The March of Folly (79 page)

99.
Saturday Evening Post:
18 Nov 67.

100.
“DESTROY THE TOWN IN ORDER TO SAVE IT”
: heard by public over TV. The town was Ben Tre.
Wall Street Journal
. 23 Feb 68.

101.
CLIFFORD TASK FORCE:
Schandler, 121–76; Clifford,
Foreign Affairs
.

102.
KENNAN, “MEN IN A DREAM”
: q. Hoopes,
Limits
, 178.

103.
CLIFFORD’S TOUR OF SEATO NATIONS:
ibid., 169–71.

104.
DISENCHANTMENT:
Clifford,
Foreign Affairs;
Hoopes,
Limits
, 186–95.
NITZE:
ibid., 199.

105.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS:
PP, IV, 558.

106.
CLIFFORD, “NOT ONLY ENDLESS BUT HOPELESS”
: Clifford,
Foreign Affairs
.

107.
SENATOR TYDINGS:
Macpherson, 420.
DEMOCRATIC COMMITTEE TELEGRAM:
q. Powers, 300.

108.
CRONKITE BROADCAST:
transcript supplied by Mr. Cronkite.

109.
“THE SHOCK WAVES”
: q. Schandler, 198.

110.
Time
, “
VICTORY IN VIETNAM
”: 15 Mar 68.

111.
SENATE FRC HEARINGS:
NYT
, 8 Mar 68.
QUESTIONED AUTHORITY OF THE PRESIDENT:
Schandler, 211.
“WE JUST COULDN’T”
: Senator Jackson, q. ibid.

112.
ACHESON REVIEW:
Hoopes,
Limits
, 205; Kendrick, 259.

113.
SPEECH TO NATIONAL FARMERS UNION:
NYT
, 19 Mar 68.
ROWE REPORTS CALLS:
Rowe Mem. to President, 19 Mar 68, q. Schandler, 249.

114.
“WISE MEN” CONFERENCE:
Ridgway,
Foreign Affairs
, PP, IV, 266–8; Ball, 407–09.

115.
CLIFFORD, “TREMENDOUS EROSION”
: Macpherson, 435; Hoopes,
Limits
, 219.

116.
CABLET TO AMBASSADORS:
PP, IV, 595.

117.
WHEELER TO CINCPAC ON DECREASE OF SUPPORT:
q. Schandler, 279.

118.
FIELD AGENTS TELEPHONED:
Theodore White, 118.

6. Exit

1.
“IF THE WAR GOES ON SIX MONTHS”
: to Harrison Salisbury; Salisbury to author,
“END UP LIKE LBJ”
: q. Herring, 219.

2.
REISCHAUER, NO GUARANTEE:
Beyond Vietnam
, 19.

3.
RAND RANGE OF OPTIONS:
Konrad Kellen, one of the RAND specialists, to author.

4.
“ACCEPTABLE INTERVAL”
: q.
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
, Spec. Supp., D2.

5.
AN AMERICAN SERGEANT, AWOLS:
q. Richard Dudman,
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
, Spec. Supp., D10.

6.
“NOVEMBER OPTION”
: Szulc, 152.

7.
“A LITTLE FOURTH-RATE POWER”
: q. ibid., 150.

8.
“DORMANT BEAST”
: Kissinger, 244.

9.
ARMS FOR VIETNAMIZATION:
G. Warren Nutter, Asst. Sec. of Defense under Nixon, in Am. Enterprise
Vietnam Settlement
, 71.

10.
“LOSE THE WAR IN VIETNAM—BRING THE BOYS HOME”
: q. Kissinger, 307.
“BUMS”
: q. Herring, 232. Mitchell,
“LIKE THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION”
: q. Kendrick, 296.

11.
“SOUGHT TO DESTROY HIM”
: Kissinger, 299.

12.
“TO END THE WAR IN A WAY”
: q. Theodore White, 130.

13.
BURKE, “SHOW THE THING YOU CONTEND FOR”
: Speech of 19 Apr 1774, Hansard, XVIII.

14.
SAINTENY, “HOPELESS ENTERPRISE”
: q. Ball, 411.

15.
“
WITHOUT AGREEMENT WITH HANOI
”: Kissinger, 271.

16.
“CONTINUATION … LESS ATTRACTIVE”
: ibid., 262.

17.
SORTIES SYSTEMATICALLY FALSIFIED:
Shawcross, 19–35; Kissinger, 253.

18.
FBI WIRE-TAPS:
Kissinger, 252.

19.
“THOSE LIBERAL BASTARDS”
: q. Szulc, 158.

20.
NIXON’S SPEECH ANNOUNCING CAMBODIA CAMPAIGN:
30 Apr JO.
COSVN: KISSINGER
, 490, 506.

21.
“MILITARY HALLUCINATION”
: q. ibid., 511, n.d.

22.
250 STATE DEPT. STAFF MEMBERS:
ibid., 513.

23.
SAN JOSE INCIDENT:
Safire, 325.
“WE COULD SEE THE HATE”
: q. ibid., 329;
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
, Spec. Supp., D3.

24.
COLSON, “SIEGE MENTALITY”
: q. Herring, 233.
“GENUINELY BELIEVED”
: q. John Roche in Lake, 132.
WHITE HOUSE STAFF MEMBER:
Thomas Charles Huston, Safire, 297.
SEVENTEEN WIRE-TAPS
, Kissinger, 252.

