The Red Market (26 page)

Selvam, Maria, 61–65

sex selection, 117, 132–13

Shankar, S., 98, 99, 106–7

Shantha Biotech, 189

Sharp, Leslie, 74–75

Shatzky, Omer, 131–32, 133

Sheikh, Abdul Waheed, 79

Sher, David, 131–33

Shroff, Geeta, 213–15

shrunken heads, 18

Singer, Peter, 124

Singh, K. M., 163

Sisti, Claudia, 130

Sitla Hospital, 152, 171–72

Sivagama, 92–94, 98–100, 104–8, 109

skeleton trade. See bone factories

Smerdon, Usha, 146

Smolin, David, 97–98

social classes, and red markets, 6–7

soul, 3, 3n

Spain, egg harvesting, 127–31

Sri Tirumula Temple, 221–26

Srivastav, Vishwajeet, 156

Stanford Medical School, 52

stem cell research, 197–200, 209–19

Strange Harvest (Sharp), 74–75

Subash, 92–94, 98–100, 104–8, 109

Subrammaniyan, S. R., 210–12

Sujiatun Hospital, 82–83

Sun Pharmaceuticals, 189

supply and demand, 12–13, 81–82, 205, 234–35

surgical innovation, 202–3

surrender deeds, 93–94, 95, 97, 102, 104

surrogacy tourism, 135–51

Akanksha clinic, 135–41, 144–45, 147–48

contracts, 138, 141, 144, 146, 147

costs and surrogate payments, 138, 141, 146, 148

ethical issues, 144, 145–46, 150

explosion in India, 141–42

regulatory issues, 142–44, 146–47

synthetic market, 206–9, 218

tea stalls, 71n, 72

TGN1412, 176

thalassemia, 121

Till, James, 199

Titmuss, Richard, 9–10, 11, 13, 14–15, 164–65, 167–68

Toole, Lynn, 101–2

Traffic in Dead Bodies, A (Sappol), 46, 49

transparency, 14, 18–19, 80, 89, 236–38

transplant lists, 11–13, 66–67, 76–79, 89

Trokoudes, Krinos, 111–12, 116, 116–18, 122, 206

Tsunami Nagar refugee camp, 61–65, 68–74

Tuskegee syphilis studies, 181

UNICEF, 97

United Group Programs, 67

United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), 12, 76

University of Wisconsin-Madison, 16, 175

Varanasi, 16, 23

Vassiliou, Androulla, 122

Verlinsky, Oleg, 118–21

Verlinsky, Yuri, 118

Viagra trial, 175–78, 182–86

Vioxx, 202

Viral Genetics, 193–94

vitamin E, 182

voluntary blood donations, 9–11, 160–62, 165, 166–70

Waldby, Catherine, 179, 204

Wang, Guoqi, 83–84, 88

Weiner, Jonathan, 200

White Coat, Black Hat (Elliott), 180n

white markets, 5

Winfrey, Oprah, 135–36, 145

Wired News, 16, 190–91, 212

Wisconsin Department of Children and Families, 102

World Health Organization (WHO), 79–80, 233–34

World War II, 9–10, 166–67

Wu, Harry, 83

Yadhav, Papu, 154–57, 159–62, 170

Young Brothers, 43–44, 54–56, 59

Zavos, Panayiotis Michael, 206

Zoe’s Ark, 96

I
BELIEVE THAT
writers are only as good as their editors. I have been fortunate enough to work with some of the most talented wordsmiths in the industry, who have labored over my half-formed ideas and counseled me through challenging and occasionally dangerous assignments. This book would simply not have been possible without Matthew Benjamin at William Morrow, who saw this project from its infancy. My mentor and confidant, Ted Greenwald, who, as senior editor at
Wired,
introduced me to feature writing and showed me that a career in journalism was possible. With steady hands and swift guidance, Mike Mechanic and Monika Bauerlein at
Mother Jones
helped see three chapters of this book to completion. Also Bill Leuders, Sarah Spivack, and Jeff Chu played a hand in helping refine my ideas.

