The War of 1812 (21 page)
Authors: Wesley B. Turner
16
Cited in
Kingston Gazette
, 22 March 1814, in
Documentary History of the Campaigns upon the Niagara Frontier
, vol.9, 234.
1
Cited in G.F.G. Stanley,
The War of 1812: Land Operations
(Ottawa: Macmillan of Canada, 1983), p. 312.
2
Cited in
Select Documents
, III, 617.
3
D.E. Graves,
Where Right and Glory Lead! The Battle of Lundy's Lane, 1814
(Toronto: Robin Brass Studio, 1997), p. 148.
4
William Dunlop,
Tiger Dunlop's Upper Canada. Comprising Recollections of the American War of 1812â14 and Statistical Sketches of Upper Canada for the Use of Emigrants
. By a Backwoodsman. Introduction by C.F. Klinck (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1967), p. 54.
5
G.T. Altoff,
Amongst My Best Men: African-Americans and the War of 1812
(Put-in-Bay, Ohio: The Perry Group, 1996), p. 47.
6
J.A. Whitehorne,
The Battle for Baltimore, 1814
(Baltimore: The Nautical & Aviation Publishing Co.), p. 136.
7
Whitehorne,
The Battle for Baltimore
, p. 140.
8
Edward Ermatinger,
Life of Colonel Talbot and the Talbot Settlement
(St. Thomas, Ont.: A. McLachlin's Home Journal Office, 1859), p. 49; see also p. 52 and Drummond to Yeo, 13 November 1814, in
Select Documents
, III, 290.
9
Dennis Carter-Edwards in
War on the Great Lakes
, p. 53.
10
Carter-Edwards in
War on the Great Lakes
, p. 55.
11
The Report of the Loyal and Patriotic Society of Upper Canada
(Montreal: William Gray, 1817), pp. 209, 236.
12
W.R. Riddell, “The Ancaster âBloody Assize' of 1814,” in
Defended Border
, pp. 244â45.
1
Wellington to Prime Minster, 9 November 1814, cited in Hitsman, pp. 234â35.
2
Dunlop,
Tiger Dunlop's Upper Canada
, pp. 56â7, 62.
3
Cited in Captain A.T. Mahan,
Sea Power in its Relations to the War of 1812
(London: S. Low, Marston, 1905, 2 vols.), II, 436.
4
George Sheppard,
Plunder, Profit and Paroles: A Social History of the War of 1812 in Upper Canada
(Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1994), pp. 143â44.
5
Cited in
Defended Border
, p. 240.
6
Sheppard,
Plunder, Profit and Paroles
, pp. 184â85, 209. These demands as well as claims for war losses bedevilled Upper Canada's politics for over twenty years after the war's end. See chapters 7 and 8.
7
Here are some of those historical works: J. Errington,
The Lion, the Eagle, and Upper Canada: A Developing Colonial Ideology
(Montreal & Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1994), chapters 4, 5; Stanley,
The War of 1812
, chapter 15; R.D. Francis, R. Jones, D.B. Smith,
Origins: Canadian History to Confederation
, third ed. (Toronto: Harcourt Brace & Co., 1996), pp. 216â17; A.R.M. Lower,
Colony to Nation
(Toronto: Longmans, 1957), p. 179; Introduction by J.M.S. Careless in Zaslow,
The Defended Border
.
8
Sheppard,
Plunder, Profit, and Paroles
, pp. 3â5, 8â10, 249â50.