25.
“RIGHT OUT OF THE OVAL OFFICE”
: John Dean’s testimony, q. Congressional Quarterly Service, 991.

26.
CONGRESS “A BODY OF FOLLOWERS”
: Riegle, diary entry for 9 June 71. On role of Congress on Vietnam in Nixon’s term, see Frye and Sullivan in Lake, 199–209, also Congressional Quarterly Service and of course Kissinger, passim.

27.
ARVN, FIGHTING TO ALLOW AMERICANS TO DEPART:
Fitzgerald, 416.

28.
POLL, “MORALLY WRONG”
: Harris, 73.

29.
LORD NORTH, “ILL SUCCESS”
: in May 1783, q. Valentine,
North
, II, 313.

30.
“THE BASTARDS HAVE NEVER BEEN BOMBED”
: q. Herring, 241.

31.
“COULD MAKE OR BREAK”
: q. Carl Bernstein and Robert Woodward,
All the President’s Men
, New York, 1974, 265.

32.
“RATFUCKING”
: ibid., 127–8.

33.
MAO, “DO AS I DID”
: q. Szulc, 610.

34.
NIXON, “MY ABSOLUTE ASSURANCE”
: Kissinger, 1412.

35.
AIR POWER FROM BASES IN THAILAND:
Gelb, 349.

36.
KISSINGER BACKED AWAY FROM AGREED TERMS:
Herring, 246.

37.
“WE HAD WALKED THE LAST MILE”
: Paul Warnke, Asst. Sec. of Defense 1967–69, succeeding McNaughton, American Enterprise
Debate
, 125.

38.
DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS:
Congress and Nation
,
III
.

39.
ULTIMATUM TO THIEU:
Kissinger, 1459.

40.
“A HOUSE WITHOUT ANY FOUNDATION”
: q. Dudman,
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
, Spec. Supp.,D 10.

41.
KISSINGER, “THE BREAKDOWN”
: Kissinger, 520.

42.
FORD, “CREDIBILITY … ESSENTIAL”
: message to Congress, Jan. 75.
KISSINGER, “FUNDAMENTAL THREAT”
: press conference of 26 Mar 75.

43.
RIDGWAY, “IT SHOULD NOT HAVE TAKEN”
: in
Foreign Affairs
.

44.
“NO EXPERTS AVAILABLE”
: McNamara to author.

45.
CONGRESSMAN FROM MICHIGAN:
Riegle, entry in diary for 20 Apr 71.

REFERENCE NOTES

1.
“SERVANT OF DIVINE REASON”
: Morton Smith in
Columbia History of the World
, ed. John Garraty and Peter Gay, New York, 1972, 210.

2.
PLATO, “GOLDEN CORD,” PUPPETS, DISEASE OF THE SOUL:
Laws
, I, 644–5, III, 689B.

3.
TACITUS, “MOST FLAGRANT”
:
Annals
, Bk XV, chap. 53.

4.
JEFFERSON, “WHENEVER A MAN”
: to Tench Coxe, 1799, q.
Oxford Dictionary of Quotations
, 3rd ed., 1980, 272, no. 11.
ADAM SMITH, “AND THUS PLACE”
:
Theory of Moral Sentiments
I, iii, 2, q.
Oxford Dictionary of Quotations
, 509, no. 8.

5.
SENATOR NORRIS:
Wayne S. Cole,
Senator Gerald P. Nye and American Foreign Relations
, Minneapolis, 1962, 67.
EISENHOWER, “EVERYONE IS TOO CAUTIOUS”
:
Diaries
, for 11 June 51.

6.
PLATO, “THE WORST OF DISEASES”
:
Laws
, III, 691D.

7.
“INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL”
: Kissinger, 54.

8.
COLERIDGE, “IF MEN COULD LEARN”
:
Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, 157
, no. 20.

9.
“HE HAD NO CHOICE”
: Schlesinger, 538.

10.
“MAGNANIMITY IN POLITICS”
: Speech on Conciliation, 22 Mar 1775, Hansard, XVIII.

11.
“CRIMESTOP”
: I owe the citation of this passage to Jeffrey Race, “The Unlearned Lessons of Vietnam,”
Yale Review
, Winter 1977, 166.

12.
STORY OF DARIUS:
Herodotus, Bk III, chaps. 82–6.

13.
MONTAIGNE, “RESOLUTION AND VALOR”
:
Complete Essays
, trans. Donald M. Frame, Stanford, 1965, II, 36.

14.
LILLIPUTIANS “HAVE MORE REGARD”
: Jonathan Swift,
Gulliver’s Travels
, Part One, chap. 6.

B
ARBARA
W. T
UCHMAN
achieved prominence as a historian with
The Zimmermann Telegram
and international fame with
The Guns of August
, a huge best-seller and winner of the Pulitzer Prize. There followed five more books:
The Proud Tower, Stilwell and the American Experience in China
(also awarded the Pulitzer Prize),
A Distant Mirror, Practicing History
, a collection of essays, and, most recently,
The March of Folly. The First Salute
was Mrs. Tuchman’s last book before her death in February 1989.