Agincourt (62 page)

26 Monstrelet, iii, pp. 113, 116, 114;
Bourgeois
, p. 79; http:// gilles. mailet. free. fr/ histoire/recit/recit_duche_et_comte_de bourgogn.htm; http:// membres. lycos.fr/valsoleil/hellandes/histoire_du_fief_de_hellande.htm. For the
bailli
of Evreux, Pierre de Hellenvillier, see below, p. 312. Robin de Hellande, the
bailli
of Rouen, was captured but died of his wounds on 15 December 1415: see below, p. 343.
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27 Bacquet, pp. 76-8, 80; www.defense.gouv.fr/gendarmerie/lexique/ aafcbcbefbf. htm; www.ville-auchydeshesdin.fr/default_zone/fr/html/ page-77. html.
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28 See below, p. 356.
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29 Monstrelet, iii, p. 112; Bouvier, p. 20 n. 3;
St-Denys
, v, p. 572.
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30 Bouvier, pp. 68-9 and 68 nn. 4 and 5; Baye,
Journal
, ii, p. 224 and n. 1.
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31
St-Denys
, v, p. 570; le Févre, i, p. 242.
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32 Monstrelet, iii, p. 118 n. 5; www2.ac-lille.fr/fjoliot-calonne/calonnort/ historiqueCalonne.htm; le Févre, i, 266; http://perso.wanadoo.fr/ jean-claude. colrat/enigmes.htm;
Liste
.
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33 Monstrelet, iii, pp. 118 n. 5, 120 and n. 2;
Liste
; http:// jarnou. free.fr/ degribauval.htm.
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34
Liste
; http://jarnou.free.fr/site078.htm; http://pascale.olivaux.free.fr/ Histoire/Pages/Picardie.htm; Monstrelet, iii, p. 113.
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35 http://jeulin.chez.tiscali.fr/Normandie/Mesnieres/histoire/MesnBois.htm; Baye,
Journal
, i, pp. 95 n. 1, 98.
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36 On 6 December 1415, “Theobaldus Chauntemarle,” a prisoner, and two servants, were among a group of Frenchmen given safe-conducts to return to France to negotiate their ransoms. Perhaps he was unsuccessful and had to return to England, or died before he set off:
Foedera
, ix, p. 323.
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37 http://jeulin.chez.tiscali.fr/Normandie/Mesnieres/histoire/MesnBois.htm.
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38 Siméon Luce,
La France Pendant la Guerre du Cent Ans: Épisodes Historiques et Vie Privée aux XIVe et XVe Siècles
(Libraire Hachette et Cie., Paris, 1904), pp. 150, 166-70, 174-5.
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39 Le Févre, i, pp. 266, 265, 248; Bouvier, pp. 68-9, 69 n. 1; Monstrelet, iii, p. 113; Allmand (ed),
Society at War
, p. 25.
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40 Monstrelet, iii, pp. 104, 124; Luce,
La France Pendant la Guerre du Cent Ans
, pp. 176-7.
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41 Ibid., pp. 183-8, 190-3;
St-Denys
, v, pp. 310-12.
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42 www.ville-auchyleshesdin.fr/default_zone/fr/html/page-77.html. Their burial site was lost when the abbey was destroyed.
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43 Curry, pp. 459-60.
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44 Curry, p. 467. The petition was inspected under a
vidimus
of July 1416, by which date presumably nothing had changed.
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45 Le Févre, i, p. 260;
GHQ
, p. 92.
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46 Ibid., p. 93; le Févre, i, p. 260.
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47 W&W, ii, pp. 176 n. 4, 220.
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48 Bacquet, p. 95; le Févre, i, p. 260.
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49 Ibid.; W&W, ii, p. 217 n. 6, quote other examples of this practice.
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50 http://home.tiscali.be/lathuyfdlc/gen/pafg131.htm#2705; Bacquet, pp. 83, 84, 87.
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51 Ibid., pp. 95-6, 83-4. The heralds’ list, which was preserved in the duke of Brabant’s library in Brussels, is reproduced in ibid., pp. 85-6.
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52 Monstrelet, iii, p. 122; W&W, ii, p. 225. Monstrelet, and other Burgundian apologists, attribute the initiative to the charitable piety of Philippe, count of Charolais, son of John the Fearless, who was absent from the battle.
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CHAPTER SEVENTEEN: THE RETURN OF THE KING

1
GHQ
, p. 93.
