Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis (1280 page)

BOOK: Wallach's Interpretation of Diagnostic Tests: Pathways to Arriving at a Clinical Diagnosis
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   A member of the secretin–glucagon family; highest levels in the gut and nervous system. A neuropeptide that functions as a neuromodulator and neurotransmitter. A potent vasodilator that regulates smooth muscle activity, epithelial cell secretion, and blood flow in the gastrointestinal tract. Functions as a neurohormone and paracrine mediator, being released from nerve terminals and acting locally on receptor-bearing cells
   
Normal range:
0–60 pg/mL
   Use
   Detection of VIP-secreting tumors
   To detect occult metastases
   To evaluate the success of surgical or drug therapies
   Interpretation

Increased In

   VIPomas
   Neural crest tumors in children (ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, and neuroblastoma)
   Pancreatic islet cell hyperplasia
   Liver disease
   MEN type I, pheochromocytoma
   MTC
   Branchiogenic carcinoma

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