A Distant Mirror (118 page)

15
“HARRYING AND WASTING
”: letter to Bishop of Winchester, q. Sedgwick, 117.

16
HENRY OF
L
ANCASTER
: Fowler,
King’s Lieutenant
, 106–10.

17
ENGUERRAND IN THE PICARDY CAMPAIGN:
Chron. 4 Valois
, 41. For this campaign see also
Chron. Jean de Venette
and Denifle.

18
JEAN’S SEIZURE OF CHARLES OF NAVARRE AND EXECUTION OF NORMAN NOBLES
: all the chronicles and summary in Delachenal, I, 140–57. 143 ff.
BATTLE OF POITIERS
: On the English side the chief sources are
Anonimalle
, Chandos Herald, Godfrey le Baker; and on the French side,
Grandes Chrons., Chron. 4 Valois, Chron. normande
, Froissart. Hewitt’s
Black Prince
is the most thorough recent account; Tourneur-Aumont devotes a whole book to it, infused with a special thesis; Delachenal, Denifle, Lot, and MacKinnon give full accounts.

19
TALLEYRAND DE PERIGORD:
Zacour, 8, 24.

20
SIRE DE FERTÉ-FRESNEL:
Delachenal, I, 397.

21
RUINED KNIGHTS
: for documents illustrating these cases, see Moisant, 59–61; Delachenal, I, 248, n.

22
“COMPLAINT OF THE BATTLE OF POITIERS
”: Beaurepaire.

For the physical events of this chapter, from the meeting of the Estates to the death of Marcel, the chief primary source is
Chron. J. &
C, vol. I, with additional material from
Chron. 4 Valois, Chron. normande
, Jean de Venette, Jean le Bel, and Froissart. These are supplemented by the notes of their respective editors and by the modern accounts of Delachenal, vol. I, and Coville.

1
ROBERT LE COQ’S LIBRARY
: Autrand, 1220.

2
DAUPHIN’S BASTARD SONS:
Chron. normande
, 136; Delachenal, I, no, n. 2.
GOSSIP ABOUT HIS PATERNITY
: ibid., 68, 69, n. 2.

3
MARCEL’S UNCLE, FATHER- AND BROTHER-IN-LAW
: Cazelles,
“Etienne Marcel
,” 415–17.

4
FINANCE OFFICERS “WHO TRAVEL IN POMP
”: Mézières, Coopland, I, 417–18.
Renart le Contrefait:
q. Evans,
Life
, 42.

5
TAX SURVEY OF
1292: Franklin,
Vie privée, I
, 12; Evans, ibid., 49–50.

6
ff.
CONDITIONS OF PARIS
: Franklin,
Rues, Dict., Vie privée
, VII, 12–13; Batifol; Hillairet; Legrand; Coulton,
Panorama
, 308; Coville, 427–28. 160 E
NGLISH VISITOR ON BOOKSELLERS
: q. Evans, ibid., 131.

7
GRAND ORDINANCE
: Coville, 119–21.

8
FREE COMPANIES
: Luce,
Jacquerie
, 9–28; Denifle, passim; Gray,
Scalacronica
, 130–31; Gregorovius, 317 ff.; Delachenal, II, 28.
“WRITE SORROW ON THE BOSOM OF THE EARTH
”: Shakespeare,
Richard 11
, act III, sc. 2.

9
FRA
M
ONREALE
: Gregorovius, 35
6–66;
Hale, Highfield & Smalley, 102–3; Oman, 293.

10
Società dell’ acquisito:
Lot, 397, n. 1.
CERVOLE RECEIVED BY THE POPE:
Luce-F, V, 95; Gregorovius, 395.

11
KNOLLYS:
DNB
.

12
EUSTACHE D’AUBRECICOURT
: Luce-F, V, 160; Delachenal, II, 40–42.

13
“TRAGIC ACCOUNT
”: M. L. Delisle,
Tragicum Argumentum
.

14
JEAN’S ENTRY INTO LONDON
: John of Reading, 206;
Brute Chron.
, q. Green, 197.

15
HIS EXPENDITURES AS A CAPTIVE
: Orléans, 29, 42–43; Delachenal, II, 78–79; Putnam, 312; Gazeau.

16
MICHELET’S COMMENT
: III, 360.

17
ENGUERRAND ACCOMPANIES CHARLES OF NAVARRE:
Chron. 4 Valois
, 64; see also Cazelles,
“Parti navarrais.”
171 ff.
CONDITIONS OF THE PEASANT
: H. See, 540–624; Bloch,
Rural
, 80–94; Perroy, “Wage Labour”; Mollat & Wolff, 19–20; Davis, 268–70; Fossier, 358–59;
Horizon
, 238; Helen Robbins; Turner, “Ec. Discontent”; Viollet-le-Duc,
Dict.
, VI, 292; Bell,
Old German Epics
.

