Zika (21 page)

138
Almost immediately,
Time
: Charlotte Alter, “Why Latin American Women Can't Follow the Zika Advice to Avoid Pregnancy,”
Time
, Jan. 28, 2016, http://time.com/4197318/zika-virus-latin-america-avoid-pregnancy/.

138
Emma Saloranta, a founder
: Emma Saloranta, “Zika Virus and the Hypocrisy of Telling Women to Delay Pregnancy,”
Huffington Post
, Jan. 29, 2016, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/emma-saloranta/zika-virus-and-the-hypocrisy-of-telling-women-to-delay-pregnancy_b_9090476.html.

143
I also learned
: Eliza Berman, “How a German Measles Epidemic Stoked the Abortion Debate in 1965,”
Time
, Feb. 2, 2015, http://time.com/3692652/measles-abortion-1960s/.

144
On February 5
: Donald G. McNeil Jr., “Growing Support among Experts for Zika Advice to Delay Pregnancy,”
New York Times
, Feb. 5, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/09/health/zika-virus-women-pregnancy.html.

149
Pope Francis had
: Simon Romero and Jim Yardley, “Francis Says Contraception Can Be Used to Slow Zika,”
New York Times
, Feb. 18, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/19/world/americas/francis-says-contraception-can-be-used-to-slow-zika.html.

149
On March 8
: Donald G. McNeil Jr., “W.H.O. Advises Pregnant Women to Avoid Areas Where Zika Is Spreading,”
New York Times
, March 8, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/09/health/zika-virus-pregant-women-travel.html.

150
I emailed him
: Sabrina Tavernise, “W.H.O. Recommends Contraception in Countries with Zika Virus,”
New York Times
, Feb. 18, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/19/health/zika-virus-birth-control-contraception-who.html.

151
On March 25
: Sabrina Tavernise, “C.D.C. Offers Guidelines for Delaying Pregnancy after Zika Exposure,”
New York Times
, March 25, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/26/health/zika-virus-pregnancy-cdc-waiting-period.html.

156
On April 14
: Donald G. McNeil Jr., “Health Officials Split over Advice on Pregancy in Zika Areas,”
New York Times
, April 14, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/15/health/zika-virus-pregnancy-delay-birth-defects-cdc.html.

157
Houston had just
: Peter J. Hotez, “Zika Is Coming,”
New York Times
, April 8, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/09/opinion/zika-is-coming.html.

157
CBS News interviewed him
: Jonathan LaPook, “Houston Authorities Bracing for Zika Virus Appearance,”
CBS Evening News
, aired April 22, 2016, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/houston-texas-authorities-bracing-for-zika-virus-arrival/.

157
He had said
: Hari Sreenivasan, “Is a Perfect Storm of Zika Virus Conditions Coming to the Gulf Coast?,”
PBS NewsHour
, aired April 18, 2016, http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/is-a-perfect-storm-of-zika-virus-conditions-coming-to-the-gulf-coast/.

157
PAHO was leaning
: McNeil, “Health Officials.”

CHAPTER 12

160
The other reason
: “Locally Acquired Dengue—Key West, Florida, 2009–2010,”
CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
, May 21, 2010, http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5919a1.htm.

160
In 2009, it took only
: Amesh A. Adalja et al., “Lessons Learned during Dengue Outbreaks in the United States, 2001–2011,”
Emerging Infectious Diseases
, April 2012, doi:10.3201/eid1804.110968.

160
Even more impressive
: Charles Simmins, “Rochester Patient Links to Dengue Fever Outbreak on Florida,”
Examiner.com
, May 22, 2010, http://www.examiner.com/article/rochester-patient-links-to-dengue-fever-outbreak-florida.

161
Zika's spread
: “West Nile Virus in the United States,”
Wikipedia
, last modified Dec. 11, 2015, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Nile_virus_in_the_United_States.

161
West Nile is
: CDC>West Nile Virus Home>Statistics and Maps, last updated June 9, 2015, http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsmaps/index.html.

162
But there is no
: “Estimated Range of
Aedes aegypti
and
Aedes albopictus
in the United States, 2016 Maps,” CDC>Zika Virus Home>Information for Specific Groups>Vector Surveillance & Control, updated April 26, 2016, http://www.cdc.gov/zika/vector/range.html.

163
A majority of Americans
: “A Majority of People Say They Would Get a Zika Vaccine If It Were Available,” Annenberg Public Policy Center of the University of Pennsylvania, May 12, 2016, http://www.annenbergpublicpolicycenter.org/a-majority-of-people-say-theyd-get-a-zika-vaccine-if-it-were-available/.

163
At least 18
: Katie Thomas, “Vaccine for Zika Virus May Be Years Away, Experts Warn,”
New York Times
, Jan. 29, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/30/business/vaccine-for-zika-virus-may-be-years-away-disease-experts-warn.html.

