Authors: Paul Dowswell
.
September 1942
.
When spring turned to summer in 1942, the war was still going Germany's way. Sirens occasionally sounded in Berlin, but no aircraft came to bomb the city. Peter and Anna continued to see each other whenever they could, and Peter always enjoyed his visits for tea with the Reiters.
Although he still liked his Onkel Franz, Peter was beginning to find some of Professor Kaltenbach's opinions preposterous â particularly compared to the measured outlook of Colonel Reiter. He seemed to notice this especially when Anna made one of her infrequent visits. She always felt uncomfortable at the Kaltenbachs' and Peter would be on tenterhooks wondering what she might say. Although conversation never rose above polite formality, she would occasionally make a withering remark which the Kaltenbachs seemed oblivious to. âWhat an inspirational painting,' she said as she looked at the print of Hermann Otto Hoyer's
In the beginning was the word
, which hung in the hall. It showed Hitler preaching to early Nazi converts. âHow well the artist has captured the adoration of the people. It reminds me almost of a Holbein or a Cranach.'
Peter would notice at once, and be torn between shrinking in horror and laughing up his sleeve. Sometimes Elsbeth would give her a sharp look but she never said anything.
Franz and Liese Kaltenbach hinted that they would like to meet Anna's parents. Liese had read Ula's articles in
Frauenwarte
and both of them thought the Colonel a very glamorous figure. Peter and Anna knew such a meeting would be excruciating and although Anna always promised she would ask her parents she always came back with an excuse â usually to do with their work commitments.
Anna had joined them for dinner one early autumn evening when Kaltenbach began to splutter about a news report he had just read concerning a group of youths who had been arrested in a Berlin Dance Hall. âSwing Youth, they call them. They wear their hair long, the boys â what soft eggs â and loud suits and scarves . . . and the girls, they wear their hair down and paint their faces. The Jezebels.
âThe music â that awful jazz or “Swing”, whatever it's called â what an unholy culture the Yankees have cooked up in that cesspit nation of theirs. This is what happens when you mix the races with such carelessness. And worst of all is the dancing. It's just degenerate. The boys and girls cavort together, shaking their bodies in a frenzy. Sometimes the girls whirl around in their skirts so everyone can see their underclothes. It's sheer pornography.'
The Kaltenbach girls, all three of them, looked suitably shocked.
Peter couldn't believe it. âWHERE is it happening?' he was bursting to say. âIt sounds marvellous.' He didn't dare look at Anna in case he gave away his thoughts.
Anna spoke up. âThey must be French or Russian workers,' she said with a straight face. âSurely German boys and girls would not behave like that?'
Kaltenbach ploughed on, venting his disgust. âSome of them are only fourteen or fifteen.' Bits of food were flying everywhere.
Anna said, âIt is almost unbelievable that some of our young people, all of them brought up in the spirit of National Socialism, have been drawn to behaviour that is so un-Germanic. I cannot imagine anyone I know behaving like that.'
Everyone agreed that this was deeply shocking, but they were lost for an explanation. Peter, in turn, was lost in admiration at Anna's performance.
As he walked her home, she said, âMutti told me about the Swing Youth last week. I told her it sounded fantastic. All those people rejecting their Nazi teaching. But Mutti wasn't so impressed. She said, from what she'd heard, they weren't rejecting anything. They just liked a good time. They're all kids like us. Well-to-do parents. They just want to forget about the war.' Then she said, âDon't you go getting mixed up with them though.' The Gestapo and the
Hitler-Jugend
security squads, they all go out looking for them.'
They walked along in silence, arms entwined. It was one of those lovely crisp autumn evenings when the stars sparkled cold white in the velvet sky. Then Anna giggled and drew Peter's arm tighter to her side. âWouldn't it be good to be free to go to a dance like that?' she said wistfully.
