The Aeneid (58 page)
ANTHEUS
(
ayn‘-theus
): Trojan, companion of Aeneas, fathered by Sarpedon, and pilot of a shipwrecked vessel in his fleet, 1.215.
(
ayn‘-theus
): Trojan, companion of Aeneas, fathered by Sarpedon, and pilot of a shipwrecked vessel in his fleet, 1.215.
ANTIPHATES
(
an-ti‘-fa-teez
): an ally of Aeneas, killed by Turnus, 9.791.
(
an-ti‘-fa-teez
): an ally of Aeneas, killed by Turnus, 9.791.
ANTONY
(
an‘-toh-nee
): triumvir, Marcus Antonius, 8.803. See Introduction, pp. 2-6.
(
an‘-toh-nee
): triumvir, Marcus Antonius, 8.803. See Introduction, pp. 2-6.
ANTORES
(
ayn-toh‘-reez
): Hercules’ aide who affiliated himself with Evander, comrade of Aeneas, killed by Mezentius, 10.920.
(
ayn-toh‘-reez
): Hercules’ aide who affiliated himself with Evander, comrade of Aeneas, killed by Mezentius, 10.920.
ANUBIS
(
a-noo‘-bis
): Egyptian deity in Cleopatra’s train at the battle of Actium; protector of tombs, typically portrayed with the head of a dog or jackal and the body of a man, 8.819.
(
a-noo‘-bis
): Egyptian deity in Cleopatra’s train at the battle of Actium; protector of tombs, typically portrayed with the head of a dog or jackal and the body of a man, 8.819.
ANXUR
(
aynks‘-oor
): (1) Volscian town in Latium, sacred to Jupiter, also known as Tarracina or Terracina (modern Terracina) and renowned for its grove where Jupiter presided, 7.928. (2) Rutulian killed by Aeneas, 10.645.
(
aynks‘-oor
): (1) Volscian town in Latium, sacred to Jupiter, also known as Tarracina or Terracina (modern Terracina) and renowned for its grove where Jupiter presided, 7.928. (2) Rutulian killed by Aeneas, 10.645.
APENNINE
(
a‘-pe-neyen
): belonging to the central mountain ridge of the Italian peninsula 11.826; its divinity is “Father / Apennine himself,” 12.814.
(
a‘-pe-neyen
): belonging to the central mountain ridge of the Italian peninsula 11.826; its divinity is “Father / Apennine himself,” 12.814.
APHIDNUS
(
a-feed‘-nus
): Trojan killed by Turnus, 9.797.
(
a-feed‘-nus
): Trojan killed by Turnus, 9.797.
APOLLO
(
a-pol‘-oh
): god, son of Jupiter and Latona (Leto), twin brother of Diana, a patron of the arts, especially music and poetry. Also an archer, a healer, and a prophet with a famous oracular shrine at Delphi, in central Greece. The principal divine champion of the Greeks, 1.400. As Augustus’ patron divinity, he presides appropriately over the battle of Actium, in Virgil’s description, 8.826. See Note 4.179.
(
a-pol‘-oh
): god, son of Jupiter and Latona (Leto), twin brother of Diana, a patron of the arts, especially music and poetry. Also an archer, a healer, and a prophet with a famous oracular shrine at Delphi, in central Greece. The principal divine champion of the Greeks, 1.400. As Augustus’ patron divinity, he presides appropriately over the battle of Actium, in Virgil’s description, 8.826. See Note 4.179.
AQUICULUS
(
a-kwee‘-cu-lus
): Rutulian stopped at the gates of Aeneas’ encampment, 9.778.
(
a-kwee‘-cu-lus
): Rutulian stopped at the gates of Aeneas’ encampment, 9.778.
ARABIANS
: inhabitants of Arabia Felix, modern Yemen, against which the Romans sent an ill-fated expedition in 24 B.C., 8.827.
: inhabitants of Arabia Felix, modern Yemen, against which the Romans sent an ill-fated expedition in 24 B.C., 8.827.
ARAXES
(
a-rak‘-seez
): river in Armenia, bridged by Alexander, but the span was ripped from its moorings by the stream’s powerful current, 8.853.
(
a-rak‘-seez
): river in Armenia, bridged by Alexander, but the span was ripped from its moorings by the stream’s powerful current, 8.853.
ARCADIANS
(
ar-kay‘-di-anz
): 8.54, inhabitants of ARCADIA (
ar-kay’-di-a
), a region in the rugged central Peloponnese where Evander was born, 8.113. It is treated by Virgil in his
Eclogues
as the place of origin of pastoral poetry.