18
COST OF PLOW
: Fossier to author.

19
“BATHING WAS COMMON
”: Gasquet, 64.
DIET
: Luce,
Guesclin
, 57; Thrupp, 483; Contamine, 654;
Horizon
, 238.

20
COMFORTABLE PEASANT OF NORMANDY
: Duby, 518–19.
DOWRIES
: Mollat & Wolff, 17–20.

21
Merlin Merlot:
Joly, 452–53.
DEMONS REFUSE TO CARRY HIS SOUL
: ibid., 458.

22
Le Despit au Vilain:
ibid., 460–61.

23
JACQUERIE
: For the outbreak and subsequent events, the major source is Luce,
Jacquerie
, invaluable for its documentation of royal pardons issued after the event, which, in the course of stating the circumstances in each case, gives a picture more true to life than the chronicles. In addition,
Chron. Jean le Bel
, II, 256; KL, VI, 44–58;
Chron J. & C.
, I, 177–78;
Chron. normande
, 127–28;
Chron. 4 Valois; Chron. Jean de Venette
.

24
ATTACK AT MEAUX
: KL, VI, 477;
Chron. J. &
C, 180–84.

25
NOBLES APPEAL TO CHARLES OF
N
AVARRE
: Luce,
Jacquerie
, 147.

26
COUCY’S PRESENCE:
Chron. 4 Valois
, 74. According to the terms of the subsequent Treaty of Calais in 1360, the persons who followed Charles of Navarre “during the troubles” were to receive pardons from the King of France. Coucy’s name does not appear either in the list of 300 persons who had been followers of Charles or in a second list of 300 who received pardons from King Jean: Secousse, II, 177–81, 181–85.

27
“THEY FLUNG THEMSELVES”:
Chron. Jean de Venette
.

28
“20,000”
KILLED
: Secousse, Mem. 239.

29
COUCY GUARDS HIS TERRITORY:
Chron. Jean le Bel
, II, 277; KL, VI, 99.

30
“DID NOT LIKE THE SAID BISHOP”:
Chron. Jean le Bel
, II, 260; Denifle, 224.

1
COUCY NAMED HOSTAGE IN TREATY OF
L
ONDON
: Delachenal, II, 408.
“THEY SAID THE TREATY WAS DISPLEASING
”: q. ibid., 87.

2
EDWARD’S EXPEDITIONARY FORCE
: Knighton, q. Locke, 53; Hewitt,
Edw.
, 31, 51, 88; Fowler,
Lanc
, 198–200.

3
“AS THE STARRES HAVE INFLUENCE TO PRODUCE
”: Sir Richard Baker,
Chron. of Kings of England
, q. Barnie, 104.

4
FRENCH RAID ON WINCHELSEA
: Gray,
Scalacronica
, 152; Orléans, 50–51, Delachenal, II, 158.

5
ENGLAND IN A PANIC
: from the Calendar of Close Rolls, q. Hewitt,
Edw.
, 19.

6
BLACK
M
ONDAY, “FOUL DARK DAY”:
Chron. of London
, q. Thompson, 101; Knighton and
Eulogium
, q. Delachenal, II, 191.

7
PDESIGNATION OF HOSTAGES:
Chron. 4 Valois
, 122;
Chron. normande
, 155, n. 190
TREATY OF BRÉTIGNY
: the text occupies 33 pages in
Chron. J. & C.
, I, 267–300. See also Duckett, 7–8.
COUCY’S CONTRIBUTION TO RANSOM
: Lépinois, 165.

8
VISCONTI MARRIAGE
: Chamberlin, 31–35; Cook, 49 ff.
VILLANI QUOTED
: ibid., 49, n. 55.

9
PHILIP THE BOLD EARNS HIS NAME:
Froissart.

10
FROISSART SAILS WITH THE HOSTAGES
: Shears, 12–13.
WALTER SCOTT:
Old Mortality
, chap. 35.

11
CHAUCER WITH THE HOSTAGES
, and
HIS RANSOM
: Coulton,
Chaucer
, 25–26.

12
“COUCY SHINED IN DANCING
”: KL, VI, 392.

13
GOD OF LOVE IN
Roman de la Rose:
lines 2140–53, 2166–72.

14
POSTHUMOUS PORTRAIT
: now in the Museum of Soissons.
DUC D’ORLÉANS’
16
SERVANTS
: Coulton,
Chaucer
, 33.

15
FROISSART ON THE
G
ERMANS
: Luce-F, V, 289.

16
KING EDWARD NOT FLUENT IN ENGLISH:
Coulton,
Panorama
, 237.
ENGLISH COMPLAINT OF
1340: q. Darmesteter, 13.
JOHN OF TREVISA
: q. Gasquet, 234; Campbell, 177.

