Songs Of Blood And Sword: A Daughter'S Memoir (64 page)

4
.  Interview with Tariq Ali, Karachi, 26 March 2006.

5
.  Ibid.

6
.  Clips from the press conference can be seen at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AzetH
0Y152Y

7
.  Ibid.

8
.  Interview with Tariq Ali, Karachi, 26 March 2006.

9
.  Interview with Della Rounick, Athens,9 August 2008.

10
.  A clip of Murtaza speaking can be found at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jOg
5zFyU4P4

11
.  Interview with Robert Kennedy Jr, Mount Kisco, New York, 15 May 2006.

12
.  Interview with Abdul Waheed Katpar, Karachi, 4 June 2008.

13
.  Ibid.

14
.  Interview with Tariq Ali, Karachi, 26 March 2006.

15
.  Ibid.

16
.  Ibid.

17
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 21 March 2008.

18
.  Interview with Tariq Ali, Karachi, 26 March 2006.

19
.  Interview with Della Rounick, Mykonos, 22 August 2008.

20
.  Ibid.

21
.  Published in Greek – translated, unpublished version under the name ‘A Crumb of God’ given to me by Della Rounick.

22
.  MMB letter to Della Rounick, Kabul, 20 July 1979.

23
.  Interview with Della Rounick, Mykonos, 22 August 2008.

24
.  Interview with Milbry Polk, New York City, 19 April 2006.

25
.  Interview with Mayor Bill White, Houston, Texas, 7 May 2006.

26
.  Interview with Magdalena Guernica Castleman, New York City, 18 May 2006.

27
.  Interview with Mayor Bill White, Houston, Texas, 7 May 2006.

Chapter 8

1
. Diary entry of 27 October 1979.

2
. Diary entry of 2 November 1979.

3
. Diary entry of 5 December 1979.

4
. Diary entry of 28 March 1980.

5
. Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 21 March 2008.

6
. Ibid.

7
. Ibid.

8
. Ibid.

9
. Ibid.

10
.  Published in Greek – translated, unpublished version under the name ‘A Crumb of God’, given to me by Della Rounick.

11
.  Ibid.

12
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 8 March 2008.

13
.  MMB, undated letter to Della.

Chapter 9

1
  A. Jilani, Advance Towards Democracy: The Pakistani Experience, p. 36.

2
.  Jilani, p. 36.

3
.  The Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, 1985,
Zia’s Law: Human Rights under Military Rule in Pakistan
, p. 76.

4
.  Hassan Abbas,
Pakistan’s Drift into Extremism: Allah, the Army and America’s War on Terror
, p. 108.

5
.  Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, p. 77.

6
.  Z. Niazi,
Press in Chains
, Karachi Press Club Publication, p. 123.

7
.  Ibid., p. 178.

8
.  Interview with Siddiqueh Hidayatullah, Karachi, 8 August 2009.

9
.  Niazi, p. 178.

10
.  Ibid.

11
.  Ibid., p. 179.

12
.  
Dawn
, 8 July 1980.

13
.  Niazi, p. 179.

14
.   Ibid. p. 182.

15
.    Lahore Committee for Human Rights, p. 80.

16
.  Interview with Mazhar Abbas, Karachi, 11 September 2004.

17
.  Niazi, p. 185.

18
.  H. Askari Rizvi,
The Military and Politics in Pakistan
, p. 239.

19
.  E. Duncan,
Breaking the Curfew
, p. 70.

20
.  S. P Cohen,
The Idea of Pakistan
, p. 58.

21
.  S. Shafqat,
Civil–Military Relations in Pakistan: From Zulfikar Ali Bhutto to Benazir Bhutto
, p. 193.

22
.  Owen Bennet Jones,
Pakistan: Eye of the Storm
, pp. 16–17.

23
.   Ibid., p. 24.

24
.   Ibid., p. 26.

25
.  Ibid., pp. 31–5.

26
.  Ibid., pp. 35–8.

27
.  Ibid., p. 68.

28
.  Michel Foucault,
Discipline and Punish
, p. 49.

29
.  Ibid., p. 48.

30
.  I. H. Malik,
State and Civil Society in Pakistan
, p. 147.

31
.  Asma Jahangir and Hina Jilani,
The Hudood Ordinances – A Divine Sanction?
, p. 23.

