Read The Soundscape: Our Sonic Environment And The Tuning Of The World Online
Authors: R. Murray Schafer
The bell denotes
Durandus, Bishop of Mende, 1286. Quoted from
Tintinnabula
, Ernest Morris, London, 1959, pp. 43–44.
p. 175
The whole air
Emily Can*,
Hundreds and Thousands
, Toronto/Vancouver, 1966, pp. 248–249.
p. 177
Holy Rosary Cathedral
See
The Vancouver Soundscape
, Vancouver, 1974, and
Five Village Soundscapes
, Vancouver, 1976.
seven church bells
The account is to be found in Strindberg’s
The Red Room
, New York/London, 1967, pp. 2–3.
center of the bell
I have borrowed this paragraph and numerous other ideas about the symbolism of the horn from an unpublished study of the subject by Bruce Davis.
p. 178
Greek word siren
Cf. Gabriel Germain, “The Sirens and the Temptation of Knowledge,” in
Homer
, eds. G. Steiner and R. Fagles, New Jersey, 1962, p. 94.
p. 180
And, sitting in
Albert Camus,
The Outsider
, trans. Stuart Gilbert, Harmonds-worth, Middlesex, 1972, pp. 98 and 104–105.
CHAPTER THIRTEEN:
Noise
p. 184
some researchers
Alexander Cohen
et al
, “Sociocusis—Hearing Loss from Non-Occupational Noise Exposure,”
Sound and Vibration
, 4:11, November, 1970.
See also Clifford R. Bragdon,
Noise Pollution: The Unquiet Crisis
, Philadelphia, 1971, pp. 74–76.
power lawnmowers
William A. Shearer, “Acoustical Threshold Shift from Power Lawnmower Noise,”
Sound and Vibration
, 2:10, October, 1968.
rock concerts
See
Time
magazine, August 9, 1968, p. 51.
Russian researchers
“Seminaire Interregional sur l’Habitat dans ses Rapports avec la Sante Public,” World Health Organization PA/185.65. See summary in WHO
Chronicle
, October, 1966.
p. 185
Dr. Samuel Rosen
Samuel Rosen
et al
, “Presbycusis Study of a Relatively Noise-Free Population in the Sudan,” American Otological Society,
Transactions
, Vol. 50, 1962.
traffic noise A Community Noise Survey
, Greater Vancouver Regional District, 1971, p. 12.
p. 189
In those days The Epic of Gilgamesh
, trans. N. K. Saunders, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, 1971, p. 105.
p. 190
By the thirteenth century
A. L. Poole, ed.,
Medieval England
, Vol. 1, Oxford, 1958, pp. 252–254.
p. 196
Venezuela
Venezuela,
Gaceta Municipal
, Capitulo 1, articulo quinto (1972).
Tunis
Ville de Tunis,
Arrete du 17 Octobre, 1951
, art. 5.
p. 197
Voyage en Icarie
Etienne Cabet,
Voyage en Icarie
, Paris, 1842, p. 65.
p. 198
In Luxembourg
Ville de Luxembourg,
Reglement General de Police
, Chapitre II, art. 32.
In Bonn
Bonn,
Strassenordnung
, para. 5 (1970).
In Freiburg
Freiburg,
Polizeiverordnung
, para. 2 (1968).
Between the hours
Ville de Tunis,
Arrete sur le Bruit
, article premier (1955).
one incident
Albert Camus,
The Outsider
, trans. Stuart Gilbert, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, 1972, pp. 104–105.
schnitzels
Dr. Hublinger, Essen; personal communication.
mah-jong parties
C. McGugan, Assistant to the Colonial Secretary, Hong Kong; personal communication.
hotels in India
See S. K. Chatterjee, R. N. Sen and P. N. Saha, “Determination of the Level of Noise Originating from Room Air-Conditioners,”
tte Heating and Ventilating Engineer and Journal of Air-Conditioning
, Vol. 38, No. 59, February, 1965, pp. 429–433.
p. 199
Mombasa (Kenya)
D. S. Obhrai, Town Clerk, Mombasa; personal communication.
Auckland (New Zealand)
R. Agnew, Chief City Health Inspector, Auckland; personal communication.
Rabat (Morocco)
Mohamed Sbith, Prefecture de Rabat-Sale; personal communication.
