening reading, 16 June 1967, NSC, Box 19.

‘Israel accepted full responsibility': details of Israel's explanations from report by Clark Clifford, 18 July 1967, NSF, Box 115.

‘On the face of it': Report by Clark Clifford, 18 July 1967, NSF, Box 115.

‘In his memoirs he wrote': see
www.ussliberty.org
.

‘In July 1967': IDF Preliminary Enquiry File 1/67 before Sgan Aluf Y. Yerushalami, 21 July 1967, NSF, Box 143.

‘As well as Rusk and Clifford': quotes from
Dead in the Water.

‘Admiral Thomas Moorer': see
www.ussliberty.org
.

‘A serviceman': Udi Erel in
Dead in the Water.

‘For Assistant Secretary': details from
Dead in the Water.

‘The Amir of Kuwait': PRO/FCO 8/679: talk with Amir; Arthur (Kuwait), Telegram No. 252, 8 June 1967.

‘The Saudi ruling family': PRO/FCO 8/756: Gore-Booth minute on talk with Saudi ambassador, 12 June 1967.

‘Before the fighting started': PRO/FCO 8/679: Graham (Kuwait) to Weir (Arabian Dept, FCO), 12 June 1967.

‘General David Elazar': Rabin, p. 88.

‘A less than veiled threat': Tel Aviv Cable 4015 to State, NSC, Box 24.

‘Rabin, on Dayan's orders': Rabin, pp. 89–90.

‘He told Peled': interview with Elad Peled.

‘Just before dawn': all Eshkol quotes from
www.ok.org
; ‘The Golan in the Balance', 4 November 2002; also
Jerusalem Post,
1 February 2000.

‘Maybe it's a decisive time': Lammfrom, pp. 562–9, document 174.

‘Egypt accepted': Dupuy, pp. 278–9.

Day Five

‘Without bothering to tell': Rabin, p. 90; also Mayzel, pp. 142–3.

‘Elazar said he could “tight now”': quoted in
Jerusalem Post,
1 February 2000.

‘But even if the': Dayan, p. 90.

‘Two other thrusts': Barker,
Arab–Israeli Wars,
p. 92.

‘By Thursday evening': General David Elazar press conference, 16 June 1967; quoted in
Mission Survival,
p. 348.

‘One Israeli paratrooper commented': Churchill, p. 184.

‘On Friday morning': Mayzel, p. 143.

‘The town of Suez': interview with Khalil.

‘Cairo Radio was playing': interview with Leila Sharaf.

‘Nasser's advisers': interview with General Gamal Haddad, 15 December 2002.

‘Winston Churchill': interview with Churchill.

‘Some injured men': Uri Oren, ‘Prisoner of War',
Yediot Aharonot,
14 July 1967, quoted in Bondy, pp. 214–16.

‘But according to Israeli witnesses': quotes from AP report by Karin Laub, August 1995,
www.mideastfacts.com
; and from chronological review of events, 16 August 1995,
http://domino.un.org
.

‘Declassified IDF documents': IDF 100/438/1969 order issued 11 June 1967 at 2310, sent to all three territorial commands, to G1 branch and some other departments of the General Staff.

‘According to an Israeli': Bron's article in
Yediot Aharonot,
17 August 1995; also phone interview with Gabby Bron, 22 November 2002.

‘By all the laws of war': Pollack, p. 464; also PRO/AIR 771/581: Air Ministry office of the scientific adviser, March 1968.

‘After the battle General Elazar': Elazar quote from press conference, 16 June 1967 in
Mission Survival,
p. 349; also Dupuy, pp. 322–4; Churchill, p. 186; Barker,
Arab–Israeli Wars,
p. 92; Pollack, pp. 463–8.

‘The Americans wanted': Amman Cable 4181, 9 June 1967, NSC, Box 24.

‘Hussein's biggest problem': Amman Cable 4180, 9 June 1967, NSC, Box 24.

‘Refugees were pouring over': PRO/FCO 17/214, Amman to FCO, 13 June 1967.

‘But Mary Hawkins': details of camp from Save the Children archives, Mary Hawkins,
Jordan Report,
9 November 1967; and from Save the Children Fund Jordan, Quarterly Report for the quarter ending 30 June 1967.

