The Uncrowned King: The Sensational Rise of William Randolph Hearst (88 page)
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11
Nasaw, op. cit., 311.
Nasaw, op. cit., 311.
12
Printers’ Ink,
December 4, 1895, 18.
Printers’ Ink,
December 4, 1895, 18.
13
The Fourth Estate,
March 19 1896; see also
The Fourth Estate,
October 10, 1895.
The Fourth Estate,
March 19 1896; see also
The Fourth Estate,
October 10, 1895.
14
Irwin Stump to PAH, September 22, 1895, Bancroft Papers.
Irwin Stump to PAH, September 22, 1895, Bancroft Papers.
15
Stephen Crane,
Active Service
(Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1934), 20.
Stephen Crane,
Active Service
(Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1934), 20.
16
New York Morning Journal,
October 7, 1895.
New York Morning Journal,
October 7, 1895.
17
New York Journal,
November 7, 1895.
New York Journal,
November 7, 1895.
18
Irwin Stump to PAH, October 8, 1895, Bancroft Papers.
Irwin Stump to PAH, October 8, 1895, Bancroft Papers.
19
Nasaw, op. cit., 101.
Nasaw, op. cit., 101.
20
New York Journal,
November 9, 1895, November 10, 1895.
New York Journal,
November 9, 1895, November 10, 1895.
21
New York Journal,
November 25, 1895.
New York Journal,
November 25, 1895.
22
New York Herald,
November 8, 1895.
New York Herald,
November 8, 1895.
23
New York Journal,
November 12, 1895.
New York Journal,
November 12, 1895.
24
Printers’ Ink,
November 20, 1895.
Printers’ Ink,
November 20, 1895.
25
New York Journal,
November 4, 1895.
New York Journal,
November 4, 1895.
26
New York Journal,
December 8, 1895.
New York Journal,
December 8, 1895.
27
Christopher P. Wilson, “Stephen Crane and the Police,”
American Quarterly,
June 1996, 273-315.
Christopher P. Wilson, “Stephen Crane and the Police,”
American Quarterly,
June 1996, 273-315.
28
New York Journal,
December 9, 1895, December 10, 1895.
New York Journal,
December 9, 1895, December 10, 1895.
29
New York Journal,
December 22, 1895.
New York Journal,
December 22, 1895.
30
The Fourth Estate,
November 7, 1895;
The Newspaper Maker,
November 14, 1895.
The Fourth Estate,
November 7, 1895;
The Newspaper Maker,
November 14, 1895.
31
Printers’ Ink,
August 15, 1894;
The Fourth Estate,
December 26, 1895.
Printers’ Ink,
August 15, 1894;
The Fourth Estate,
December 26, 1895.
32
The Fourth Estate,
January 2, 1896, February 13, 1896;
The Newspaper Maker,
January 30, 1896, February 13, 1896, February 20, 1896, March 5, 1896, March 19, 1896.
The Fourth Estate,
January 2, 1896, February 13, 1896;
The Newspaper Maker,
January 30, 1896, February 13, 1896, February 20, 1896, March 5, 1896, March 19, 1896.
33
Printers’ Ink,
December 4, 1895, 18.
Printers’ Ink,
December 4, 1895, 18.
34
Nasaw, op. cit., 111, 131.
Nasaw, op. cit., 111, 131.
35
A.J. Liebling, “The Man Who Changed the Rules,” in
Just Enough Liebling
(New York: North Point Press, 2004), 243.
A.J. Liebling, “The Man Who Changed the Rules,” in
Just Enough Liebling
(New York: North Point Press, 2004), 243.
36
Brian, op. cit., 185.
Brian, op. cit., 185.
37
Richard Kluger,
The Paper
(New York: Vintage Books, 1989); “Whitelaw Reid,”
Dictionary of Literary Biography: American Newspaper Journalists, 1873-1900,
vol. 23 (Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1983).