17
“ARRAYED AS FOR WAR
” and
STATUTE OF
1362: Hewitt,
Edw.
, 175.

18
PLAGUE OF 1
361:
Chron. 4 Valois
, 130–31; John of Reading, 150, 364;
Polychronicon
, 411; Saltmarsh; Carpentier,
Ville; G
. Mollat,
Papes
, 106; Coville, 160–61.

19
PROPHECY OF JEAN DE LA ROQUETAILLADE:
Chron. Jean de Venette
, 61–62; Cohn, 105–6.

20
LONDON, ONE-THIRD EMPTY
, and
SANITATION:
Sabine
.

21
BUXEAUL
: Duby, 523.

22
DESOLATION OF CHURCHES
: M. Mollat,
Vie
, 4, 9.
UNIVERSITY OF
M
ONTPELLIER:
Campbell, 156–57.

23
PETRARCH’S ACCOUNT OF
F
RANCE
: text from his
Epistolae de Rebus Familiaribus
in Cook, 23–24.
MISSION FROM
G
ALEAZZO AND ORATION AT COURT:
Wilkins, 217–24.

24
DAUPHIN’S SORROWS
and
NAVARRE’S POISON PLOT:
Gr. Chrons.
, VI, 166, 222; Delachenal, II, 268–69.

25
CITIZENS
O
F LA ROCHELLE AND CAHORS:
Froissart.
ST. ROMAIN DE TARN:

26
Hewitt,
Edw.
, 151.

27
RINGOIS
OF
A
BBEVILLE:
Gr. Chrons.
, VI, 91; Delachenal, II, 178, n. 4.

28
TREATY OF THE “LILIES” AND COUCY
: Letters of King Jean naming Coucy and other correspondence in this matter are collected in Rymer, 72, 694, 700, 702; see also Lehoux, I, 171.

29
FIGHT AT BRIGNAIS
: Lot, 404–5; Cox, 164.

30
JEAN CONSIDERS MARRYING JOANNA OF NAPLES
: Orléans, H.D.,
Notes et documents
.

31
JEAN’S RETURN TO CAPTIVITY
: KL, la, 119; Duckett, 9; Delachenal, II, 351.

32
JEAN’S DEATH AND FUNERAL:
Chron J. &
C, I, 339–41; Michelet, III, 368.

1
I SABELLA
: The facts of Isabella’s life, household, possessions, and finances are in Green, 164–228, who collected them from extensive original research in the Wardrobe Accounts, Close Rolls, Pipe Rolls, and various contemporary English chronicles. On Isabella’s character, see Hardy, 168, 182.

2
BÉRARD D’ALBRET
: KL, Biog. Index, XX, 20.

3
“ONLY FOR LOVE”:
Poly chronic on
, 365. J
OAN OF RENT
: KL, II, 243.

4
LADIES IN MALE ATTIRE AT TOURNAMENTS
: Knighton, q. J. Cammidge,
The Black Prince
, 1943, 108.

5
PLUCKING EYEBROWS
: La Tour Landry, 96.

6
DUENNA’S ADVICE IN
Roman de la Rose:
lines 13,879–14,444, trans, in Herlihy,
Med. Culture
.

7
AGNES AND MACHAUT
: Machaut, xiv, xvii.
CHASTITY BELT
: Dingwall, 4, 76, 160.
DESCHAMPS
,
“Suis-je belle?”:
q. Cohen,
Vie
, 293–95.

8
JEAN DE CONDÉ’S TALE
: Hellman & O’Gorman, 24–25.
OTHER
fabliaux:
ibid., also Brians,
Bawdy Tales
.

9
VINCENT DE BEAUVAIS
: q. Owst, 378.

10
PETRARCH RENOUNCES THE FLESH:
Correspondence
, 62, 92, 403.
“WHERESOEVER BEAUTY SHOWS
”: Master Rypon, a 14th century preacher, q. Owst, 48.

11
QUESTIONS OF SEX AND SIN
: Noonan, 249, 274, 279, 283, 293–94.

12
SODOMY “AGAINST NATURE” AND “WORST OF SINS
”: Aquinas,
Summa Theologica
, q. Noonan, 339–40.

13
ILLUMINATED MS. DEPICTING IRE AS A WOMAN:
Mâle, 331–33.
AQUINAS ON WOMAN’S PLACE:
Summa Theologica
, q. Jarrett,
Social
, 72, 74.
BONET, “MAN IS NOBLER”:
194.

14
DUNMOW FLITCH
: For text of the oath, see
Reader’s Encyclopedia
, ed. W. R. Benét, New York, 1948.

15
NUNS “LIKE DOGS CHAINED UP TOO MUCH
”: q. Jarrett,
Social
, 82.
WOMEN’S DEATH RATE
: J. C. Russell,
Fontana
, 29.