The Intimate Lives of the Founding Fathers (57 page)

Custis, Eliza, 39–40, 42

Custis, George Washington Parke, 38, 43, 44, 51, 53–54, 255

Custis, John, 21–22

Custis, John “Jack,” 15–16, 24, 25, 26–29, 30–32, 36, 38–42, 46, 53–54

Custis, Martha Dandridge,
see
Washington, Martha Dandridge Custis

Custis, Nelly,
see
Lewis, Nelly Custis

Custis, Nelly Calvert, 27–28, 29, 30–32, 36, 37, 38, 39–40, 42, 43

Custis, Patsy, 15–16, 24, 25, 26, 29–30, 31, 64

Cutler, Manasseh, 56–57

Cutts, Anna Payne, 371, 372, 373–74, 375, 378, 383, 384, 385, 394, 400, 403, 404, 405

Deane, Silas, 139–40, 141

“Deathbed Adieu from Th. J. to M.R., A” (Jefferson), 325–26

Declaration of Independence, 135, 228, 280, 295, 297, 298, 309, 324, 335, 346, 352, 362, 392–93, 395, 412, 415

Defence of the Constitutions of Government of the United States of America, A
(Adams), 162

Democratic Party, 331, 333, 335–36, 345, 346

Demosthenes, 274

Discourses on Davila
(Adams), 169

Domestic and Confidential Epistles
, 62–63

Domestic Life of Thomas Jefferson, The
(Randolph), 330, 346

Donald, David Herbert, 411

Douglas, David, 344

Du Bois, W. E. B., 409

Duer, William, 231

Dunglison, Robley, 324–25

Eacker, George, 245–46

Ebony
, 409, 412

Eden, Robert, 27–28, 31

Elizabeth I, Queen of England, 7

Ellis, Joseph, 336, 414

Episcopalians, 250–51, 252, 324

Eppes, Elizabeth, 289, 290–91, 292, 293, 303, 306, 308

Eppes, Francis (grandfather), 269, 279, 288, 292

Eppes, Francis (grandson), 315, 322

Eppes, Jack, 308, 309, 316, 317, 318

Eppes, Mary Jefferson “Polly,” 282, 283, 302–4, 305, 306, 308, 310, 313–17, 325–26, 332, 352, 412

Fairfax, Anne, 7, 9–10

Fairfax, Bryan, 12, 53

Fairfax, George William, 4, 6–7, 9, 10, 11, 17, 32, 33–34, 53

Fairfax, Lord, 6, 9, 10, 32

Fairfax, Sarah Cary “Sally,” xiii, 3–5, 6, 7, 22, 32, 33–34, 53–54, 58

Fairfax, William, 6–7, 12, 13

Fame and the Founding Fathers
(Adair), 410–11

Federalist Papers, The
, 226

Federalist Party, 164–65, 168, 175, 176, 177–78, 182, 184–89, 191–92, 193, 200, 239–40, 241, 244, 245, 247–48, 252, 309, 310–11, 314, 315, 318, 371–72, 374, 378, 381, 382, 386–87, 389, 397

First Amendment, 191, 413

Fitzpatrick, John C., 5, 16, 66–67, 70

Fleming, Edward, 217

Fleming, William, 264

Floyd, Kitty, 356–58, 363–66

Floyd, William, 356

Ford, West, 68–70, 420
n
–21
n

Foster, Eugene, 336–37, 338, 339, 341, 343, 416

Founding Fathers, xiii–xvi, 3–5, 114, 132, 181–82, 194–97, 205, 308, 309, 328–30, 352, 370;
see also specific individuals

Fourth of July, 135, 187, 205, 245–46, 248, 255, 324–25, 374, 403

Franklin, Abiah Folger, 74, 76

Franklin, Benjamin, 73–121

as ambassador to France, 38, 100, 102–15, 116, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 148, 150, 152, 153, 154, 157–58, 165–66, 281, 292, 294–95, 364

autobiography of, 74, 77, 79

British negotiations of, 92–93, 95–96

at Constitutional Convention (1787), 118–19, 415

in Continental Congress, 126, 140, 415

death of, 116, 120

electricity experiments of, 73–74, 87, 142, 261

family dynasty of, 86, 89, 91, 93–94, 116–17

as father, 89–90, 93, 96–101, 117, 118, 119

final years of, 115–21

as founding father, 94–96, 114–15, 162, 165–66, 195, 261, 294–95

health of, 86, 87, 115–16, 117, 119, 120, 158

John Adams’s relationship with, 103, 114–15, 126, 140, 141, 142, 143, 148, 153, 154, 157–58, 162, 181, 185, 195

in London, 75, 76, 81, 85–89, 91–96, 261

love life of, 75, 76–77, 82–83, 103–6, 114–15, 119–21, 142, 143, 229, 422
n

marriage of, xv, 73–81, 82, 83, 84, 86–88, 90, 92–93, 94, 95, 97, 110

in Paris, 102–17

in Pennsylvania Assembly, 84, 90

personality of, 77–80, 81, 102, 116

in Philadelphia, 73–85, 90–93, 96–101, 118–20

political career of, 73, 77, 80, 83, 84–85, 86, 90, 91–92, 95–97, 103, 107, 112–15, 126, 153–54, 165–66