164
The National Institutes of
: Anthony S. Fauci, MD, and David M. Morens, MD, “Zika Virus in the Americas—Yet Another Arbovirus Threat,”
New England Journal of Medicine
, Jan. 13, 2016, doi:10.1056/NEJMp1600297.

165
Meanwhile, safety testing
: Rafick-Pierre Sekaly, “The Failed HIV Merck Vaccine Study: A Step Back or a Launching Point for Future Vaccine Development?,”
Journal of Experimental Medicine
, Jan. 14, 2008, doi:10.1084/jem.20072681.

167
Viruses, on the other hand
: “Faster, Easier Cures for Hepatitis C,”
FDA's Consumer Updates
,
July 28, 2014, http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/ucm405642.htm.

168
There is no
: Devika Sirohi et al., “The 3.8 Å resolution Cryo-EM Structure of Zika Virus,” Science, April 22, 2016, doi:10.1126/science.aaf5316.

168
One paper published
: Eloise Mastrangelo et al., “Ivermectin Is a Potent Inhibitor of Flavivirus Replication Specifically Targeting NS3 Helicase Activity: New Prospects of an Old Drug,”
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
, April 25, 2012, doi:10.1093/jac/dks147.

168
Other papers say
: Joanna Zmurko et al., “The Viral Polymerase Inhibitor 7-Deaza-2'-C-Methyladenosine Is a Potent Inhibitor of In Vitro Zika Virus Replication and Delays Disease Progression in a Robust Mouse Model Infection Model,”
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
, May 10, 2016, doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004695; Marcos Carvalho Borges et al., “Chloroquine Use Improves Dengue-Related Symptoms,”
Memórias do Institutio Oswaldo Cruz
, Aug. 2013, doi:10.1590/0074-0276108052013010.

168
Antibodies are expensive
: Andrew Pollack, “Experimental Drug Would Help Fight Ebola If Supply Increases, Study Finds,”
New York Times
, Aug. 29, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/30/world/africa/study-says-zmapp-works-against-ebola-but-making-it-takes-time.html.

169
Immunoglobulin
: E. Oehler et al., “Zika Virus Infection Complicated by Guillain-Barré Syndrome—Case Report, French Polynesia, December 2013,”
Eurosurveillance
, March 6, 2014, doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES2014.19.9.20720.

169
CDC guidelines
: “Clinical Guidance: Pregnant Women and Women of Reproductive Age,” CDC>Zika Virus Home>For Health, http://www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-providers/clinical-guidance.html.

169
When microcephaly began
: Catherine Saint Louis, “Microcephaly, Spotlighted by Zika Virus, Has Long Afflicted and Mystified,”
New York Times
, Jan. 31, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/01/health/microcephaly-spotlighted-by-zika-virus-has-long-afflicted-and-mystified.html.

169
That time has been reduced
: Rita W. Driggers et al., “Zika Virus Infection with Prolonged Maternal Viremia and Fetal Brain Abnormalities,”
New England Journal of Medicine
, March 30, 2016, doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1601824.

169
Because no one
: “PAHO Statement on Zika Virus Transmission and Prevention,”
Pan American Health Organization
, Feb. 2, 2016, http://www.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11605&Itemid=41716&lang=en.

170
It also reached
: “Zika Situation Report 19 May 2016,”
World Health Organization Emergencies
, May 19, 2016, http://www.who.int/emergencies/zika-virus/situation-report/19-may-2016/en/.

170
The initial worries
: Donald G. McNeil Jr., “C.D.C. Is Monitoring 279 Pregnant Women with Possible Zika Virus Infections,”
New York Times
, May 20, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/21/health/pregnant-women-zika-virus-cdc.html.

171
At the Zika summit
: Donald G. McNeil Jr., “Health Officials Split over Advice on Pregancy in Zika Areas,”
New York Times
, April 14, 2016, http://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/15/health/zika-virus-pregnancy-delay-birth-defects-cdc.html.

171
Americans' knowledge
: “Half of Americans Concerned Zika Will Spread to Their Neighborhoods,” Feb. 23, 1016, http://www.annenbergpublicpolicycenter.org/half-of-americans-concerned-zika-will-spread-to-their-neighborhoods/; “More Than 4 in 10 Mistakenly Think Zika Is Fatal, Symptoms are Noticeable,” March 10, 2016, http://www.annenbergpublicpolicycenter.org/more-than-4-in-10-mistakenly-think-zika-is-fatal-and-symptoms-are-noticeable/; “Who Does the Public Think Is Most at Risk from Zika?,” April 8, 2016, Annenberg Public Policy Center, http://www.annenbergpublicpolicycenter.org/who-does-the-public-think-is-most-at-risk-from-zika/.

173
But in late 2009, I met
: Donald G. McNeil Jr., “Flu Story: A Pregnant Woman's Ordeal,”
New York Times
, Oct. 19, 2009, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/20/health/20pregnant.html.

Copyright © 2016 by Donald G. McNeil Jr.

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