The Great War for Civilisation (226 page)

(n.) 433 A Scottish pathologist confirmed . . . detainee called Youssef Baba: See
International HeraldTribune
, 2 May 1995, “Palestinian Prisoner Shaken to Death by Israelis, Doctor Says,” citing report in
The New York Times
by Joel Greenberg;
The Nation
, 27 September 1999, “Israel's Torture Ban,” by Alexander Cockburn;
Independent
, 21 February 1997, “Torture deaths that shame Palestine: Horrific pictures show depravity of security force interrogators,” by Patrick Cockburn.

437 fired dozens of bullets into a car: See
Independent
, 21 July 2001, “Killing of baby by Jewish vigilantes ignites rural town,” by Phil Reeves.

438 When the Ross delegation came to Jerusalem: See
Ha'aretz
, 15 July 1993, citing Shahak,
Open Secrets
, p. 130.

(n.) 439 This “threat” was thrown into doubt: See
International Herald Tribune
, 12 May 1997, “General Dayan Speaks from the Grave,” by Serge Schmemann, originally published in
The New York Times
.

441 “Everything was pre-planned”: See
Jerusalem Post
, 2 November 2000, “Sharon says his Temple Mount visit was an excuse for violence,” by Greer Fay Cashman.

443 “Child Sacrifice Is Palestinian Paganism”:
Jerusalem Post
, 27 October 2000, article by Gerald M. Steinberg.

(n.) 448 “One gets the impression”: See
Ha'aretz
, 8 November 2000, “Mofaz: al-Dura probe was initiated by Southern Command,” by Anat Cygielman.

451 “All I possess in the presence of death”: “Pride and Fury” by Mahmoud Darwish, translated by Mouna Khouri and Hamid Algar in
New Writing from the Middle East
(ed. Leo Hamalian and John Yohannan) (New York: Mentor, 1978), pp. 67–8.

451 “It's not just ‘the dark night of the soul' when you have the resurgence”: interview with Hanan Ashrawi, Ramallah, 7 November 2000.

452 In the first month of the new intifada: Amnesty International,
Israel and the Occupied Territories: Excessive use of lethal force
, 19 October 2000.

Chapter Thirteen: The Girl and the Child and Love

453 “She and the other women”: Interview with Amira Hass, Jerusalem, 18 August 2001.

457 “A Polish prisoner warned him”: Interview with Shifra Stern, New York, 29 April 1997.

460 But I wrote an article:
Independent
, 28 July 1998.

460 “I thought it may be good”: Letter to author from Nezar Hindawi, 2 December 1998.

461 “another nation may take retribution”: See
Independent
, 25 January 1999, obituary of Sir William Mars-Jones.

462 “That man is pure unadulterated evil”: See
Evening Herald
, Dublin, 14 October 2004, interview by Sarah Glynn, “Let My Evil Ex Lover Rot in Jail.”

464 “First they killed the bodyguard”: Interview with Jihad al-Wazzir, Gaza, 12 April 2001.

(n.) 466 two of four Palestinian bus hijackers: See
The Times
, 5 May 1984, “Palestinian deaths after bus hijack ‘a mishap,' ” by Lynne Richardson; re-examination of dozens of cases: see Inde
pendent
, 25 June 1991, “Hit squads omission fuels rights inquiries,” by Michael Sheridan;
“Jewish religious law”
: see
Daily Star
(Beirut), quoting agency reports, “Chief rabbi blesses ‘targeted killings'”; “immoral and illegal practice”:
Independent
, 4 June 1992, “Israeli army tactics ‘immoral',” by Sarah Helm; 120 Palestinians had been killed:
Guardian
, 30 June 1993, “Israeli covert units ordered to shoot to kill, says report,” by Derek Brown; even President Mubarak of Egypt:
Egyptian Gazette
, 9 October 1997, “Moubarak denounces Israeli assassination attempt as ‘immoral'”; Israel had already been shocked: Associated Press report from Jerusalem, 21 August 1995, by Diana Cahn; Arab murdered by a Jewish “terrorist”: Agence France-Presse report from Jerusalem, 19 May 1998.

468 “Jerusalem looks like a Bosnia”:
Ha'aretz
, 2 August 2001.

469 It praises Sharon's “subtlety” because:
Wall Street Journal
, 2 August 2001.

(n.) 470 “these people who were shot”: Interview with Bassam Abu Sharif, Ramallah, 8 August 2001.

474 “What should the residents”:
Ha'aretz
, 12 August 2001.