as postmaster, 79, 80, 82, 95

as printer, 73, 74–77, 78, 79, 117

reputation of, 82, 86, 92–93, 100, 102, 103, 106, 114–15, 118, 126, 142, 154, 162, 165–66, 195, 261, 294–95

as revolutionary leader, 85, 90, 91–115

as scientist, 73–74, 78, 80, 83, 85, 87, 88, 92, 102, 142, 261

writings of, 79, 81, 85, 91

Franklin, Deborah Read, xv, 73–81, 82, 83, 84, 86–88, 90, 92–93, 94, 95, 97, 110

Franklin, Elizabeth Downes, 89–90, 94, 98–101, 113, 118, 119

Franklin, Francis Folger “Frankie,” xv, 78

Franklin, Jane, 83, 120

Franklin, John, 79, 82

Franklin, Josiah, 74, 76, 86

Franklin, Sarah “Sally,”
see
Bache, Sarah Franklin “Sally”

Franklin, William (Benjamin Franklin’s son), xv, 73–74, 78, 80, 83–89, 93, 94,
95, 96–101, 107, 112–14, 117, 118, 119, 126

Franklin, William Temple, 88, 89–90, 93, 96–97, 98, 100, 106, 107, 113–14, 118, 119, 154, 295, 399

Frazier, Mary, 171–72, 201

Free Some Day
(Stanton), 340

French and Indian War, 6, 11, 12, 16, 17–18, 92, 261, 314

French Revolution, 48–49, 52, 62, 169, 174, 175, 178–79, 184, 186, 188–89, 228, 241, 306, 309–10, 312

Freneau, Philip, 359

Fries’s Rebellion, 187, 188

Gage, Thomas, 29, 33, 60

Gallatin, Albert, 388, 397

Galloway, Joseph, 84, 90

Gates, Henry Louis, 343

Gates, Horatio, 218

Gates, Jane, 343

Gaylord, Levi, 329, 331

George III, King of England, 34, 45, 89, 93, 94, 95, 103, 158, 159, 170, 186, 216, 231, 261, 267, 274, 280

Georgia, 150, 151, 253, 283

Gerry, Elbridge, 147, 388

Gettysburg Address, 415

Gibbon, Edward, 365

Gibbons, Mary, 60–62

Gillon, Alexander, 153–54

Gordon-Reed, Annette, 415, 416, 437
n

Graeme, Elizabeth, 84, 85, 86, 89

Grant, Ulysses S., 331

Greene, Nathanael, 38

Greene, William, 120

Group, The
(Warren), 196–97

Hall, David, 80

Hamilton, Alexander, 209–55

background of, 209–16, 427
n

biographies of, 210–11, 212, 226, 232, 253

Burr’s duel with, 248–51, 253

congressional investigation of, 235–42

corruption charges against, 231, 235–42, 251–52

death of, 251–53

education of, 214–17

essays written by, 218, 224–27, 228, 229

extramarital affair of, xvi, 230–43, 244, 245, 247, 252, 310

as father, 227, 242, 243, 245–46

as Federalist leader, 164–65, 168, 175, 177–78, 191–92, 193, 225, 239–40, 241, 244, 245, 247–48, 252, 309, 314, 382

financial situation of, 212, 221, 226, 230, 238–39, 251–52

as founding father, 226, 233–34, 240–41, 252–54, 370

funeral of, 251, 252

as illegitimate child, 209–12, 221, 229

love life of, xvi, 215, 218–20, 225–43, 244, 245, 247, 252, 310

Madison’s opposition to, 224, 231, 241, 366, 370

marriage of, xvi, 218–22, 224–25, 227–28, 229, 230, 232, 233, 237–38, 241, 242–43, 244, 245, 248–55, 406

military career of, 52, 164, 183–84, 185, 186, 188, 189, 191, 217–18, 220, 222–23, 224, 244–46

pamphlets written by, 216, 240–41

pen names used by, 218, 226–27, 229

personality of, 211, 212–16, 217, 218–23, 243, 248–50

political career of, xv–xvi, 224–27, 228, 229–42, 244, 245, 247–53, 366, 370

political opponents of, 224, 226–27, 228, 231, 235–42, 247–53, 366, 370

press coverage of, 228, 229, 239–41, 243, 244, 310

religious views of, 215, 237–38, 248–51, 252, 253

Republican opposition to, 232, 235, 236–37, 238, 239, 241, 242, 243, 244, 252–53, 366, 370

reputation of, 214, 218, 222, 224–27, 228, 229, 230–54, 310

as Treasury secretary, 46, 47, 229–42, 251–52

Washington’s relationship with, 48, 164, 183–84, 189, 217–18, 220, 222–23, 224, 231, 233, 235–36, 238–39, 241–42, 244, 245, 253

will of, 251–52

writings of, 191–92, 213–14, 216, 218, 224–27, 228, 229, 240–41

Hamilton, Angelica, 246

Hamilton, Eliza, 254

Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler “Betsey,” xvi, 218–22, 224–25, 227–28, 229, 230, 232, 233, 237–38, 241, 242–43, 244, 245, 248–55, 406