1806 | Â |
November-December | Napoleon's Berlin Decree |
1807 | Â |
October-December | British Orders in Council; Napoleon's Fontainbleu and Milan Decrees; United States Embargo |
1811 | Â |
November 7 | Battle of Tippecanoe |
1812 | Â |
April 21 | Conditional repeal of Orders in Council |
June 18 | United States declares war on Great Britain |
June 23 | British government repeals Orders in Council |
June 24 | Napoleon invades Russia |
July 12 | Brigadier-General William Hull invades Upper Canada |
July 17 | Captain Charles Roberts captures Michilimackinac |
Aug.13 | Major General Isaac Brock reaches Amherstburg |
August 16 | Brock's forces capture Detroit |
August 20 | U.S.S. |
September 4â5 | Harrison repels land attack |
October 13 | Battle of Queenston Heights and Brock's death |
October 18 | U.S.S. |
October 19 | Napoleon's army begins its retreat from Moscow |
October 25 | U.S.S. |
November 10 | Commodore Isaac Chauncey gains control of Lake Ontario |
November 20 | Major-General Henry Dearborn invades Lower Canada |
November 28â30 | Brigadier-General Alexander Smyth attempts to invade across the Niagara River |
December 18 | French army leaves Russian territory |
December 29 | U.S.S. |
1813 | Â |
January 9 | British declaration of war on the United States |
January 22 | Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Procter defeats Brigadier-General James Winchester in a surprise attack at Frenchtown |
February 22 | Lieutenant-Colonel George Macdonell raids Ogdensburg |
February 24 | U.S.S. |
April 27 | Major-General Dearborn's forces capture York |
May 1â9 | Procter's unsuccessful siege of Fort Meigs |
May 25â27 | Dearborn's forces capture Fort George and British forces under Brigadier-General John Vincent retreat ultimately to Burlington Heights |
May 29 | British forces raid Sackets Harbor |
June 1 | H.M.S. |
June 6 | Battle of Stoney Creek |
June 22 | Laura Secord's walk to Beaver Dams |
June 24 | Battle of Beaver Dams |
July 26â28 | Procter's forces fail to capture Fort Meigs |
July 31 | Americans again occupy York Captain Robert Barclay lifts blockade of Presque Isle |
August 1â4 | Captain Oliver Perry takes his fleet out of Presque Isle |
August 2 | Procter's forces fail to take Fort Stephenson |
August 8 | During the night, U.S.S. |
September 3 | U.S.S. |
September 10 | Battle of Lake Erie, Perry defeats Barclay |
September 27 | General Procter begins retreat from Fort Malden |
October 5 | Battle of the Thames (Moraviantown) and death of Tecumseh |
October 16â19 | Battle of the Nations (Leipzig), Napoleon defeated in Germany |
October 25 | Battle of Chateauguay |
November | British forces under Wellington invade France |
November 11 | Battle of Crysler's Farm |
December 10 | Brigadier-General George McClure's forces burn Newark and retreat to Fort Niagara |
December 19 | British capture Fort Niagara and burn Lewiston |
December 29 | British forces burn Black Rock and Buffalo |
1814 | Â |
January | Russian and allied troops invade France; American delegates sail for Europe to open peace negotiations |
March 21 | U.S.S. |
March 30 | Wilkinson is defeated at Lacolle |
March 31 | The allies capture Paris |
April 11 | Napoleon abdicates |
April 29 | U.S.S. |
May 6 | British forces raid Oswego American forces capture Prairie du Chien and the British recapture it on July 20 |
May 23âJune 21 | Treason trials at Ancaster, UC |
June 2â5 | William Clark, Governor of Missouri Territory, takes possession of Prairie du Chien and begins to build Fort Shelby |
July 3 | Major-General Jacob Brown invades Upper Canada and captures Fort Erie |
July 5 | Battle of Chippawa |
July 11 | British invade Maine |
July 19 | American troops burn St. David's British regain control of Prairie du Chien |
July 21 | Indians defeat an American force at Rock Island Rapids |
July 25 | Battle of Lundy's Lane |
August 3 | Lieutenant-General Gordon Drummond begins siege of Fort Erie Battle of Black Rock (Conjocta Creek) |
August 4â5 | Lieutenant-Colonel George Croghan's attack on Michilimackinac fails |
August 15 | Drummond's assault on Fort Erie fails |
August 19â25 | British forces raid U.S. east coast, capture Washington, and burn public buildings |
September 1 | British seize part of eastern Maine. Lieutenant-General Sir George Prevost |
September 3â5 | British forces capture U.S.S. |
September 10 | H.M.S. |
September 11 | Captain Thomas Macdonough defeats British naval force in Plattsburgh Bay and Prevost orders his army to retreat. |
September 12â15 | British attack on Baltimore |
September 17 | Successful American sortie from Fort Erie against Drummond's batteries |
October 19 | Skirmish at Cook's Mills on Lyon's Creek |
November 5 | American troops blow up Fort Erie and withdraw across the Niagara River |
December 10 | British troops land near mouth of Mississippi River |
December 24 | Treaty of Ghent signed |
1815 | Â |
January 8 | Battle of New Orleans |
March 23 | U.S.S. |
READINGâ
Allen, Robert S.
His Majesty's Indian Allies: British Indian Policy in the Defence of Canada, 1774â1815
. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 1992.
Altoff, Gerard T.
Amongst My Best Men: African-Americans and the War of 1812
. Put-in-Bay, Ohio, The Perry Group, 1996.
Ballantyne, Lareine.
The Scout Who Led an Army
. Toronto: Macmillan, 1963. A novel about Billy Green.
Benn, Carl.
The Iroquois in the War of 1812
. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1998.
Dunlop, William.
Tiger Dunlop's Upper Canada
. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1967.
Edmunds, R.D.
Tecumseh and the Quest for Indian Leadership
. Edited by 0. Handlin. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1984.
Graves, Donald E.
Field of Glory: The Battle of Crysler's Farm,1813
. Toronto: Robin Brass Studio, 1999.