(
ar-kay‘-di-anz
): 8.54, inhabitants of ARCADIA (
ar-kay’-di-a
), a region in the rugged central Peloponnese where Evander was born, 8.113. It is treated by Virgil in his
Eclogues
as the place of origin of pastoral poetry.
ARCENS
(
ayr‘-kens
): Sicilian, father of a nameless ally of Aeneas, killed by Mezentius, 9.660.
(
ayr‘-kens
): Sicilian, father of a nameless ally of Aeneas, killed by Mezentius, 9.660.
ARCETIUS
(
ayr-ket‘-i-us
): Rutulian killed by Mnestheus, 12.539.
(
ayr-ket‘-i-us
): Rutulian killed by Mnestheus, 12.539.
ARCHIPPUS
(
ayr-kee‘-pus
): Marsian king who sent Umbro to fight on Turnus’ side, only to be killed by Trojans, 7.874.
(
ayr-kee‘-pus
): Marsian king who sent Umbro to fight on Turnus’ side, only to be killed by Trojans, 7.874.
ARCTURUS
(
ark-too‘-rus
): the Bear-Watcher, most brilliant star in the constellation called the Wagon; its rising coincides with heavy spring rains, 1.894. See GREAT AND LITTLE BEARS.
(
ark-too‘-rus
): the Bear-Watcher, most brilliant star in the constellation called the Wagon; its rising coincides with heavy spring rains, 1.894. See GREAT AND LITTLE BEARS.
ARDEA
(
ayr‘-de-a
): the Rutulians’ capital city, south of Rome; the home of Turnus and place where he was born, 7.480.
(
ayr‘-de-a
): the Rutulians’ capital city, south of Rome; the home of Turnus and place where he was born, 7.480.
ARETHUSA
(
a-re-thoo‘-sa
): fountain at the seaward edge of Syracuse, that, according to legend, draws its waters underground from the Alpheus River in Greece, 3.804.
(
a-re-thoo‘-sa
): fountain at the seaward edge of Syracuse, that, according to legend, draws its waters underground from the Alpheus River in Greece, 3.804.
ARGILETUM
(
ar-gi-lee‘-tum
): a main artery leading from the Roman Forum northeast toward the Esquiline and Viminal hills. Virgil derives its name from “the death of Argus” (2), but it more likely stems from
argilla
(clay), 8.405.
(
ar-gi-lee‘-tum
): a main artery leading from the Roman Forum northeast toward the Esquiline and Viminal hills. Virgil derives its name from “the death of Argus” (2), but it more likely stems from
argilla
(clay), 8.405.
ARGOS
(
ar‘-gos
): 1.30, city or district in the northeastern Peloponnese, or the general region of the Achaeans, mainland Greece, inhabited by the ARGIVE (
ar’-geyev
) people, 1.50.
(
ar‘-gos
): 1.30, city or district in the northeastern Peloponnese, or the general region of the Achaeans, mainland Greece, inhabited by the ARGIVE (
ar’-geyev
) people, 1.50.
ARGUS
(
ar‘-gus
): (1) hundred-eyed monster, guardian assigned to Io by Juno and killed by Mercury, 7.918. (2) Legendary guest of Evander, who was killed for plotting against his host, 8.406.
(
ar‘-gus
): (1) hundred-eyed monster, guardian assigned to Io by Juno and killed by Mercury, 7.918. (2) Legendary guest of Evander, who was killed for plotting against his host, 8.406.
ARGYRIPA
(
ayr-gi‘-ri-pa
): city in Apulia, established by Diomedes and called thereafter Arpi, 11.296.
(
ayr-gi‘-ri-pa
): city in Apulia, established by Diomedes and called thereafter Arpi, 11.296.
ARICIA
(
a-ree‘-si-a
): Latian city named for its resident nymph, the mother of Virbius, 7.885. See Note 7.884-908.
(
a-ree‘-si-a
): Latian city named for its resident nymph, the mother of Virbius, 7.885. See Note 7.884-908.
ARISBA
(
a-reez‘-bah
): city in the Troad conquered by Aeneas, 9.313. Beyond Virgil’s mention, the connection with Aeneas is obscure.
(
a-reez‘-bah
): city in the Troad conquered by Aeneas, 9.313. Beyond Virgil’s mention, the connection with Aeneas is obscure.
ARPI
(
ayr‘-pi
): alternative name for Argyripa, 10.34.