Izmir (Turkey)
Izmir,
By-law Concerning Bus Terminals
, art. 25.
auctioneer’s bells
The repeal is contained in City of Melbourne, By-law 418 (1961).
No bell or crier
Manila, Ordinance No. 1600, Sect. 846 (1961).
Manila Ibid
.
Vendors Ibid
., Sect. 846-a.
Another ordinance
Manila, Ordinance No. 4708, Sect. 848-a (1963).
Monday to Saturday
Municipalidad de San Salvador,
Ley del Ramo Municipal
, art. 8 (1951).
The same sound
Arthur Paulus, Ville de Luxembourg, Administration des travaux; personal communication.
p. 200
Manila restricts
Manila, Ordinance No. 1600, Sect. 847 (1961).
In Chiclayo (Peru)
Chiclayo,
Reglamento sobre Supresion de Ruidos Molestos en las Cuidades
, art. 11 (1957).
In Genoa
Genoa,
Regolamenta di Polizia Comunale
, art. 64 (1969).
and Hartford
Hartford, City Ordinance, 21–2k (1967).
Damascus (Syria)
Damascus, By-law No. 401, Sect. 3, para. 8 (1950).
In Canada
Cf.
A Survey of Community Noise By-laws in Canada (1972)
. World Soundscape Project, Burnaby, B.C.
Adelaide (Australia)
Adelaide, By-law No. IX, Sect. 3–1 (1937).
Buffalo (New York)
Buffalo, Noise Control Ordinance, art. XVII, paras. 1703–11.
Sioux City (Iowa)
Sioux City, Ordinance No. 21954, Sec. 9–11 (1972).
It shall be
Oklahoma City, The Charter and General Code, Chapter 3, 9.3.09 (1960).
Salisbury (Rhodesia)
Wm. Alves, Mayor of Salisbury; personal communication.
A person using
LA. McCutcheon, Town Clerk; personal communication.
p. 201
Noises associated
Mary Douglas, “The Lele of Kasai,” in Daryll Forde, ed.,
African Worlds: Studies in the Cosmological Ideas and Social Values of African Peoples
, London, 1963, p. 12.
CHAPTER FOURTEEN
:
Listening
p. 207
Hare Krishna sect
Cf.
Regina vs. Clay Harrold
, Vancouver Court of Appeal, March 19, 1971.
p. 212
David Lowenthal
David Lowenthal, “The American Scene,”
The Geographical Review
, Vol. LVIII, No. 1, 1968, p. 72.
Mark Twain
Mark Twain,
Life on the Mississippi
, New York and London, 1929, pp. 79–80.
William James
William James, “On a Certain Blindness in Human Beings,” in
Talks to Teachers on Psychology
, New York, 1958, pp. 149–169.
CHAPTER FIFTEEN
:
The Acoustic Community
p. 215
Between these ramparts
Notker the Stammerer,
Life of Charlemagne
, trans. Lewis Thorpe, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, 1969, p. 136.
p. 216
closed windows
Quoted from Kurt Blaukopf,
Hexenkuche der Musik
, Teufen, Switzerland, 1959, p. 45.
p. 217
no echo answers
Quoted from David Lowenthal, “The American Scene,”
The Geographical Review
, Vol. LVIII, No. 1, 1968, p. 71.
The dense forest
George Green,
History of Burnaby and Vicinity
, Vancouver, 1947, p. 22.
p. 219
One voice
Lucretius,
De Rerum Natura
, trans W. H. D, Rouse, London, 1924, pp. 289–291.
tenths of a second
W. C. Sabine,
Collected Papers on Acoustics
, New York, 1964, p. 170.
p. 221
It is probable Ibid
., p. 255.
Hence in accordance
Vitruvius,
De Architectura
, Book V, trans. F. Granger, London, 1970, pp. 277–279.
Someone will say Ibid
., p. 281.
p. 223
On the other hand
Leslie L. Doelle,
Environmental Acoustics
, New York, 1972, pp. 3, 6, 19–20.
CHAPTER SIXTEEN
:
Rhythm and Tempo in the Soundscape
p. 226
The heartbeat range
See the graph in Abraham Moles,
Information Theory and Esthetic Perception
, London, 1966, p. 139.
p. 228
in Proust
See Walter Benjamin,
Illuminations
, New York, 1969, p. 214.
He heard
Leo Tolstoy,
Anna Karenina
, trans. C. Garnett, New York, 1965, pp. 265 and 267.