Richard Kluger,
The Paper
(New York: Vintage Books, 1989); “Whitelaw Reid,”
Dictionary of Literary Biography: American Newspaper Journalists, 1873-1900,
vol. 23 (Detroit: Gale Research Co., 1983).
38
O’Connor,
The Scandalous Mr. Bennett,
op. cit.; Kluger, ibid.; Richard O’Connor, “The Wayward Commodore,”
American Heritage Magazine
(June 1974).
O’Connor,
The Scandalous Mr. Bennett,
op. cit.; Kluger, ibid.; Richard O’Connor, “The Wayward Commodore,”
American Heritage Magazine
(June 1974).
39
Don S. Seitz,
The James Gordon Bennetts: Father and Son
(Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1928), 218; Kluger, op. cit., 141-145, 162; Brian, op. cit., 254, 283-284; O’Connor,
The Scandalous Mr. Bennett,
op. cit., 222; Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 279.
Don S. Seitz,
The James Gordon Bennetts: Father and Son
(Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1928), 218; Kluger, op. cit., 141-145, 162; Brian, op. cit., 254, 283-284; O’Connor,
The Scandalous Mr. Bennett,
op. cit., 222; Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 279.
40
Irwin Stump to PAH, October 8, 1895, Bancroft Papers.
Irwin Stump to PAH, October 8, 1895, Bancroft Papers.
41
Steffens, “Hearst, Man of Mystery,” op. cit., 11.
Steffens, “Hearst, Man of Mystery,” op. cit., 11.
42
Tebbel, op. cit., 308.
Tebbel, op. cit., 308.
43
Hosmer Parsons to PAH, 1896, PAH Papers, Bancroft Papers.
Hosmer Parsons to PAH, 1896, PAH Papers, Bancroft Papers.
1
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 170-173.
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 170-173.
2
The Journalist,
October 2, 1897.
The Journalist,
October 2, 1897.
3
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 177.
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 177.
4
The Fourth Estate,
September 30, 1897.
The Fourth Estate,
September 30, 1897.
5
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 177.
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 177.
6
Brian, op. cit., chapters 15-16.
Brian, op. cit., chapters 15-16.
7
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., chapter 4.
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., chapter 4.
8
Ibid., 169.
Ibid., 169.
9
Churchill,
Park Row,
op. cit., 64.
Churchill,
Park Row,
op. cit., 64.
10
Ibid., 72.
Ibid., 72.
11
James Wyman Barrett,
Joseph Pulitzer and His World
(New York: Vanguard Press, 1941), 154.
James Wyman Barrett,
Joseph Pulitzer and His World
(New York: Vanguard Press, 1941), 154.
12
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 206.
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 206.
13
Frank Luther Mott,
American Journalism, A History of Newspapers in the United States Through 260 Years: 1690 to 1950,
revised edition (New York: Macmillan Co., 1950), 482.
Frank Luther Mott,
American Journalism, A History of Newspapers in the United States Through 260 Years: 1690 to 1950,
revised edition (New York: Macmillan Co., 1950), 482.
14
The Fourth Estate,
April 16, 1896.
The Fourth Estate,
April 16, 1896.
15
Nasaw, op, cit., 107.
Nasaw, op, cit., 107.
16
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 206.
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 206.
17
Winkler, op. cit., 65-66.
Winkler, op. cit., 65-66.
18
Winkler, ibid., 68-69; Barrett,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 172.
Winkler, ibid., 68-69; Barrett,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 172.
19
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 206; Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 212;
The Fourth Estate,
February 6, 1896.
Swanberg,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 206; Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 212;
The Fourth Estate,
February 6, 1896.
20
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, Arthur Brisbane Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Syracuse University; hereafter cited as Brisbane Papers.
WRH to Boyden Sparkes, Arthur Brisbane Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Syracuse University; hereafter cited as Brisbane Papers.
21
Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 213.
Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 213.
22
The Newspaper Maker,
February 13, 1886.
The Newspaper Maker,
February 13, 1886.