Hamilton, James (father), 210–11, 214, 219, 221, 222, 223

Hamilton, James (son), 210, 211, 212, 249

Hamilton, John Church, 253

Hamilton, Philip, 227, 243, 245–46, 249

Hancock, John, 162, 281

Harrison, Benjamin, 40, 58–60, 61, 70

Hartford Convention, 396, 397

Harvard College, 5, 36, 127, 128, 155, 156, 166–67, 170, 187

Helvetius, Madame, 108–10, 114, 116, 117, 119–20, 143, 157–58

Hemings, Beverly, 323, 332, 345

Hemings, Elizabeth, 275, 289, 293, 304, 312, 327, 340, 347, 349, 429
n

Hemings, Eston, 323, 327, 328, 332, 337, 339, 340, 341, 342, 344, 345, 348, 351

Hemings, Harriet, 323, 332, 345

Hemings, James, 293, 305–6, 311, 340

Hemings, John, 323

Hemings, Madison, 323, 327, 331–33, 335, 336, 345–48, 349, 351, 409, 412, 415

Hemings, Mary, 313, 409

Hemings, Peter, 312

Hemings, Robert, 312

Hemings, Sally, xv, 304, 305–6, 310–15, 323, 327, 328–52, 409–16, 437
n

Henry, Patrick, 34, 273–74, 278–79, 280, 284, 286, 287, 361, 363, 364–65

Hewson, Polly Stevenson, 86, 88, 89, 91, 95–96, 98, 110–11, 120

History of the Republic as Traced in the Writings of…Hamilton
(Hamilton), 253

History of the Rise, Progress and Termination of the American Revolution, Interspersed with Biographical, Political and Moral Observations
(Warren), 195–97

Homer, 128, 291

Hosack, David, 243, 250, 251, 428
n

Howell, Samuel, 273, 275, 429
n

I Cannot Tell a Lie
(Bryant), 68–70

Irving, Washington, 4–5, 384

Izard, Ralph, 141–42, 150, 153, 165–66

Jackson, Andrew, 396–97, 401, 402, 404

Jay, John, 62, 150, 244

Jefferson, Field, 328, 337

Jefferson, Isaac, 350

Jefferson, Israel, 333–35, 346, 351

Jefferson, Jane, 259–60, 274, 276

Jefferson, Jane Randolph (granddaughter), 276, 278, 279

Jefferson, Jane Randolph (grandmother), xiv, 260–61, 262, 266, 278, 279

Jefferson, Lucy Elizabeth, 283, 284, 287

Jefferson, Lucy Elizabeth “Lu,” 283, 287, 294, 302

Jefferson, Martha “Patsy,”
see
Randolph, Martha Jefferson “Patsy”

Jefferson, Martha Wayles Skelton, xiii, 266–93, 298–99, 302, 304, 315, 325–26, 352, 429
n
–30
n

Jefferson, Mary “Polly,”
see
Eppes, Mary Jefferson “Polly”

Jefferson, Peter, 260, 261, 262, 307

Jefferson, Randolph, 261, 340, 350–51

Jefferson, Robert, 409–10

Jefferson, Thomas, 259–352, 407–16

Abigail Adams’s relationship with, 294, 296, 299, 304–5, 316–17

as ambassador to France, xiv, 281–82, 292–306, 364

as anti-Federalist leader, 175, 176, 177, 185

as architect, 268–69, 272, 276, 282–83

biographies of, xiii–xiv, 330, 333, 346, 351, 409–10, 412, 414–16

cabinet of, 372, 374, 380

in Continental Congress, 278–81, 287, 289, 294

death of, 205, 324–26, 346, 403

Declaration of Independence drafted by, 135, 280, 295, 297, 298, 309, 324, 335, 346, 352, 362, 412, 415

DNA testing for, 328–44, 351, 416

Dolley Madison’s relationship with, 332, 345–46, 347, 372–80

economic policies of, 228, 233, 234, 315, 370, 379–80

education of, 261, 262, 268–69, 273–74, 275, 281, 336, 346

as father, 271, 276, 278, 279, 282, 290–94, 302–8, 313–18, 352

Federalist opposition to, 310–11, 314, 318, 371–72, 378

final years of, 316–27, 346–47

finances of, 260, 261, 274, 306–7, 320–22, 323, 326–27, 405, 413

as founding father, 308, 309, 328–30, 352

Franklin’s relationship with, 115, 278, 294–95

French policy of, 247, 309, 314–15, 373, 377, 379

as governor of Virginia, 283–88, 292, 295, 323, 355, 363

as grandfather, 259, 318, 319–20

grave site of, 325–26, 327, 335–36

Hamilton as rival of, xiv, 175, 228, 229–30, 231, 234, 235–36, 238, 239, 244, 245–46, 247, 248, 252–53, 309, 352, 370

health of, 263, 279, 286, 288–93, 293, 294, 295, 297, 299–300, 323–25, 346–47