(
ayr‘-pi
): alternative name for Argyripa, 10.34.
ARRUNS
(
ay‘-runz
): an Etruscan ally of Aeneas, and the killer of Camilla, 11.893.
(
ay‘-runz
): an Etruscan ally of Aeneas, and the killer of Camilla, 11.893.
ASBYTES
(
ays-bee‘-teez
): Trojan killed by Turnus, 12.431.
(
ays-bee‘-teez
): Trojan killed by Turnus, 12.431.
ASCANIUS
(
as-kay‘-ni-us
): grandson of Anchises, son of Aeneas and Creusa, also called Iulus, 1.320-21; see ILUS (1). For his relationship to the later Julian family, see Introduction, pp. 12-17.
(
as-kay‘-ni-us
): grandson of Anchises, son of Aeneas and Creusa, also called Iulus, 1.320-21; see ILUS (1). For his relationship to the later Julian family, see Introduction, pp. 12-17.
ASIA
: actually Asia Minor in the context of the
Aeneid
; a region originally named for a Lydian city there, 1.467.
: actually Asia Minor in the context of the
Aeneid
; a region originally named for a Lydian city there, 1.467.
ASILAS
(
a-see‘-las
): (1) Rutulian, who kills the Trojan Corynaeus (1), 9.651. (2) Etruscan seer and a fighting ally of Aeneas, 10.211.
(
a-see‘-las
): (1) Rutulian, who kills the Trojan Corynaeus (1), 9.651. (2) Etruscan seer and a fighting ally of Aeneas, 10.211.
ASIUS
(
a‘-si-us
): Trojan, defender of Aeneas’ camp, 10.152.
(
a‘-si-us
): Trojan, defender of Aeneas’ camp, 10.152.
ASSARACI
(
ay-sa‘-ra-kee
): two Trojans, both defenders of Aeneas’ camp, 10.153.
(
ay-sa‘-ra-kee
): two Trojans, both defenders of Aeneas’ camp, 10.153.
ASSARACUS
(
ay-sa‘-ra-kus
): son of Tros, brother of Ilus (2) and Ganymede, father of Capys (2), grandfather of Anchises, great-grandfather of Aeneas, 1.339.
(
ay-sa‘-ra-kus
): son of Tros, brother of Ilus (2) and Ganymede, father of Capys (2), grandfather of Anchises, great-grandfather of Aeneas, 1.339.
ASTYANAX
(
as-teye‘-a-naks
): “Lord of the City” in Greek, infant son of Hector and Andromache, flung to his death from the walls of Troy by the victorious Greeks, 2.571. See
Iliad
6.471-577, 22.566-96.
(
as-teye‘-a-naks
): “Lord of the City” in Greek, infant son of Hector and Andromache, flung to his death from the walls of Troy by the victorious Greeks, 2.571. See
Iliad
6.471-577, 22.566-96.
ASTYR
(
ay‘-stir
): Etruscan comrade of Aeneas, 10.218.
(
ay‘-stir
): Etruscan comrade of Aeneas, 10.218.
ASYLUM
: the Asylum, a grove between the two summits of the Capitoline hill, was established by Romulus as a place of refuge, 8.402.
: the Asylum, a grove between the two summits of the Capitoline hill, was established by Romulus as a place of refuge, 8.402.
ATHENA
(
a-thee‘-na)
: 2.208; see MINERVA, PALLAS (1), and TRITONIAN; Notes 1.49-55, 2.211; and Introduction p. 17.
(
a-thee‘-na)
: 2.208; see MINERVA, PALLAS (1), and TRITONIAN; Notes 1.49-55, 2.211; and Introduction p. 17.
ATHOS
(
a‘-thos
): mountain on a promontory in the northern Aegean Sea, 12.813.
(
a‘-thos
): mountain on a promontory in the northern Aegean Sea, 12.813.
ATINA
(
a-tee‘-na
): Italian town, still bearing the same name, that housed a Volscian clan, 7.733.
(
a-tee‘-na
): Italian town, still bearing the same name, that housed a Volscian clan, 7.733.
ATINAS
(
a-tee‘-nas
): Rutulian captain, routed along with other allies of Turnus at Aeneas’ gates, 11.1017.
(
a-tee‘-nas
): Rutulian captain, routed along with other allies of Turnus at Aeneas’ gates, 11.1017.
ATLAS
(
at‘-las
): father of Electra and Maia, tutor of Iopas, the Carthaginian bard, a Titan who upheld the pillars separating the earth and sky (for Atlas’ powers, see
Odyssey
1.62-64), and was transformed into Mount Atlas, a peak in northern Africa, 1.889.