‘One of the best UNRWA': PRO/FCO 17/214, ‘The Refugee Problem in Jordan', 3 August 1967.

‘Any Arabs who tuned': PRO/FCO 8/679: Arthur (Kuwait) to Brenchley (FCO), 9 June 1967.

‘Brigadier General Hod recalled': Bregman and El-Tahri, p. 94.

‘When Israeli soldiers': FCO 17/534, AA/TEL/S.13/7, 5–10 June 1967. 283 ‘Before the war a small group': Pollack, p. 459.

‘As darkness fell': Bamahane, IDF Magazine, 18 July 1967, quoted in
Mission Survival,
p. 362.

‘By the evening Israeli': CIA Sitrep, 9 June 1967, NSC, Box 21.

‘During the fighting': Sister Marie Therese,
War in Jerusalem,
quoted in Schliefer, p. 208.

‘Major-General': interview with Shlomo Gazit, Tel Aviv, 5 June 2002.

‘Various orders were issued': example of order by logistics officer of Southern Command, 8 June 1967, IDF 100/438/1969.

‘Some of the fighting units':
The Seventh Day,
pp. 117–18.

‘Fifty paratroopers': diary of Frieda Ward, unpublished. ‘They were “shooting the locks”': Schliefer, pp. 201–2.

‘When Palestinian shops': PRO/FCO 17/212: Pullar (Jerusalem) to FCO, 19 June 1967.

‘Israeli troops in Gaza': UNRWA for Palestine Refugees in the Near East; details of survey in UNRWA file LEG/480/5 (14–1).

‘The survey documented': UNRWA File Sec/6, 1967 Emergency.

‘The peacekeeping troops': PRO/FCO 17/214: Craig (Beirut) to Moberly (Eastern Dept, FCO), 7 July 1967.

‘The UN had intended': PRO/FCO 17/123: report of interview with General Rikhye, commander of UNEF, New York, 7 July 1967.

‘The parts of the Dead': Schliefer, p. 203.

‘Dayan took his leave': Moshe Dayan, pp. 258–9.

‘They say that his':
al-Ahram,
5–11 June 1997, issue 328.

‘The minister of information': interview with Mohamed Fayek, Cairo, 16 December 2002.

‘According to Eric Rouleau':
MER,
p. 553.

‘He told them that they had all suffered': Armbrister in Chace, p. 117.

‘In the morning of last Monday': speech and details quoted in
War File,
p. 104.

‘General Salahadeen Hadidi': interview with Hadidi.

‘Amin Howedi': interview with Howedi.

‘From all sides': Rouleau, quoted in
MER,
p. 554.

‘The crazy Egyptians': Armbrister in Chace, p. 117.

‘Others gathered outside':
MER,
p. 554, quoting Cairo Radio and Radio Beirut.

‘In Port Said':
MER,
p. 554, quoting Radio Beirut, 9 June 1967;
The Egyptian Mail,
10 June 1967, and Rouleau.

‘Before the broadcast, Mohamed Fayek': interview with Fayek.

‘The wife of Amin Howedi': interview with Howedi.

‘The ruling party, the Arab Socialist': Tanjug correspondent reporting 21 June, quoted in
MER,
p. 554.

‘Some hapless officials':
Pravda,
31 July 1967; and Rouleau, quoted in
MER,
p. 554.

‘Gamal Haddad': interview with Gamal Haddad, Cairo, 16 December 2002.

‘In Damascus the government': CIA Intelligence Information Cable, 31 July 1967: conflict between the Syrian army and the Syrian government, NSF, Box 115.

‘But during the night': Seale,
Asad,
p. 140.

Day Six

‘Ahmad al-Mir': Seale,
Asad,
p. 141.

‘Some reserve officers':
Jeune Afrique,
6 August 1967, quoted in
MER,
p. 230.

‘Later, Ba'th party':
Le Monde,
28 June 1967, quoted in
MER,
p. 230.

‘A senior Israeli officer grumbled':
MER,
p. 230.

‘General Fawzi': interview with Hadidi.

‘A week later, Michael Wall': quoted in
War File,
p. 107.