32
.  Ibid., pp. 85–6.

33
.  A. M. Weiss, ‘Pakistani Women in the 1980s and Beyond’, in C.Baxter and S. R. Wasti (eds.), Pakistani Authoritarianism in the
1980
s, p. 139.

34
.  Malik, p. 148.

35
.  Jahangir and Jilani, p. 68.

36
.  Weiss, p. 144.

37
.  Ibid.

38
.  M. Asghar Khan,
Generals in Politics: Pakistan
1958
–
1982
, p. 159.

39
.  R. LaPorte Jr, ‘Urban Groups and the Zia Regime’, in C. Baxter (ed.),
Zia’s Pakistan: Politics and Stability in a Frontline State
, p. 18.

40
.  Ibid.

41
.  Ibid., p. 170.

42
.  Ibid.

43
.  Ibid.

44
.  Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, p. 61.

45
.  Ibid., pp. 59–62.

46
.  LaPorte Jr, p. 16.

47
.  Jahangir and Jilani, p. 67.

48
.  J. Dad Khan,
Pakistan’s Leadership Challenges
, p. 173.

49
.  Askari Rizvi, p. 239.

50
.  Duncan, p. 70.

Chapter 10

1
.  Ian Stephens, letter to Murtaza Bhutto, 11 April 1978.

2
.  Hedley Bull’s supervisor report, 17 December 1977.

3
.  Memorandum dated 12 October 1978.

4
.  Letter dated 28 November 1978.

5
.  Hedley Bull supervisor’s report 17 December 1978.

6
.  Ibid., 17 December 1979.

7
.  Ibid., 6 July 1980.

8
.  Ibid., 17 December 1980.

9
.  Interview with Della Rounick, Mykonos, 22 August 2008.

10
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 28 December 2008.

11
.  Ibid.

12
.  Published in Greek – translated unpublished version under the name ‘A Crumb of God’, given to me by Della Rounick.

13
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 28 December 2008.

14
.  Interview with Ghulam Hussain, Islamabad, 21 May 2008.

15
.  MMB Letter to Della Rounick, postmarked Kabul, 25 April 1981.

Chapter 11

1
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 21 March 2008.

2
.  Ibid.

3
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 28 December 2008.

4
.  Ibid.

5
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 29 December 2008.

6
.  Ian Talbot,
Pakistan: A Modern History
, p. 181.

7
.  S. Shafqat,
Civil–Military Relations in Pakistan: From Zulfikar Ali Bhutto to Benazir Bhutto,
p. 193
.

8
.  J. Dad Khan,
Pakistan’s Leadership Challenges
, p. 174. 9. B. Cloughly,
A History of the Pakistan Army: Wars and Insurrections
, p. 292.

10
.  Interview with Della Rounick, Mykonos, 20 August 2008. 11. Lawrence Ziring,
Pakistan in the
20
th Century: A Political History, p. 483.

12
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 21 March 2008.

13
.  Ibid.

14
.  Ibid.

15
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 28 December 2008.

16
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 29 December 2008.

17
.  Ibid.

Chapter 12

1
.  Interview with Sassi Bhutto, 21 March 2009.

2
.  Interview with Jacques Vergès, Paris, 2 March 2009.

Chapter 13

1
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 21 March 2008.

Chapter 14

1
.  Interview with Ghinwa Bhutto, Karachi, 11 February 2009.

2
.  Ian Talbot,
Pakistan: A Modern History
, p. 284.

3
.  Edward Jay Epstein, ‘Who Killed Zia?’,
Vanity Fair
, September 1989.

4
.  Ibid. and Tariq Ali,
The Duel
, p. 131.

5
.  Epstein.

6
.  Ibid.

7
.  Talbot, pp. 284.

8
.  Ali, pp. 131–2

9
.  Interview with Ghinwa Bhutto, Karachi, 22 August 2009.

10
.  Interview with Dr Sikandar Jatoi, Karachi, 5 August 2009.

11
.  Interview with Mumtaz Bhutto, Karachi, 4 September 2009.

12
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 13 August 2009.

Chapter 15

1
.  Ian Talbot,
Pakistan: A Modern History
, p 297.

2
.  Ibid.

3
.  Talbot, pp. 297–8. 14. Ibid., p. 297.