(
at‘-las
): father of Electra and Maia, tutor of Iopas, the Carthaginian bard, a Titan who upheld the pillars separating the earth and sky (for Atlas’ powers, see
Odyssey
1.62-64), and was transformed into Mount Atlas, a peak in northern Africa, 1.889.
ATREUS
(
ay‘-troos
): father of Agamemnon and Menelaus, 1.553.
(
ay‘-troos
): father of Agamemnon and Menelaus, 1.553.
ATYS
(
a‘-tis
): Trojan youth in the equestrian display at Anchises’ funeral games, soon to be the source of the Latin ATIANS (
ay’-shanz
) (5.625). By the name Atys, Virgil is suggesting the origin of the
gens
Atia and hence of Augustus, whose mother Atia, married to Caius Octavius, was the niece of Julius Caesar. See Introduction, pp. 1-2.
(
a‘-tis
): Trojan youth in the equestrian display at Anchises’ funeral games, soon to be the source of the Latin ATIANS (
ay’-shanz
) (5.625). By the name Atys, Virgil is suggesting the origin of the
gens
Atia and hence of Augustus, whose mother Atia, married to Caius Octavius, was the niece of Julius Caesar. See Introduction, pp. 1-2.
AUFIDUS
(
aw‘-fi-dus
): river in Apulia, now the Ofanto, whose strong currents empty into the Adriatic, and so the river cannot possibly flow backward from the Adriatic, 11.485. See Note 11.483-85.
(
aw‘-fi-dus
): river in Apulia, now the Ofanto, whose strong currents empty into the Adriatic, and so the river cannot possibly flow backward from the Adriatic, 11.485. See Note 11.483-85.
AUGUSTUS
(
aw-gus‘-tus
): imperial title, awarded in 27 B.C. to the first Roman emperor, Octavius Caesar: the grand-nephew of Julius Caesar and adopted as his son, 6.914. See ATYS; CAESAR, JULIUS; ILUS (1); JULIUS; and Introduction passim.
(
aw-gus‘-tus
): imperial title, awarded in 27 B.C. to the first Roman emperor, Octavius Caesar: the grand-nephew of Julius Caesar and adopted as his son, 6.914. See ATYS; CAESAR, JULIUS; ILUS (1); JULIUS; and Introduction passim.
AULESTES
(
aw-lees‘-teez
): allied to Aeneas, an Etruscan captain who sails the
Triton,
10.251.
(
aw-lees‘-teez
): allied to Aeneas, an Etruscan captain who sails the
Triton,
10.251.
AULIS
(
aw‘-lis
): district in the narrow strait between Euboea and the Greek mainland, where the Greek fleet gathered before sailing for Troy and Agamemnon sacrificed his daughter, Iphigenia, 4.534.
(
aw‘-lis
): district in the narrow strait between Euboea and the Greek mainland, where the Greek fleet gathered before sailing for Troy and Agamemnon sacrificed his daughter, Iphigenia, 4.534.
AUNUS
(
aw‘-nus
): Ligurian, his son killed by Camilla, 11.826.
(
aw‘-nus
): Ligurian, his son killed by Camilla, 11.826.
AURORA
(
aw-roh‘-ra
): interchangeable with Dawn, 3.684.
(
aw-roh‘-ra
): interchangeable with Dawn, 3.684.
AURUNCAN
(
aw-run‘-kan
): of the original Italian people, named after Aurunca, an ancient Campanian town northwest of Naples, 7.236.
(
aw-run‘-kan
): of the original Italian people, named after Aurunca, an ancient Campanian town northwest of Naples, 7.236.
AUSONIA
(
aw-soh‘-ni-a
): 7.61, land of the AUSONIANS (
aw-soh’-ni-anz
), people of southern Italy, and a collective name for all of Italy too, 9.728.
(
aw-soh‘-ni-a
): 7.61, land of the AUSONIANS (
aw-soh’-ni-anz
), people of southern Italy, and a collective name for all of Italy too, 9.728.
AUTOMEDON
(
aw-to‘-me-don
): Achilles’ henchman, charioteer, and armor-bearer, 2.594.
(
aw-to‘-me-don
): Achilles’ henchman, charioteer, and armor-bearer, 2.594.
AVENTINUS
(
a-ven-teye‘-nus
): son of Hercules (mentioned nowhere else, see Williams, 1973, note 7.655f.) by a priestess, Rhea, 7.762; eponym for the AVENTINE (
a’-ven-teyen
) hill, one of the seven hills of Rome, 7.767.
