The Tylenol Mafia (59 page)

In 1982, Johnson & Johnson
:
Gurowitz
, Margaret “If a Train leaves Chicago.”
Kilmer House blog, September 18, 2009.
Accessed July 2, 2011.
http://www.kilmerhouse.com/2009/09/if-a-train-leaves-chicago/

During World War I and World War II:
Catton, Bruce.
The War Lords of Washington
, 1948.

Johnson held a Reserve Army commission: Associated Press. “FDR Promotes 63 High Army Officers.”
The San Antonio Light,
May 5, 1943.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt had established the WPB: Roosevelt, Franklin.
“Executive Order 9024 Establishing the War Production Board.”
The American Presidency Project.
January 16, 1942. Accessed July 1, 2011
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=16297#axzz1RUi6pKWQ

From 1942 to 1945, the chairman of the WPB was Donald M. Nelson: “Nelson gets World’s Biggest Single Job.”
LIFE
, January 26, 1942.

In January 1943
, Donald Nelson: United Press International.
“Nelson Acts to Save the Little Business Concerns
.”
The Hammond Times
, January 24, 1943.

Truman said he was concerned: Truman, Harry S. “Monopolistic Tendencies of the War Production Board – Aid for Small Business.”
Congressional Record,
February 11, 1943.

Johnson & Johnson was still privately held during World War II:
Goldsmith, Barbara.
Johnson V. Johnson
, 1988.

As chairman of the SWPC:
Heath, Jim F., “American War Mobilization and the Use of Small Manufacturers, 1939-1943.”
The Business History Review
, Vol. 46, No. 3 (autumn, 1972), pp. 295-319.

The ordnance plant:
 
Sangamon Ordnance Plant.
Wikipedia.
Accessed May 28, 2010.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangamon_Ordnance_Plant

On May 4, 1943: Associated Press. “FDR Promotes 63 High Army Officers.”
The San Antonio Light,
May 5, 1943.

During his time as chairman of the SWPC: Fowler, C. W. “History of the Administrative Policies of the Smaller War Plants Corporation.”
Histories of the Smaller War Plants Corporation
, 150-54

 
“
champion
of civilian economy to a large degree
”: Associated Press.
“Johnson Sheds Uniform to Fight for Civilians
.”
San Antonio Express
, August 11, 1943.

In announcing his:
Associated Press.
“Johnson Sheds Uniform to Fight for Civilians.”
San Antonio Express
, August 11, 1943.

Until the day he died:
Goldsmith, Barbara
. Johnson V. Johnson
.
Knopf, 1987.

Four months after Johnson resigned
:
Gurowitz
, Margaret.
“1944: From Private to Public.”
Kilmer House Blog.
August 3, 2009.
Accessed July 2, 2011.

Johnson was tremendously critical: “The Individualist.”
The Billings Gazette
, February 2, 1950, pg. 4.

In an article titled “Dig-Son-Dig
”:
 
Johnson, Robert Wood. “Dig, son, dig - new weapons now threaten industrial strength of America.”
Army Ordnance
, Vol. 31, No. 160, January - February 1947, p.
 
347-9.

 
“To what extent should”: Associated Press. Factories Protected Against Atomic Bomb Assaults Urged.”
The Galveston Daily News
January 6, 1947.

 
“Let the military”:
 
“Underground is
Proposed
for Those Making Atomic Products
.” The Norwich Sun
, January 6, 1947.

“We will not be the audience:
“Underground is
Proposed
for Those Making Atomic Products
.” The Norwich Sun
, January 6, 1947.

“Who will protect America”:
“Underground is
Proposed
for Those Making Atomic Products
.” The Norwich Sun
, January 6, 1947.

“
We had to act to protect the public
”: “Interview with David R. Clare, President,
Johnson
& Johnson.”
Corporate Conscience Magazine
, 1985.

“I took some kidding”:
 
Moore, Thomas.
“The Fight to Save Tylenol.”
TIME
, November 29, 1982.

4
     
The Tylenol Crisis

Dr. Edmund Donoghue: Associated Press. Pain Capsules Killed Three.
Alton Telegraph
, September 30, 1982.

Just prior to Donoghue’s press conference
:
Moore
, Thomas.
“The Fight to Save Tylenol.”
TIME
, November 29, 1982.

“Is this about”:
 
Moore, Thomas.
“The Fight to Save Tylenol.”
TIME
, November 29, 1982.

Murray’s next call went to Arthur Quilty: Moore, Thomas.
“The Fight to Save Tylenol.”
TIME
, November 29, 1982.

When the Wilmington plant opened: “Personal Products Co. plans major expansion.”
The Circle
, June 30, 1971, pg. 9.

J&J shut that plant down in 1992: Richards, Cindy.
“Johnson & Johnson closing plant.”
Chicago Sun-Times
, March 7, 1990.

 
“Are you sure”:
 
Moore, Thomas.
“The Fight to Save Tylenol.”
TIME
, November 29, 1982.

“It was a felicitous appointment for me”: Moore, Thomas.
“The Fight to Save Tylenol.”
TIME
, November 29, 1982.