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2 Capgrave, p. 134;
Brut
, ii, p. 557; Elmham, “Liber Metricus,” p. 123; Keen,
Chivalry
, p. 47.
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3
GHQ
, p. 99.
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4 W&W, ii, p. 190 n. 7; Bacquet, p. 103.
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5 “Le Livre des Trahisons de France envers la Maison de Bourgogne,” p. 129; Basin,
Histoire de Charles VII
, i, p. 44; W&W, ii, p. 202 n. 4;
St-Denys
, v, pp. 558-60.
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6 Le Févre, i, p. 261; Bacquet, pp. 94-5, 105.
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7
St Albans
, p. 97; le Févre, i, pp. 268-9;
St-Denys
, v, p. 574; Bacquet, p. 95; W&W, ii, p. 243 n. 8.
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8 Curry, p. 63; le Févre, i, p. 263.
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9
GHQ
, pp. 98-100; le Févre, i, p. 260; Monstrelet, iii, pp. 111-12.
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10 Le Févre, i, p. 261; Monstrelet, iii, p. 112; W&W, ii, p. 186 and nn. 2, 5.
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11 Bacquet, p. 112.
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12 Le Févre, i, pp. 261-2; W&W, ii, p. 248 and nn. 3, 4; Devon, p. 342. On 2 November 1415, the men of Falkenham in Suffolk were ordered to send ale and other victuals with all possible speed to Calais, “as it is well known that [the king] is now at Calais in person with his army”:
CCR
, p. 237.
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13 See above, p. 117.
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14 Le Févre, i, p. 263; W&W, ii, p. 248 and nn. 7, 8, 10.
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15 Nicolas, Appx vi, p. 24. The names of twenty-four are given in W&W, ii, p. 252 n. 5. Jean, sire d’Estouteville, is not mentioned there, but it is clear from de Gaucourt’s account that the two men presented themselves to Henry V together.
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16 http://membres.lycos.fr/valsoleil/hellandes/histoire_du_fief_de_hellande. htm; W&W, ii, p. 251 n. 9. The surviving nine prisoners were shipped to England in February 1417 and sent to the Fleet prison in London.
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17 W&W, ii, pp. 251 n. 9, 252 n. 5; Devon, pp. 355-6. Peter Altobasse (d.1427), a Portuguese who was naturalised as an English citizen in 1420, was physician and clerk to the first three Lancastrian kings: Talbot and Hammond,
The Medical Practitioners in Medieval England: A Biographical Register
, pp. 246-7.
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18 W&W, ii, p. 244 n. 3, p. 249 n. 6.
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19 Ibid., ii, p. 249 n. 6; Devon, pp. 344-5.
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20
GHQ
, p. 100. De Gaucourt and the Harfleur prisoners clearly accompanied the king, since £40 11s 11d was paid by the treasurer of the king’s household for their expenses at Calais for five days only (that is, 11-16 November): they did not remain in Calais until 10 December, as suggested by
GHQ
, p. 100 n. 1, based on conflicting statements in W&W, ii, p. 252 nn. 4, 6.
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21 Le Févre, i, p. 264; Monstrelet, iii, p. 125;
St Albans
, p. 97. Later chroniclers, such as the
First English Life
, p. 64, built upon these reports to glorify Henry’s insouciance in the face of danger and to denigrate the cowardice of the French, who were said to have been as afraid as they had been at Agincourt.
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22
GHQ
, p. 100; Elmham, “Liber Metricus,” p. 124; Jonathan Alexander and Paul Binski (eds),
Age of Chivalry: Art in Plantagenet England 1200-1400
(Royal Academy of Arts, London, 1987), pp. 479-81.
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23 See above, p. 114.
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24
GHQ
, p. 100; Elmham, “Liber Metricus,” p. 124;
Memorials of London and London Life
, p. 621.
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25 Ibid., pp. 621-2;
Letter-Books
, p. 144.
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26
GHQ
, p. 103; Usk, pp. 258-61.
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27 Ibid.;
Brut
, ii, p. 558; le Févre, i, p. 264.
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28
GHQ
, p. 103; Usk, p. 261. The differing characters of the two men are also evident in the fact that Adam sees a lance, the chaplain only a baton, in the giant’s hand.
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29 Ibid.; Elmham, “Liber Metricus,” pp. 125-6;
GHQ
, pp. 104-5.
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30
GHQ
, p. 107; Elmham, “Liber Metricus,” p. 126.