23
The Fourth Estate,
February 13, 1896.
The Fourth Estate,
February 13, 1896.
24
Printers’ Ink,
February 26, 1896.
Printers’ Ink,
February 26, 1896.
25
Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 213; Brian, op. cit., 99.
Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 213; Brian, op. cit., 99.
26
The Newspaper Maker,
February 20, 1896.
The Newspaper Maker,
February 20, 1896.
27
The Newspaper Maker,
March 19, 1896.
The Newspaper Maker,
March 19, 1896.
28
Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 164.
Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 164.
29
Brian, op. cit., 168.
Brian, op. cit., 168.
30
The Fourth Estate,
March 19, 1896.
The Fourth Estate,
March 19, 1896.
31
Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 216-217;
The Fourth Estate,
March 26, 1896.
Seitz,
Pulitzer,
op. cit., 216-217;
The Fourth Estate,
March 26, 1896.
32
The Fourth Estate,
January 7, 1897.
The Fourth Estate,
January 7, 1897.
33
The Fourth Estate,
June 4, 1896.
The Fourth Estate,
June 4, 1896.
34
Ibid.
Ibid.
35
The Newspaper Maker,
March 26, 1896.
The Newspaper Maker,
March 26, 1896.
36
Abbot, op. cit., 140.
Abbot, op. cit., 140.
37
Ibid., 137.
Ibid., 137.
38
Charles Edward Russell, “William Randolph Hearst,”
Harper’s Weekly,
May 21, 1904.
Charles Edward Russell, “William Randolph Hearst,”
Harper’s Weekly,
May 21, 1904.
39
Driscoll to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
Driscoll to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
40
Crane,
Active Service,
op. cit., 50.
Crane,
Active Service,
op. cit., 50.
41
Churchill,
Park Row,
op. cit., 70.
Churchill,
Park Row,
op. cit., 70.
42
Driscoll to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
Driscoll to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
43
Churchill,
Park Row,
op. cit., 80.
Churchill,
Park Row,
op. cit., 80.
44
Charles Edward Russell, “William Randolph Hearst,” op. cit.
Charles Edward Russell, “William Randolph Hearst,” op. cit.
45
James L. Ford,
Forty-Odd Years in the Literary Shop
(New York: E.P. Dutton & Co., 1921) 259-260.
James L. Ford,
Forty-Odd Years in the Literary Shop
(New York: E.P. Dutton & Co., 1921) 259-260.
46
Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 51.
Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 51.
47
Ibid.
Ibid.
48
Irvin S. Cobb,
Exit Laughing
(New York: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1941), 123.
Irvin S. Cobb,
Exit Laughing
(New York: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1941), 123.
49
Abbot, op. cit., 142.
Abbot, op. cit., 142.
50
Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 61.
Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 61.
51
Ibid., 70.
Ibid., 70.
52
Swinnerton to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
Swinnerton to Boyden Sparkes, Brisbane Papers.
53
Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 60.
Swanberg,
Hearst,
op. cit., 60.
54
Ibid., 73.
Ibid., 73.
55
Ben Procter, op. cit., 62.
Ben Procter, op. cit., 62.
56
Steffens, “Hearst, Man of Mystery,” op. cit., 6.
Steffens, “Hearst, Man of Mystery,” op. cit., 6.
57
Winkler, op. cit., 43.
Winkler, op. cit., 43.
58
Cobb, op. cit., 123.
Cobb, op. cit., 123.
59
Churchill,
Park Row,
op. cit., 79.
Churchill,
Park Row,
op. cit., 79.
60
Printers’ Ink,
April 22, 1896.
Printers’ Ink,
April 22, 1896.
1
Mr. and Mrs. Fremont Older,
George Hearst: California Pioneer
(Los Angeles: Westernlore, 1966), 187-196, 221, 226; Robinson, op. cit., 188.
Mr. and Mrs. Fremont Older,
George Hearst: California Pioneer
(Los Angeles: Westernlore, 1966), 187-196, 221, 226; Robinson, op. cit., 188.