‘In his office': interview with Howedi.

‘In Cairo the CIA': CIA Intelligence Information Cable, 15 June 1967.

‘Major Ibrahim El Dakahakny': interview with El Dakhakny.

‘Once the ceasefire held': Draz, pp. 135–46.

‘Amos Elon drove back': Elon,
A Blood-Dimmed Tide,
pp. 19–20.

‘Ramadan Mohammed Iraqi': interview with Iraqi.

‘What Kollek called': Kollek, p. 197.

‘Herzog later said': Herzog, quoted in Gazit, pp. 41–2.

‘Abd el-Latif Sayyed': interview with Abd el-Latif Sayyed, 1 December 2002.

‘Nazmi Al Ju'beh': interview with Nazmi Al Ju'beh, 24 November 2002.

‘Major Eitan Ben Moshe': Eitan Ben Moshe interview quoted in Tom Abowd,
The Moroccan Quarter,
Winter 2000.

‘A middle-aged woman': ibid.

‘It was the best thing we did': Elon,
A Blood-Dimmed Tide,
pp. 19–20.

‘In two days it was done': Kollek, p. 197.

‘Rabin had ordered Elazar': Rabin, p. 91.

‘One of the commanders reported': quoted in
MER,
p. 230.

‘When Nils-Goran Gussing': Gussing report in PRO/FCO 17/124, p. 10.

‘From the outset': Tel Aviv Cable 4015 to State, NSC, Box 24; Bull, p. 118.

‘Lord Caradon': PRO/FCO 17/496: Caradon (NY) to FCO, 10 June 1967.

‘Eshkol's wife': interview with Miriam Eshkol; also Bregman and El-Tahri, p. 98.

‘Walt Rostow': interview with Rostow.

‘The translation of Kosygin's': hotline details and Situation Room meeting from Oral History; Helms and McNamara; Memos for the Record on hotline meetings, 7 November 1968, Llewellyn Thompson, 4 November 1968 and Richard Helms, 22 October 1968: all from NSC, Box 19.

‘Britain's Joint Intelligence Committee': PRO/FCO 17/496: Secretary JIC to NAMILCOM, Washington, 13 June 1967.

‘Before the offensive even began': Tel Aviv Cable 4015 to State, NSC, Box 24.

‘Since 20 May': movements of the Sixth Fleet, (undated), NSF.

‘General Vassily Reshetnikov': Bregman and El-Tahri, p. 95.

‘An Israeli journalist': Isabella Ginor,
Guardian,
10 June 2000; also ‘The Russians were coming: the Soviet Military Threat in the 1967 Six-Day War',
Middle East Review of International Affairs,
Vol. 4, No. 4, December 2000.

‘A local official':
Al Hareches
(On the Ridge), newsletter of Kibbutz Nachshon, 6 June 1968.

‘Hikmat Deeb Ali':
Homeland,
p. 58.

‘One of the soldiers': interview with Amos Kenan, 21 November 2002.

‘Kenan wrote and almost': Amikam,
Israel: A Wasted Victory,
pp. 18–21.

‘In the refugee camp': PRO/FCO 17/217: ‘Jordan's 1967 Refugees', a research report by the American University of Beirut, 31 October 1967.

‘Goldberg, the American ambassador': Rafael, pp. 164–5.

‘They would stop': CIA Sitrep, 10 June 1967, NSC, Box 21.

‘In June 1967': Martha Gellhorn,
The Face of War,
p. 257.

‘But Abba Eban': Eban,
Personal Witness,
p. 416.

‘Eshkol, Eban and the rest': ibid., p. 412.

‘The Israeli newspapers': Elon,
A Blood-Dimmed Tide,
pp. 19–20.

‘Ezer Weizman': Weizman from
Haaretz,
29 March 1972; Peled from
Le Monde,
3 June 1972; Herzog from
Maariv,
4 April 1972.

‘One condemned the way': Cecil Hourani in
El Nanar
; reprinted in
Encounter,
November 1967, quoted in Laquer, p. 244.

‘Amer Ali': PRO/FCO 17/334: ‘Lessons to be learned from the Arab débâcle following the Israeli aggression of June 1967', 15 July 1968.