Larry Foster, J&J’s Vice President:
Foster, Lawrence.
Interview by PSU students.
“Interview with Larry Foster (2002).”
-- Foster, Lawrence. “The Tylenol Tragedy: A Crime Without Precedent,” in
Communicating in a Healthcare Crisis
, ed. Pines, Wayne L. 173-182, Church Falls:
FDAnew
s
, 2007.

 
“That was a bombshell”:
 
Cooke, Jeremy R. “PSU alumnus recalls 1982 Tylenol murders.”
Collegian
, October 18, 2002.

 
“I never came home”:
 
Cooke, Jeremy R. “PSU alumnus recalls 1982 Tylenol murders.”
Collegian
, October 18, 2002.

One-word description of my reaction:
Cooke, Jeremy R. “PSU alumnus recalls 1982 Tylenol murders.”
Collegian
, October 18, 2002.

Foster said there
were
something like 150 or 175 calls:
 
Foster, Lawrence.
Interview by PSU students, 2002.
http://instruct.tri-c.edu/jkerezy/Larry_Foster_Video_Interview.pdf

News of what became:
 
Tifft
, Susan; Lee, Griggs.
“Poison Madness in the Midwest.”
TIME
, October 11, 1982. – Foster, Lawrence. “The Tylenol Tragedy: A Crime Without Precedent,” in
Communicating in a Healthcare Crisis
, ed. Pines, Wayne L. 173-182, Church Falls:
FDAnew
s
, 2007.

The Tylenol murders case:
 
Foster, Lawrence G. “The Johnson & Johnson Credo and the Tylenol Crisis.”
New Jersey Bell Journal
, Volume 6, Number 1. 1983.

 
“We have a madman”:
 
Beck, Melinda; Hagar, Mary;
LaBreque
, Ron; Monroe, Sylvester;
Prout
, Linda.
“The Tylenol Scare.”
Newsweek
, October 11, 1982.

 
“I don’t think”:
 
Kleinfield
, N.R. “Long, Uphill Odds for Tylenol.”
 
New York Times
, October 8, 1982.

The expert consensus was that Tylenol was dead as a brand:
Kleinfield
, N.R. “Long, Uphill Odds for Tylenol.”
New York Times
, October 8, 1982.

 
“Our Credo”: Johnson, Robert Wood.
“Our Credo.”
1943.

 
“Looking back on the events”: Foster, Lawrence.
“The Tylenol Tragedy: A Crime Without Precedent,” in
Communicating in a Healthcare Crisis
, ed. Pines, Wayne L. 173-182, Church Falls:
FDAnew
s
, 2007.

 
“The guidance of the credo”: James E. Burke, “Ad Council Speech” (delivered on November 16, 1983), p. 6.

 
“The Tylenol crisis”:
 
Berge, T. “The First 24-Hours.” Basil Blackwell, Inc., 1990.

Johnson & Johnson’s handling:
Knight, Jerry. “Tylenol's Maker Shows How to Respond to Crisis.”
The Washington Post
, October 11, 1982.

Jack O’Dwyer, of the New
York City: O’Dwyer, Jack. “PR Industry's Amicus Brief Has a Flaw.” Reclaim Democracy website, November 19, 2002.
http://reclaimdemocracy.org/nike/pr_brief_retort_kasky_nike.html
 

Counselor
Helio
Fred
Garcia: O’Dwyer, Jack “Fortune Lauds Tylenol PR.”
O’Dwyer PR website, May 22, 2007.
Accessed June 1, 2011.
http://www.odwyerpr.com/members/archived_stories_2007/may/0522tylenol_pr.htm

 
“James Burke, the CEO”:
 
The Insider
.
Touchstone Pictures, 1999.

James Burke began his career: “James Burke.”
Reference for Business website.
Accessed July 2, 2011.
http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/biography/A-E/Burke-James-1925.html

 
“HBS (Harvard Business School) had”:
 
“2003 Alumni Achievement Awards.”
Harvard Business School website, 2003.
Accessed March 5, 2011.
http://www.alumni.hbs.edu/awards/2003/burke.html

According to a friend: Sherman Stratford P. “You’re
Invited
to the CEOs’ Ball.
FORTUNE
, January 15, 1990.

Burke briefly interrupted:
 
Callahan David.
Kindred Spirits: Harvard Business School's Extraordinary Class of 1949 and How They Transformed American Business
. Hoboken: Wiley, 2002.

Burke returned to Johnson & Johnson:
Georgescu
, Peter.
The Source of Success
.
Jossey
Bass.
San Francisco, 2005.

 
“You’re a bachelor”:
 
Badaracco
, Joseph.
Questions of Character: Illuminating the Heart of Leadership through Literature.
Boston: Harvard Business Press, 2006.

 
“He really gave it to me”:
 
Badaracco
, Joseph.
Questions of Character: Illuminating the Heart of Leadership through Literature
. Boston: Harvard Business Press, 2006.

With a growing list of disappointing: Callahan, David.
Kindred Spirits: Harvard Business School's Extraordinary Class of 1949 and How They Transformed American Business
: Hoboken: Wiley, 2002. --
Georgescu
, Peter.
The Source of Success
.
San Francisco:
Jossey
Bass, 2005.