Rachel Swaby, Sonja Sharp, and Jennifer Phillips, who comprise the fact-checking teams at
Wired
and
Mother Jones,
helped to ensure the accuracy of almost everything in this book, sometimes going so far as to reverse-report entire features, listening to countless hours of tape to confirm the direct quotes in much of this manuscript.

Some of the most difficult research subjects were made easier with the help of excellent on-the-ground assistants in India, Cyprus, and Spain. Divya Trivedi has accompanied me on assignments in four states across North India, from blood farms and surrogate clinics to police stations and militant camps. In Chennai, Hassan Mohammed and Sripriya Somashekhar translated interviews with kidney sellers and brokers. In West Bengal, Arup Gosh led me though a netherworld of bone dealers and grave robbers. In Spain and Cyprus, Rabia Williams, Lucas Psillakis, and Christina Boudylina helped inquire into the dark side of the human egg business.

Between 2006 and 2010 my work has been generously supported by the Fund for Investigative Journalism and the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting as well as a short residency at the Ledig House Writers Retreat in Omi, New York.

The credit for this book’s being published at all goes largely to my former literary agent, Mary Ann Naples, of the Creative Culture, who graciously told me which ideas were worth pursing and which were best relegated to the dustbin of nonfiction literature. She started a new career online, but left me in the capable hands of Laura Nolan, at DeFiore and Company, who has stewarded my work to completion. I look forward to a long relationship with her.

Of course many other people along the way offered advice and opened doors that might otherwise have been closed. In no particular order I’d like to thank Jaya Menon, Neha Dixit, Bappa Majumdar, David Sher, Catherine Waldby, Stefanos Evripidou, Rama Rau, Doros Polycarpou, Arun Dohle, Mags Gavan, Joost Van der Valk, Tim Perell, Jason Miklian, Tom Pietrasik, John Wheeler-Rappe, Danielle Anastasion, Anne Yang, Wen-yi, Lisa Ling, Raymond Telles, Marshall Cordell, Katia Backho, SOS International, the Gaya police thanna, Gaya Medical College, Joel Guyton Lee, Dan MacNamara, Carolyn Fath, Craig Kilgore, and D. W. Gibson.

Thank you to all my sources. Throughout this book I have changed many names at the request of people who would only speak on the condition of anonymity, or those for whom revealing their identity could be dangerous.

My mother and father, Linda and Wilfred Carney; my sisters, Laura and Allison; my stepmother, Joan Moriarty Carney; and my in-laws, Indira and Govi, have borne the brunt of my odd working schedule, worried as I traveled out on dangerous assignments, and read clumsy early drafts of the manuscript.

Most important, my wife, Padma Govindan, has been a steadfast companion through the darkest hours and the most inspiring moments. She has been a sounding board for all my ideas and a guide on complex issues. I am blessed to have her in my life.

SCOTT CARNEY
is an investigative journalist with a decade of experience living and researching in India. He is a contributing editor at
Wired
magazine. His reporting has also appeared on NPR, CBC, BBC, and National Geographic TV, and in
Mother Jones
,
Fast Company, Discover
, and
Foreign Policy
. He lives in Long Beach, California.

www.scottcarney.com
www.redmarkets.com

Visit www.AuthorTracker.com for exclusive information on your favorite HarperCollins authors.

Portions of this book previously appeared, in slightly different form, in the following publications: chapter 2, “The Bone Factory,” in
Wired,
December 2007; chapter 3, “Kidney Prospecting,” on Wired.com, July 2007; chapter 4, “Meet the Parents,” in
Mother Jones,
March/April 2009; chapter 5, “Immaculate Conception,” in
Fast Company,
September 2010; chapter 6, “Cash on Delivery,” in
Mother Jones,
March/April 2010; chapter 8, “The Clinical Labor of Guinea Pigs,” on Nerve.com; chapter 10, “Black Gold,” in
Mother Jones,
March/April 2010.

Except where noted, all photographs copyright © by Scott Carney.

THE RED MARKET
. Copyright © 2011 by Scott Carney. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the nonexclusive, nontransferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on-screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, downloaded, decompiled, reverse-engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins e-books.

FIRST EDITION

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data has been applied for.

ISBN 978-0-06-193646-3

EPub Edition © June 2011 ISBN: 9780062079589

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