Peter saw Segur the next day at school and told him about it. âIt sounds thoroughly disgusting,' he said. âEspecially the dancing. All those flashing legs and knickers and all that shaking it all about. Imagine. People enjoying themselves, while our brave troops make so many sacrifices at the front. It's not very patriotic, is it.'
A few days later Segur said he knew someone, a boy in his block called Dieter, who hung around at a café on Bülowstrasse. There were boys and girls there who looked like the ones the newspaper had described. âLong hair. Flashy clothes. Girls who look like tarts. Only you know they're not. Too well-dressed. Too rich-looking. They're swing kids, aren't they! Dieter says they greet each other with “Swing Heil!”'
âLet's go,' said Peter. âI'll ask Anna.'
She reluctantly agreed. âIt sounds good, but let's not get ourselves arrested.'
âIt's not a dance,' said Peter. âJust a café. We can hang around with other people who aren't all hundred-percenters. And if it starts getting too raucous we can make our excuses and leave.'
The three of them went the next week. They all told their parents they were going to a Winter Relief collection meeting.
The place was called Café Lebensart and it did a fine line in cakes and coffee. No beer or wine. At least that was what the menu on the door said. The sign above it read â
The German greeting is Heil Hitler!
'
Although the place was crowded and buzzing with conversation, the door was locked. Peter knocked, not expecting to be heard. An elderly man, short and stubby, made his way to let them in. He greeted them with a smile and a twinkle in his eye, and showed them to a table.
A gramophone behind the counter began to play the most exciting music. Peter had heard something similar on the BBC but now he could hear it properly without the whistling. The music was a little like the sort of upbeat dance-band songs you heard on the request programmes for soldiers at the front. Only it was twice as fast and played with twice the passion. Saxophones or clarinets would take wild excursions over the melody and it was impossible to hear without grinning and tapping your feet.
The owner, who had let them in, was an Italian called Bernardo. He kept a close eye on who came and went, turning the music down to nothing whenever anyone new came to the door.
âSo what is this we're listening to?' said Peter, when Bernardo came to take their order.
âIt's the trumpet and drum brigade of the Munich
Hitler-Jugend
,' he said with a wink. Some boy behind them, who had overheard, turned and said, âBenny Goodman. He's just the coolest!'
Coolest? That was a new one to Peter. He supposed it meant good. It was certainly said with enthusiasm.
They ordered their coffee and cakes and sat there enjoying the feeling that they were doing something forbidden. From then on, the three of them managed to visit the café at least once a week. They became familiar faces and one day one of the girls took Anna aside and told her they were organising a dance in the basement of Café Berta, over by Hackescher Markt.
Anna returned to tell the boys. âWe've got to go,' said Segur. He turned to Anna. âMaybe you can bring a girl for me?'
Anna looked doubtful. âIs it worth it? This seems harmless enough,' she gestured around her, âbut a swing dance . . . we could end up in prison. Let's think about it.'
Peter grabbed her arm. âNo. Let's go! We've been coming here for a while now, and there's never been any trouble. Come on. Let's have a bit of fun.'
Anna still wasn't convinced.
The next time he saw her, Anna told Peter she had a present for him. âUnwrap it in secret when you get home. I found it in an old junk shop.'
It was a tie â with a red, yellow and white palm leaf motif on it. The pattern was stupendously vulgar and guaranteed to give Professor Kaltenbach apoplexy if he ever saw it. There was only one place in Berlin Peter could imagine wearing it.
.
Sneaking out with overcoats over the brightest clothes they could find, Peter, Anna and Segur made their way to the seedy backstreet café where the party was to take place. Segur pretended to be disappointed with Anna. âI thought you'd find a friend for me!' he chided.
Anna brushed him off with a laugh. âI don't know any girls disreputable enough to come to such a gathering, or to go out with an oaf like you!'
They started to punch each other on the arm. Segur said, âHey, Bruck, you're going out with a hussy. And a violent one at that.'
