The Mob and the City (62 page)

92
.
Life
, December 9, 1957, p. 57.

93
. Bonanno,
Man of Honor
, p. 212.

94
.
Albany Knickerbocker
, October 16, 1961;
Utica Press
, April 12, 1962;
New York Herald Tribune
, November 4, 1959.

95
.
United States v. Bufalino
, 285 F.2d 408, 419 (2d Cir. 1960) (Clark, J., concurring);
Binghamton Press
, November 13, 1977.

96
. Since the appellate court reversed the convictions for insufficient evidence, it did not reach the trial court's ruling on the legality of the detention. The concurring judge, however, noted that the detention and search were “highly dubious” and that the admission of the resulting statements into evidence was of “doubtful validity.”
United States v. Bufalino
, 285 F.2d at 420 n. 3. These actions would likely be considered unconstitutional today.
Brown v. Texas
, 443 U.S. 47, 53 (1979).

97
.
United States v. Bufalino
(S.D.N.Y. 1959) (testimony of Croswell) (NARA NY).

98
. Dennis Eisenberg, Uri Dan, and Eli Landau,
Meyer Lansky: Mogul of the Mob
(New York: Paddington Press, 1979), p. 248.

99
. Robert Lacey,
Little Man: Meyer Lansky and the Gangster Life
(New York: Little, Brown, 1991), p. 35. Croswell denied having any advanced knowledge of the meeting. Interview of Croswell, in Box 1, COI (NYSA).

100
.
Hearings on Organized Crime: 25 Years after Valachi
, 387–88 (testimony of Valachi); FBI Report, Meeting of Hoodlums, Apalachin, NY, October 31, 1958, in RG 65 (NARA College Park).

101
. FBI Report, Meeting of Hoodlums, Apalachin, NY, November 20, 1959, and FBI Report, Santo Trafficante, January 17, 1958, both in RG 65 (NARA College Park).

102
. Testimony of Roy Williams, quoted in James B. Jacobs, Christopher Panarella, and Jay Worthington,
Busting the Mob: United States v. Cosa Nostra
(New York: New York University Press, 1994), p. 187.

103
. Bonanno,
Man of Honor
, p. 209.

104
. Selwyn Raab,
Five Families: The Rise, Decline, and Resurgence of America's Most Powerful Mafia Empires
(New York: St. Martin's Press, 2005), pp. 118–19.

105
. Reavill,
Mafia Summit
, pp. 90, 206–207, 275.

106
. Reuter Report, p. 24;
New York Times
, July 10–11 and July 23, 1956.

107
. See chapter 4.

108
. Testimony of Joseph Profaci (1959), in Box 7, COI (NYSA); testimony of Joseph Magliocco (1958), in Box 9, COI (NYSA).

109
. Colloquy of Robert Kennedy and John Montana in
Hearings before the Select Committee on Improper Activities
, 12312–14.

110
. Testimony of Rao (1959), in Box 7, COI (NYSA);
United States v. Bufalino
(S.D.N.Y. 1959) (testimony of Croswell) (NARA NY).

111
.
United States v. Bufalino
, 285 F.2d at 412–19 (Clark, J., concurring). Given Croswell's prior wiretapping, defense lawyers cross-examined Croswell concerning whether he was tipped off by a wiretap that day. Croswell testified that he had not listened to a wiretap on Barbara's house in some time, and the defense had no contrary evidence.
United States v. Bufalino
(S.D.N.Y. 1959) (testimony of Croswell) (NARA NY).

112
.
Binghamton Press
, June 22, 1959.

113
. Wiretap conversation quoted in
Saturday Evening Post
, November 9, 1963.

114
. Bonanno,
Man of Honor
, p. 215.

115
. Joseph Valachi, “The Real Thing” (unpublished manuscript), p. 922, in Boxes 1–2, Joseph Valachi Personal Papers, John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston, MA.

116
. Nicholas Pileggi,
Wiseguy: Life in a Mafia Family
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1985), p. 22.

117
. President Eisenhower's Daily Appointment Schedule, Friday, November 15, 1957, available at
http://millercenter.org/scripps/archive/documents/dde/diary
, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library and Museum, Abilene, KS; Daily Logs of the Director of the FBI, November 15, 1957, in RG 65 (NARA College Park).

118
.
New York Times
, November 16, 1957.