5
.  Interview with Dr Ghulam Hussain, Islamabad, 21 May 2008.

6
.  Interview with Maulabux, Karachi, 10 May 2008.

7
.  Interview with Shahnawaz Baloch, Karachi, 10 May 2008.

8
.  Interview with Aftab Sherpao, Islamabad, 19 May 2008.

9
.  Talbot, p. 294.

10.
  Ibid., p. 292.

11
.  Ibid., p. 293.

12
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 29 December 2008.

13
.  Talbot, p. 303.

14
.  Ibid., p. 305.

15
.  Javed Iqbal, one of Pakistan’s longest-serving political prisoners and a member of the PPP, remained in jail until after the fall of Benazir’s first government. Iqbal joined Murtaza when he returned to Pakistan in 1993 and played an active role in the founding of the party with Murtaza a year and a half before his murder.

16
.  Mir Murtaza Bhutto, letter to Nusrat Bhutto, 21 December 1989.

17
.  Owen Bennet Jones,
Pakistan: Eye of the Storm
, p. 237.

18
.  Ali, p. 135.

19
.  Talbot, p. 310.

Chapter 16

1
.  Interview with Dr Ghulam Hussain, Islamabad, 21 May 2008.

2
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi 29 December 2008.

3
.  Interview with Maulabux, Karachi, 14 May 2008.

4
.  Interview with Hameed Baloch, Karachi, 14 May, 2008.

5
.  Interview with Aftab Sherpao, Islamabad, 19 May 2008.

6
.  Interview with Maulabux, Karachi, 10 May 2008.

Chapter 17

1
.  Interview in
The Nation
, 16 May 1991.

2
.  Interview in
Daily News
, 12 August 1993.

3
.  
Dawn
, 24 August 1993.

4
.  
Daily Mushriq
, 30 October 1993.

5
.  
The News
, 27 October 1993.

6
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 29 December 2008.

7
.  Interview with Hameed Baloch, Karachi, 6, March 2009.

8
.  Interview with Maulabux Karachi, 14 May 2008.

9
.  Interview with Shahnawaz Baloch, Karachi, 14 May 2008.

10
.  Interview with Shahnwaz Baloch, Karachi, 10 May 2008.

11
.  ‘The Lion King’,
Vista
magazine, 1994, p. 67.

12
.  Interview with Shahnawaz Baloch, Karachi, 10 May 2008.

Chapter 18

1
.  Interview with the
Weekend Post
, 10 December 1993.

2
.  
Daily Nation
, 29 December 1993.

3
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 13 August 2009.

4
.  
Dawn
, 15 December 1993.

5
.  Interview with Ghinwa Bhutto, Karachi, 14 February 2009.

6
.  Henry Kamm, ‘Karachi Journal: With Blood Ties Surrendered, Blood Divides Bhuttos’,
New York Times
, 12 January 1994.

7
.  Ibid.

8
.  Ibid.

Chapter 19

1
.  
Newsline Magazine
, Hasan Mujtaba, ‘From Guns to Roses’, June 1994, p. 49.

2
.  Ibid.

3
.  Ibid.

4
.  Ibid.

5
.  Ibid.

6
.  Henry Kamm, ‘Bhutto fans the family feud, charging mother favours son’,
New York Times
, 14 January 1994.

7
.  Ibid.

8
.  ‘We can’t talk with the murderers of Shaheed Bhutto’, interview conducted by Massoud Ansari,
Newsline Magazine
, June 1994, p. 51.

9
.  Interview with Suhail Sethi, Karachi, 13 August 2009.

Chapter 20

1
.  
Dawn
,

2
.   August 1994. 12.
Frontier Post
newspaper, 18 October 1994.

3
.  
Dawn
, 27 December 1994.

4
.  Not the American CIA but the Pakistani Intelligence and security authorities, also unhelpfully called the CIA.

5
.  
Newsline Magazine
‘MQM: Road to Nowhere?’, Ghulam Hasnain, May 1997, p. 21.

6
.  Talbot,
Pakistan: A Modern History
, p. 343.

7
.  Ghulam Hasnain and Hasan Zaidi, ‘The Politics of Murder’,
Herald Magazine
, March 1996, p. 25.

8
.  ‘City of Death’ special edn.,
Herald Magazine
, January 1996.

9
.  Ibid., p. 26.