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31
GHQ
, pp. 107-9; Elmham, “Liber Metricus,” pp. 126-7.
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32
GHQ
, pp. 108-11; Elmham, “Liber Metricus,” p. 127; Usk, p. 261. “Glorious things of thee are spoken” is from Psalms 44.8.
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33 Ibid., p. 261; W&W, ii, pp. 268-9, where, following later sources, the presentation is placed on the day after the king’s formal entry into London.
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34
GHQ
, pp. 110-13; Elmham, “Liber Metricus,” pp. 127-8.
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35
GHQ
, p. 113; McLeod, p. 133. See also Elmham, “Liber Metricus,” pp. 128-9.
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36
GHQ
, p. 113; Elmham, “Liber Metricus,” p. 129; Usk, p. 263.
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37 W&W, ii, p. 271 n. 5; Marks and Williamson (eds),
Gothic Art for England 1400-1547
, p. 439. The choir and the duke’s tomb were destroyed during the Reformation; the nave, built by Richard, duke of York, survived as the parish church. The existing memorial to the duke in the church was erected later in the sixteenth century. The remains of Michael de la Pole, the young earl of Suffolk, were likewise removed from London for their interment, probably at Wingfield in Suffolk, though legend has it that he was buried in a silver casket at Butley Abbey in Suffolk. I am grateful to Ian Chance for this information. W&W, ii, p. 274, wrongly assert that he was buried at Ewelme, Oxfordshire: the family connection with this church did not begin until William de la Pole married Alice Chaucer over a decade later.
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38 Jacques Godard, “Quelques Précisions sur la Campagne d’Azincourt Tirées des Archives Municipales d’Amiens,”
Bulletin Trimestre de la Société des Antiquaires de Picardie
(1971), p. 134; Bacquet, p. 111.
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39 Curry, p. 462; Godard, “Quelques Précisions sur la Campagne d’Azincourt Tirées des Archives Municipales d’Amiens,” p. 135.
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40
St-Denys
, v, p. 582.
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41 W&W, ii, pp. 282-3.
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42 Ibid., ii, pp. 281, 286-7;
St-Denys
, v, pp. 586-8; Baye,
Journal
, ii, pp. 231-2.
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43 Vaughan, pp. 208-10; W&W, ii, pp. 293-4.
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CHAPTER EIGHTEEN: THE REWARDS OF VICTORY

1
Rotuli Parliamentorum
, iv, p. 62.
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2 Ibid., pp. 63-4;
GHQ
, pp. 122-5; Harriss, “The Management of Parliament,” in
HVPK
, p. 147. The extraordinary and personal nature of the grant was reflected in the condition that it was not to establish a precedent for future kings.
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3 Heath,
Church and Realm 1272-1461
, p. 281;
ODNB
; W&W, ii, pp. 238-9.
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4 Allmand,
Henry V
, pp. 100-1.
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5 Heath,
Church and Realm 1272-1461
, p. 281. St John’s bones had been translated twice, so his other feast day, 7 May, was also upgraded in the church calendar.
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6 McKenna, “How God Became an Englishman,” pp. 35-6;
GHQ
, pp. xviii, xxiv, 181. The first of Henry’s three victories referred to by the chaplain was over the Lollards.
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7 Ibid., pp. xxviii-xxix; Keen,
The Pelican History of Medieval Europe
, pp. 288ff.
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8
GHQ
, p. 17; Keen, “Diplomacy,” in
HVPK
, p. 195; Devon, p. 345.
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9
Rotuli Parliamentorum
, iv, pp. 100-1;
ODNB
; Harriss, “The King and his Magnates,” pp. 36, 39.
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10
Rotuli Parliamentorum
, iv, p. 96;
ODNB
.
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11 E358/6, TNA, is the final set of accounts for fifty-nine indentees, including the duke of York and Lord Camoys, to have survived. It records details of cash payments, jewels received in pledge, the value of war winnings and the numbers and status of men lost during the campaign and shipped home from Calais (with their horses) in each company.
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12
POPC
, ii, pp. 222-3, 225-7; Nicolas, Appx xi, pp. 50-2. The meeting was held on 6 March 1417.
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13 Ibid., Appx xiii, pp. 55-8; Harriss, “The King and his Magnates,” p. 41.
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14 Nicolas, pp. 171-2; Devon, p. 423. Clyff’s claim for wages alone would have amounted to £126, so he must have already received three-quarters of what the crown owed him.
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