2
Robinson, ibid., 234.
Robinson, ibid., 234.
3
Steffens, “Hearst, Man of Mystery,” op. cit., 8.
Steffens, “Hearst, Man of Mystery,” op. cit., 8.
4
Robinson, op. cit., 331.
Robinson, op. cit., 331.
5
WRH to PAH, undated, Bancroft Papers.
WRH to PAH, undated, Bancroft Papers.
6
Abbot, op. cit., 147, 151.
Abbot, op. cit., 147, 151.
7
Stanley L. Jones,
The Presidential Election of 1896
(Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1964), 99 ff.
Stanley L. Jones,
The Presidential Election of 1896
(Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1964), 99 ff.
8
John Whiteclay Chambers,
The Tyranny of Change
(New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2000), 40-41; Thomas J. Misa,
A Nation of Steel
(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999), 138-140; Jones, op. cit., 36-49; Harold U. Faulkner,
Politics, Reform and Expansion, 1890-1900
(Harper & Row, 1959), 141-142; H. Wayne Morgan,
From Hayes to McKinley
(Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1969), 447-448.
John Whiteclay Chambers,
The Tyranny of Change
(New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2000), 40-41; Thomas J. Misa,
A Nation of Steel
(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999), 138-140; Jones, op. cit., 36-49; Harold U. Faulkner,
Politics, Reform and Expansion, 1890-1900
(Harper & Row, 1959), 141-142; H. Wayne Morgan,
From Hayes to McKinley
(Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1969), 447-448.
9
Margaret Leech,
In the Day of McKinley
(New York: Harper & Brothers, 1959), 34-49.
Margaret Leech,
In the Day of McKinley
(New York: Harper & Brothers, 1959), 34-49.
10
New York Journal,
May 11, 1896, April 23, 1896.
New York Journal,
May 11, 1896, April 23, 1896.
11
New York Journal,
April 2, 1896, April 3, 1896, April 15, 1896.
New York Journal,
April 2, 1896, April 3, 1896, April 15, 1896.
12
Jones, op. cit., 8-12.
Jones, op. cit., 8-12.
13
New York Journal,
April 15, 1896, April 18 1896.
New York Journal,
April 15, 1896, April 18 1896.
14
New York Journal,
April 16, 1896, April 18, 1896.
New York Journal,
April 16, 1896, April 18, 1896.
15
New York
World,
April 17, 1896.
New York
World,
April 17, 1896.
16
New York
World,
June 15, 1896, June 18, 1896, June 27, 1896.
New York
World,
June 15, 1896, June 18, 1896, June 27, 1896.
17
New York Journal,
May 20, 1896, June 17, 1896, June 18, 1896.
New York Journal,
May 20, 1896, June 17, 1896, June 18, 1896.
18
New York Journal,
July 5, 1896.
New York Journal,
July 5, 1896.
19
New York Journal,
July 6, 1896; James T. Havel,
U.S. Presidential Candidates and the Elections
(New York: Macmillan Library Reference/Simon & Schuster, Macmillan, 1996), Vol. II, 70.
New York Journal,
July 6, 1896; James T. Havel,
U.S. Presidential Candidates and the Elections
(New York: Macmillan Library Reference/Simon & Schuster, Macmillan, 1996), Vol. II, 70.
20
New York Journal,
July 4, 1896, July 8, 1896.
New York Journal,
July 4, 1896, July 8, 1896.
21
New York Journal,
July 8, 1896.
New York Journal,
July 8, 1896.
22
New York Journal,
July 9, 1896; George F. Whicher,
William Jennings Bryan and the Campaign of 1896
(Boston: D.C. Heath and Co., 1968), 33, 37.
New York Journal,
July 9, 1896; George F. Whicher,
William Jennings Bryan and the Campaign of 1896
(Boston: D.C. Heath and Co., 1968), 33, 37.
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