477 “There are qualities”: Sayed Hassan Nasrallah, interviewed by the author,
Beirut to Bosnia:
Muslims and the West, a Personal Journey by Robert Fisk of
The Independent, dir. Michael Dutfield (Baraclough Carey/Chameleon), 1993, Episode 1, “The Martyr's Smile.”

(n.) 478 “as an Israeli”: Hass interview, 18 August 2001.

(n.) 479 The most shameful explanation: See
International Herald Tribune
, 1 April 2002, “Suicide Bombers Threaten Us All,” by Thomas L. Friedman, reprinted from New York Times.

(n.) 479 “we have been disturbed to find”:
The Friend
(London), 26 July 2002, also quoting Amnesty report from Gaza.

489 Some of Israel's “targeted killing”:
Vanity Fair
, January 2003, “Israel's Payback Principle,” by David Margolick.

489 “there is no language known”:
Mail on Sunday
(London), 23 September 2001, “You know the problem, now hear the facts,” by Stewart Steven.

489 “culture that glorifies depravity”:
Irish Times
, 6 October 2003, “Palestinian regime's murky terror links,” by Mark Steyn.

490 called for the execution of family members: See
Forward
, 7 June 2002, “Top Lawyer Urges Death For Families of Bombers,” by Ami Eden.

(n.) 490 “it is likely the misfortune”: John Feffer, North Korea, South Korea: U.S. Policy at a Time
of Crisis
(New York: Seven Stories Press, 2003), pp. 20–1.

496 “there were indeed wide-scale, ugly phenomena”: See
Ha'aretz
, 20 April 2002, “IDF admits ‘ugly vandalism' against Palestinian property,” by Amos Harel,
Ha'aretz
military correspondent.

(n.) 496 Amnesty International's statistics: 4 November 2002,
Israel and the Occupied Territories,
Shielded from Scrutiny: IDF violations in Jenin and Nablus
.

497 “apparently hundreds”: See
Los Angeles Times
, 13 April 2002, “Controversy over Israeli Plan to Bury Camp Dead,” by Richard Boudreaux.

498 their own meticulous investigation:
Independent Review
, 25 April 2002, “Once upon a time in Jenin,” by Justin Huggler and Phil Reeves.

499 “Okay, so there wasn't a massacre.”:
Ha'aretz Magazine
, 26 April 2002, “The power of the word,” by Arie Caspi.

499–500 Major Avner Foxman, said of the Adora killings:
National Post
, 29 April 2002, “Now I know what is a massacre,” by Stewart Bell.

500 “Israel needs to deliver a military blow”: See Friedman,
International Herald Tribune
, 1 April 2002, “Suicide Bombers Threaten Us All.”

506 who gave the order for the expulsion: See
Daily Telegraph
(London), 28 August 1995, “Peace process fails to obscure Rabin's past,” by Michael Adams.

506 “We walked outside”: See
Journal of Palestine Studies
, Summer 1980, pp. 96–118, “The Palestinian Exodus,” by Steven Glazer, citing a portion of Rabin's memoirs which was censored in the official edition but published in the
New York Times
, 23 October 1979.

507 bore “personal responsibility”:
The Commission of Enquiry into the Events at the Refugee
Camps in Beirut 1983
, Final Report (Authorized Translation) by Yitzhak Kahan, Aharon Barak, and Yona Efrat, p. 105.

507 So fearful were the Israeli authorities: See
Independent
, 27 July 2001, “Israel tells officials to avoid threat of arrest in Europe,” by Phil Reeves.

507 Belgian judges:
Plainte avec Constitution de Partie Civile
, Brussels, 18 June 2001, testimony of 52 pages on the murders, rapes, disappearances and other crimes committed in the Sabra and Chatila camps in Beirut on 16th, 17th and 18th September, 1982, signed by Chibli Mallat, Luc Walleyn and Michaël Verhaeghe; see also
Ha'aretz Magazine
, 10 August 2001, “A Lawsuit Sprouts in Brussels,” by Sara Leibovich-Dar, although this article erroneously claims that the author of this book had joined the plaintiffs in their suit.

507 described the Palestinians as a “cancerous manifestation”: see open letter from Israeli academics, 23 September 2002, on http://
www.middleeast.org
.

507 “chopping off limbs”:
Playboy
magazine, May 1995, “General Ariel Sharon,” interview with Ranan R. Lurie.

(n.) 507 Yaron was in Washington:
Ha'aretz
, 8 January 2003, “In Washington, Israel makes its case for massive U.S. aid,” by Moti Bassok.

508 “we stand together with you”: Cited by James Zogby, president of the Arab American Institute, 19 April 1999 on http://
www.aaiusa.org/wwatch_archives/041999.htm
.

