The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (466 page)

, and Fa-hsiang or Yog
c
ra/Vijñ
nav
da. These, and many smaller lineages, provided the theoretical basis for the development of the two great comprehensive Chinese systems of
T'ien-t'ai
, based on the
Lotus
S
tra
and founded by Hui-ss
(515–76); and Hua-yen, based on the
Avatamsaka
S
tra
and founded by Tu-shun (557–640). Lineages with a wider appeal among layfolk are
Zen
(Chin., Ch'an), attributed to the Indian missionary
Bodhidharma
(
c.
5th cent.) and
Pure Land
(Chin., Ching-t'u), perhaps founded by Hui-yüan (334–416). During the Sung and Ming Dynasties Zen and Pure Land were synthesized to form the basis of modern Chinese Buddhism.
Korean Buddhist lineages were at first extensions of the Chinese, with the Hua-yen (Hwa
m) being the most important and forming the doctrinal basis for all later Korean Buddhism. A distinctively Korean lineage, Popsong (Dharma Nature) was founded by
W
nhyo
(617–86) who attempted a comprehensive system based on the Awakening of Faith (
Mah
y
na
raddhotp
da-
astra