(
a-ven-teye‘-nus
): son of Hercules (mentioned nowhere else, see Williams, 1973, note 7.655f.) by a priestess, Rhea, 7.762; eponym for the AVENTINE (
a’-ven-teyen
) hill, one of the seven hills of Rome, 7.767.
AVERNUS
(
a-ver‘-nus
): modern Lago di Averno, lake in a volcanic crater just east of Cumae and west of Naples; “birdless” or “over which no birds will fly,” as the name implies, since the caldera emitted noxious fumes; located near a legendary entrance to the Underworld, and so the name is often used of the Underworld in general, 3.519.
(
a-ver‘-nus
): modern Lago di Averno, lake in a volcanic crater just east of Cumae and west of Naples; “birdless” or “over which no birds will fly,” as the name implies, since the caldera emitted noxious fumes; located near a legendary entrance to the Underworld, and so the name is often used of the Underworld in general, 3.519.
BACCHUS
(
bah‘-kus
): son of Jupiter and Semele, the god of wine, the vine, and ecstasy, 1.877; also called
Lyaeus
(“the Liberator,” see 4.73).
(
bah‘-kus
): son of Jupiter and Semele, the god of wine, the vine, and ecstasy, 1.877; also called
Lyaeus
(“the Liberator,” see 4.73).
BACTRA
(
bak‘-tra
): remote Eastern region bounded by the Oxus to the north and the Hindu Kush to the south, whose forces fought on the side of Antony and Cleopatra at the battle of Actium, 8.807.
(
bak‘-tra
): remote Eastern region bounded by the Oxus to the north and the Hindu Kush to the south, whose forces fought on the side of Antony and Cleopatra at the battle of Actium, 8.807.
BAIAE
(
bah‘-yee
): bayside town of Campania, just south of Cumae; one of the Romans’ favorite spas and resorts, known by the Augustan era for the luxury of its villas built on piers out into the water, 9.806.
(
bah‘-yee
): bayside town of Campania, just south of Cumae; one of the Romans’ favorite spas and resorts, known by the Augustan era for the luxury of its villas built on piers out into the water, 9.806.
BARCE
(
bayr‘-see
): Sychaeus’ old nurse, Dido’s attendant, 4.788.
(
bayr‘-see
): Sychaeus’ old nurse, Dido’s attendant, 4.788.
BARCAN
(
bar‘-kan
): of a Libyan people inhabiting the city of Barce, and known for their marauding ways, 4.55.
(
bar‘-kan
): of a Libyan people inhabiting the city of Barce, and known for their marauding ways, 4.55.
BATULUM
(
ba‘-tu-lum
): town in Campania, allied to Turnus, 7.860.
(
ba‘-tu-lum
): town in Campania, allied to Turnus, 7.860.
BEBRYCIAN
(
be-bri‘-shan
): of Bebrycia, a region in Asia Minor, forming the southern border of the Black Sea, 5.416.
(
be-bri‘-shan
): of Bebrycia, a region in Asia Minor, forming the southern border of the Black Sea, 5.416.
BELLONA
(
be-loh‘-na
): Roman goddess of battle, cult-partner of Mars, 7.373.
(
be-loh‘-na
): Roman goddess of battle, cult-partner of Mars, 7.373.
BELUS
(
bee‘-lus
): (1) Father of Dido, 1.742. (2) First founder of Dido’s Phoenician royal line of descent, 1.872. (3) Father of Palamedes and, according to Virgil, of Danaus and Aegyptus, 2.103.
(
bee‘-lus
): (1) Father of Dido, 1.742. (2) First founder of Dido’s Phoenician royal line of descent, 1.872. (3) Father of Palamedes and, according to Virgil, of Danaus and Aegyptus, 2.103.
BENACUS
(
bee-nay‘-kus
): “Father Benacus,” personification of northern Italian lake, now Lago di Garda, and source of the Mincius River, 10.249.
(
bee-nay‘-kus
): “Father Benacus,” personification of northern Italian lake, now Lago di Garda, and source of the Mincius River, 10.249.
BERECYNTHIAN
(
be-re-sin‘-thi-an
): of Berecynthia, a mountainous area in Phrygia, sacred to the Great Mother, Cybebe (Cybele), 6.905.
(
be-re-sin‘-thi-an
): of Berecynthia, a mountainous area in Phrygia, sacred to the Great Mother, Cybebe (Cybele), 6.905.
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