508 “Sharon's racist imagination”:
Ma'ariv
, 12 April 1999, “Birds of a feather (or: The starling and the raven),” by Uri Avnery.

(n.) 508 The principal Allied excuses: See Martin Gilbert,
Auschwitz and the Allies: How the allies
responded to the news of Hitler's Final Solution
(London: Michael Joseph, 1981), pp. 299–323; also Gilbert's Winston S. Churchill, vol. VII, Road to Victory, 1941–1945 (London: Heinemann, 1986), pp. 846–7, for Churchill's reaction to bombing proposals.

509 Prominent American Jewish leaders:
Forward
, 10 May 2002, “Lobbyists Urge Bush to Ease Up on Sharon—Elie Wiesel: ‘Trust Him,' ” by Ami Eden.

509 Only a month earlier, the Americans rolled out:
Independent on Sunday
, 7 April 2002.

(n.) 509 “. . . there is something to the question”:
Ha'aretz
, 5 April 1999, “Neither Auschwitz nor 1948,” by Dan Margalit.

510 “fighting for the spoils”:
Ha'aretz
, 5 May 2002.

510 Amid what the Palestinian writer Jean Makdisi: See
Daily Star
, Beirut, “Jean Makdisi: Our strength lies in the simplicity of truth,” by Marianne Stigset.

510 “if our job is to seize”:
Ha'aretz
article by Haim Hanebi, cited in
Courrier International
, no. 589, 14–20 February 2002.

510 trapped and desperate Jews of the Warsaw ghetto: One of the most harrowing accounts of the ghetto rising can be found in Gilbert's
The Holocaust
, pp. 557–67.

510–11 B'Tselem estimated that between 1987 and May 2003: B'Tselem,
http://www.btselem.org/English/Statistics/

511 By 1993, 232 Palestinian children: B'Tselem,
The Killing of Palestinian Children and the
Open-Fire Regulations
, June 1993.

511 In one of its most shocking reports: Amnesty International, 1 October 2002.

(n.) 511 Yet just over two years later:
Independent on Sunday
, 31 October 2004, “A critical friend is not an enemy,” by Michael Williams. Readers requiring details of other human rights abuses should consult B'Tselem's voluminous and detailed reports, including
The Closure
of the West Bank and Gaza Strip: Human Rights Violations Against Residents of the OccupiedTerritories
, April 1993;
House Demolition During Operations Against Wanted Persons
, May 1993;
Deportation of Palestinians from the Occupied Territories and the Mass
Deportation of December 1992
, June 1993;
Firing at Vehicles by the Security Forces in the
Occupied Territories
, February 1994. Amnesty International's
Israel and the Occupied
Territories, Demolition and Dispossession: The destruction of Palestinian homes
, December 1999, is also essential reading. For Israeli army mistreatment of Palestinian civilians, see also the work of former Israeli soldier James Ron, now Assistant Professor of Sociology at Johns Hopkins, especially “Rabin's Two Legacies,” published in
al-Mustaqbal al-Arabi
(Beirut), 1996, shortened version in
Index on Censorship
(London), September 1996.

512 “I was at that time reading a terrible book”: L'Express, 27 December 2001, “C'est comme vous en Algérie, mais nous, nous resterons,” interview with Ariel Sharon by Alain Louyot. The book Sharon was referring to was, of course, Alistair Horne's
A Savage War of Peace:
Algeria 1954–1962
.

Chapter Fourteen: “Anything to Wipe Out a Devil . . .”

(n.) 515 Theories abound on the origin: Horne,
A Savage War of Peace
, p. 30n.

516 A magnificent photograph: See
Archives de l'Algérie
, pp. 28–9.

517 “Soldiers, civilised nations”: See Galibert,
Algérie
, p. 172.

518 its troops had asphyxiated 500: Ibid., p. 30.

518 “The country is without commerce”: le Baron Baude, Conseiller d'Etat, ex-Commissaire du Roi en Afrique, L'Algérie (Paris, 1841), cited in The Dublin Review, August 1842, p. 32.

518 “On December 24th 1832”: Galibert, pp. 554–6.

518 “Wherever there is fresh water”: Cited in Horne, p. 30.

519 “Despite the [1914] victory of the Marne”: Octave Depont, L'Algérie du Centenaire:
l'oeuvre française de libération, de conquête morale et d'évolution sociale des indigènes.
Les Berbères en France. La représentation parlementaire des indigènes
(Paris: Recueil Sirey, 1930), p. 113.

519 “There's no doubt that to give everyone”: Ibid., p. 186.