119
. Interview of Robert Kennedy, quoted in Edwin Guthman and Jeffrey Shulman, eds.,
Robert Kennedy in His Own Words: The Unpublished Recollections of the Kennedy Years
(New York: Bantam, 1988), p. 120.

120
. William C. Sullivan,
The Bureau: My Thirty Years in Hoover's FBI
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1979), pp. 117–22.

121
. FBI Report, MAFIA, July 9, 1958, in FBI FOIA File on Mafia Monograph, available at
http://vault.fbi.gov/Mafia%20Monograph
(accessed July 25, 2013).

122
. Ibid., p. 2 (underline in original). The report's evidence was weak by today's standards

123
. Sullivan,
Bureau
, p. 121.

124
. Roemer,
Man against the Mob
, p. 24.

125
. Letter of J. Edgar Hoover, March 14, 1961, reprinted in
Everything Secret Degenerates: The FBI's Use of Murderers as Informants: House Rep. 108–414
, House of Representatives, 108th Cong., 2d Sess. (2004), 1–15, 38–40, 126–29, 452–57;
Hearings on Organized Crime: 25 Years after Valachi
, 238–392 (testimony of Valachi).

126
. This table is derived from (1) Reports of Troopers, November 15, 1957, in Box 1, COI (NYSA); (2) Memorandum of Lumbard to Kirk, December 4, 1958, in Box 5, COI (NYSA); and (3) the Reuter Report. The attendees’ positions are based on FBI reports and Mafia family charts in
Organized Crime and Illicit Traffic in Narcotics: Hearings before the Committee on Government Operations, Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations
, Senate, 88th Cong., 1st Sess. (1963).

127
. Although Joseph Barbara Sr. and Russell Bufalino were technically under the Magaddino Family of Buffalo, for all practical purposes Barbara was the boss of Endicott, New York, and Bufalino was the boss of northeastern Pennsylvania. FBI Report, The Criminal “Commission;” Buffalo Division, January 14, 1963, and FBI AIRTEL, La Cosa Nostra AR–Conspiracy, April 1, 1969, both in RG 65 (NARA College Park).

Archival Sources

John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston, MA

Joseph Valachi Papers, 1964

Records of Robert F. Kennedy, 1957–1963

John Jay College of Criminal Justice, Lloyd Sealy Library, New York, NY

Trial Transcripts of the County of New York, Court of General Sessions, 1883–1927

Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, Ithaca, New York

Records of International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union, Transcript in
People against Macri

National Archives and Records Administration, College Park, MD

Records of the Department of State, Files of Suspected Narcotics Traffickers, 1923–1954

Records of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1896–1996

Records of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, 1915–1946

Records of the Federal Bureau of Prisons, Case Files of Notorious Offenders, 1919–1975

Records of the United States Secret Service, Daily Reports of Agents, 1875–1936

National Archives and Records Administration, New York, NY

Records of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit

Records of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York

National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC

Records of the Special Committee to Investigate Organized Crime in Interstate Commerce

Records of the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations

New York Municipal Archives, New York, NY

Kings County District Attorney, Murder, Inc., Case Files, 1940–1945

Lucky Luciano Closed Case File, 1936

New York Police Department Files on Albert Anastasia Case, 1954–1963

New York County District Attorney Records, Closed Case Files, 1895–1966

Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Death Records, 1918–1946

Records of Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia, Subject Files, 1934–1945

New York State Archives, Albany, NY

Master Files of the New York State Temporary Commission of Investigation on Apalachin

Records of the Department of Correctional Services

Stanford University, Department of Special Collections, Stanford, CA

Federal Bureau of Narcotics Agent George White Papers, 1932–1970

University of Notre Dame, Rare Books and Special Collections, Notre Dame, IN

Federal Bureau of Narcotics Agent Max H. Roder Journals, 1931–1959

University of Rochester, Department of Special Collections, Rochester, NY

Governor Thomas E. Dewey Papers, Prison Reports of Charles Luciano

Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison, Wisconsin

International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America Records, 1904–1952

Books

Abadinsky, Howard.
Organized Crime
, 10th ed. (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 2013).

Anderson, Annelise.
The Business of Organized Crime: A Cosa Nostra Family
(Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press, 1979).

Bell, Daniel.
The End of Ideology
(New York: Collier Books, 1961).

Block, Alan A.
East Side, West Side: Organizing Crime in New York, 1930–1950
(Piscataway, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1983).

Bonanno, Joseph, with Sergio Lalli.
A Man of Honor: The Autobiography of Joseph Bonanno
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983).