Anna said, âDon't worry. We'll find you a girl at the dance.'
She was in high spirits. The train was crowded and they all stood close to the carriage door. When they stopped at Tiergarten Station, she noticed an HJ group leader with a small squad of younger boys standing on the platform. âHe looks very pleased with himself,' she whispered to Peter. Just as the train began to move off she looked him straight in the eye and tapped the side of her head. The boys in his squad noticed and some started to giggle. Enraged, he walked down the platform with the train, shouting and banging on the window.
Everyone in the carriage was looking at them. âJust an old boyfriend,' announced Anna casually. âHe never forgave me for dumping him.'
They walked into a narrow courtyard off Oranienburger Strasse. Café Berta needed a lick of paint and the tables were sticky. A few others had already gathered there, drinking coffee, eating cakes. They fell into conversation with one lad who wore his hair long at the front, so it flapped over his eye.
âHow did you manage to grow your hair so long?' said Peter in admiration.
The boy grinned. âI wear a hat.'
After a while, when he was sure they were safe, and not
Hitler-Jugend
spies, the lad said, âI'm Karl. The party will be in the basement. It'll get going when a few more of us arrive.'
Peter had expected to see one or two familiar faces from Café Lebensart. But there was no one here he knew. Anna and Segur said the same thing. âWe're a rare breed,' said Segur. âThe rest of them are all polishing their jackboots or sewing combat proficiency badges on to their HJ jackets.'
It was then that Peter realised how right Anna had been not to bring anyone else. There was no one, apart from Segur, that they could be sure to trust.
Eventually, they were called downstairs, where there was a basement bar. They piled chairs and tables in one corner to make space in the middle of the room for dancing. Cobwebs and dust covered the place. âGood thing the light is so low,' said Segur. âI'd prefer not to see what I'm sitting on!'
Someone had pinned up a big American movie poster â
The Jazz Age
â showing a bright young couple kissing in front of a montage of frantic dancing and a huge bottle of gin. Anna translated the movie slogan for Peter. There were lots of words she could guess but only half understand. An older girl helped her with some of the words. âA scathing indictment of the bewildered children of pleasure . . . Riding the gilded Juggernaut of Jazz and Gin!!!'
âThat certainly sounds very silly,' said Anna. âI wonder what it means.'
âIt means have a shot of this,' said their new friend Karl, who had smuggled in a bottle of gin. They all had a nip and gradually began to feel less nervous.
A record player in the corner blared out jazz 78s. âIsn't it too loud?' said Anna.
âThey'll never hear it down here,' said Karl.
They listened to Duke Ellington, Benny Goodman, Louis Armstrong . . . these were the exotic names the boys and girls in the Café Lebensart had bandied about. It was so exciting to hear the music this loud. Couples started to do extraordinary dances. âIs that the jitterbug or the boogie-woogie?' said Anna to Peter, as couples threw themselves around the dance floor. They had heard about these American dances, which the Nazis had dismissed as displays of wanton abandon. He could certainly see why they thought that!
Anna tugged at his sleeve. âWould you like to ride the gilded juggernaut?' she asked with mock formality and dragged him into the middle of the room. They couldn't do what some of the dancers were doing â leaping over each other's shoulders â in fact they were lucky not to be hit by flying feet, but they could do the dance where you leaned back on each other's shoulders and waved your hands.
In the corner, a couple were kissing passionately. Peter didn't know where to look. Then Anna grabbed him by the back of the neck and they were kissing too, right there in the middle of the dance floor. Peter blushed, but no one seemed to notice or care.
Segur had found a girl to talk to. She was with a friend who seemed quite odd. They couldn't put their finger on it, until they saw her arm. It was hairy and quite muscular. She was heavily made-up but Peter was sure he could see a hint of stubble. âShe's a he,' said Peter to Anna. He was shocked, but then he began to think it was funny. So, here they were. With all the rebels in Berlin.