The Articulate Mammal (57 page)

constraints on rules
91
,
92
,
94
,
126
–
8
,
162
–
3
,
237

constructional homonymity
11

contaminations
221

content approach (to language acquisition)
124
–
5
,
126
–
8
,
129

continuity vs. discontinuity theories (of language origin)
18
–
19

contrast, principle of
120

cooing
68
,
69
–
70
,
77

Cookie Monster
74

Cooper, A.
72

copula
74
,
75

core vs. periphery
97

correction (of children’s language)
62
–
3

correspondence hypothesis
ix
,
170
–
4

Cosmides, L.
238

Cotterill, R.
241

Crago, M.B.
57

Crain, S.
128

Cratylus
(Plato)
2

creativity (design feature of language): ape communication
30
,
35
,
38
; in human language
11
–
13
,
21
,
24
–
5

critical period
48
,
60
,
77
–
81

Cromer, R.F.
76
,
117
,
127
,
138

Cross, T.
136

Cruttenden, A.
71

crying
68
,
69

CT/CAT (X-ray computed tomography) scans
51

Culicover
237
–
8

cultural transmission (of language)
21
,
22

Curtiss, S.R.
79
,
80
,
131
,
132

Cutler, A.
xv
,
185
,
244

Czech
143

Dahl, Roald
1
,
13

Dar (chimp)
31

Darwin, C.
70

Davidson, R.
242

Dax, M.
44

de la Mare, W.
17

de Villiers, J.G. and P.A.
xix
,
134

de Waal, F.B.M.
37

Deacon, T.
242

deaf children
81

decoding
see
comprehension of language

deep structure (D-structure)
89
–
90
,
91
; arguments for
11
; experiments on
174
–
7
; Minimalist Program
98
; vs. surface structure
11
;
transformations
159
–
60
,
161
,
163
; Universal Grammar
94

Dell, G.S.
244

Dennis, M.
78

derivational theory of complexity (DTC)
170
–
4

Descartes, R.
84

descriptive adequacy
157
,
161

design features of language
20
–
8

Desnos, R.
17

detailed planning (of speech)
227
–
8
,
230
,
232

Deutsch, G.
241

dichotic listening tests
45
–
6
,
78

discontinuity theories (of language origin)
18
–
19
,
110

discontinuous constructions
144

discourse analysis
239

displacement (design feature of language)
21
,
23
–
4
,
30
,
35
,
38

dolphins
17
,
18
,
25
–
6

Donaldson, M.
129
,
241

Doris (dolphin)
25
–
6

double-articulation
23

Dowker, A.
133
,
243

Down’s syndrome
80

D-structure
see
deep structure

DTC
see
derivational theory of complexity

duality (design feature of language)
21
,
23

dwarfs, nanocephalic
43

dyslexia
57

dysphasia
see
aphasia

EACH OTHER (reciprocals)
127

ear, human
41
,
45
–
6

economy
98
–
9
,
165

EEG (electroencephalogram)
51

Eimas, P.D.
71
–
2
,
244

E-language (externalized language)
155

electro-diagnosis
46

Ellis, A.W.
215

Elman, J.L.
113
,
188
,
243

embedding
153
–
4
,
194
–
5

emergence (of speech): vs. acquisition
74
,
146
; biologically triggered behaviour
60
–
1

Emperor of Jupiter example
152
–
66

encoding
see
production of speech

English
145
,
152
–
62

environmental factors
61
–
2

epigenesis
237

epilepsy
47
,
49

epistemological structures
179
,
180

Epstein, W.
198

Eric (child)
107
,
243

ERPs
see
event related potentials

errors
213
,
215
–
24
,
225
–
6
,
228

Ervin(-Tripp), S.M.
66
,
67
,
105
,
113

evaluation procedure
91

Evans, W.E.
26

Eve (‘Harvard child’)
64
,
73
,
75
,
114
–
16
,
144
,
242

event related potentials (ERPs)
52

everyday needs hypothesis (of language acquisition)
129
–
30
,
235

evidence, negative
137

expansions
63
–
5

feedback vs. evidence
137

Ferguson, C.A.
66
,
135
,
243

Ferreira, V.S.
230

Field, J.
240

Fiez, J.A.
53

filled pauses
213
–
14

Fillenbaum, S.
176

fine-tuning hypothesis
136

‘fingerprint’ approach
186

finite-state model
161

Firlik, K.S.
241

Fitch, T.
238

Fletcher, P.
118
,
120
,
242

Flores d’Arcais, G.B.
205

fluctuation in child language
116
–
17
,
121

fMRI
see
functional magnetic resonance imaging

Fodor, J.A.
86
,
130
,
172
–
4
,
187
,
190
,
191
,
205
,
209
,
212
,
243
–
4

Foley, C.
242

foot (rhythmic unit)
231

Ford, M.
191

formal vs. substantive universals
87
–
9

Foss, D.
189

Fourcin, A.J.
72

Fouts, R.S.
31

Fowler, C.A.
244

Franklin, Benjamin
123