Are We Smart Enough to Know How Smart Animals Are? (45 page)

Mendes, N., D. Hanus, and J. Call. 2007. Raising the level: Orangutans use water as a tool.
Biology Letters
3:453–55.

Mendres, K. A., and F. B. M. de Waal. 2000. Capuchins do cooperate: The advantage of an intuitive task.
Animal Behaviour
60: 523–29.

Menzel, E. W. 1972. Spontaneous invention of ladders in a group of young chimpanzees.
Folia primatologica
17:87–106.

———. 1974. A group of young chimpanzees in a one-acre field. In
Behavior of Non-Human Primates
, ed. A. M. Schrier and F. Stollnitz, 5:83–153. New York: Academic Press.

Mercader, J., et al. 2007. 4,300-year-old chimpanzee sites and the origins of percussive stone technology.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
104:3043–48.

Miklósi, Á., et al. 2003. A simple reason for a big difference: Wolves do not look back at humans, but dogs do.
Current Biology
13:763–66.

Mischel, W., and E. B. Ebbesen. 1970. Attention in delay of gratification.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
16:329–37.

Mischel, W., E. B. Ebbesen, and A. R. Zeiss. 1972. Cognitive and attentional mechanisms in delay of gratification.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
21:204–18.

Moore, B. R. 1973. The role of directed pavlovian responding in simple instrumental learning in the pigeon. In
Constraints on Learning,
ed. R. A. Hinde and J. S. Hinde, 159–87. London: Academic Press.

———. 1992. Avian movement imitation and a new form of mimicry: Tracing the evoluting of a complex form of learning.
Behaviour
122:231–63.

———. 2004. The evolution of learning.
Biological Review
79:301–35.

Moore, B. R., and S. Stuttard. 1979. Dr. Guthrie and
Felis domesticus
or: Tripping over the cat.
Science
205:1031–33.

Morell, V. 2013.
Animal Wise: The Thoughts and Emotions of Our Fellow Creatures.
New York: Crown.

Morgan, C. L. 1894.
An Introduction to Comparative Psychology
. London: Scott.

———. 1903.
An Introduction to Comparative Psychology
, new ed. London: Scott.

Morris, D. 2010. Retrospective: Beginnings. In
Tinbergen’s Legacy in
Behaviour
: Sixty Years of Landmark Stickleback Papers
, ed. F. Von Hippel, 49–53. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill.

Morris, R., and D. Morris. 1966.
Men and Apes.
New York: McGraw-Hill.

Mulcahy, N. J., and J. Call. 2006. Apes save tools for future use.
Science
312:1038–40.

Nagasawa, M., et al. 2015. Oxytocin-gaze positive loop and the co-evolution of human-dog bonds.
Science
348:333–36.

Nagel, T. 1974. What is it like to be a bat?
Philosophical Review
83:435–50.

Nakamura, M., W. C. McGrew, L. F. Marchant, and T. Nishida. 2000. Social scratch: Another custom in wild chimpanzees?
Primates
41:237–48.

Neisser, U. 1967.
Cognitive Psychology.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Nielsen, R., et al. 2005. A scan for positively selected genes in the genomes of humans and chimpanzees.
Plos Biology
3:976–85.

Nishida, T. 1983. Alpha status and agonistic alliances in wild chimpanzees.
Primates
24:318–36.

Nishida, T., et al. 1992. Meat-sharing as a coalition strategy by an alpha male chimpanzee? In
Topics of Primatology
, ed. T. Nishida, 159–74. Tokyo: Tokyo Press.

Nishida, T., and K. Hosaka. 1996. Coalition strategies among adult male chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains, Tanzania. In
Great Ape Societies
ed. W. C. McGrew, L. F. Marchant, and T. Nishida, 114–34. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

O’Connell, C. 2015.
Elephant Don: The Politics of a Pachyderm Posse.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Ostoji´c, L., R. C. Shaw, L. G. Cheke, and N. S. Clayton. 2013. Evidence suggesting that desire-state attribution may govern food sharing in Eurasian jays.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
110: 4123–28.

Osvath, M. 2009. Spontaneous planning for stone throwing by a male chimpanzee.
Current Biology
19:R191–92.

Osvath, M., and G. Martin-Ordas. 2014. The future of future-oriented cognition in non-humans: Theory and the empirical case of the great apes.
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
369:20130486.

Osvath, M., and H. Osvath. 2008. Chimpanzee (
Pan troglodytes
) and orangutan (
Pongo abelii
) forethought: Self-control and pre-experience in the face of future tool use.
Animal Cognition
11:661–74.

Ottoni, E. B., and M. Mannu. 2001. Semifree-ranging tufted capuchins (
C
ebus apella
) spontaneously use tools to crack open nuts.
International Journal of Primatology
22:347–58.

Overduin-de Vries, A. M., B. M. Spruijt, and E. H. M. Sterck. 2013. Long-tailed macaques (
Macaca
fascicularis
) understand what conspecifics can see in a competitive situation.
Animal Cognition
17:77–84.

Parr, L., and F. B. M. de Waal. 1999. Visual kin recognition in chimpanzees.
Nature
399:647-48.

Parvizi, J. 2009. Corticocentric myopia: Old bias in new cognitive sciences.
Trends in Cognitive Sciences
13:354–59.

Paxton, R., et al. 2010. Rhesus monkeys rapidly learn to select dominant individuals in videos of artificial social interactions between unfamiliar conspecifics.
Journal of Comparative Psychology
124:395–401.

Pearce, J. M. 2008.
Animal Learning and Cognition: An Introduction
, 3rd ed. East Sussex, UK: Psychology Press.

Penn, D. C., and D. J. Povinelli. 2007. On the lack of evidence that non-human animals possess anything remotely resembling a “theory of mind.”
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
362:731–44.

Pepperberg, I. M. 1999.
The Alex Studies: Cognitive and Communicative Abilities of Grey Parrots.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

———. 2008.
Alex and Me.
New York: Collins.

———. 2012. Further evidence for addition and numerical competence by a grey parrot (
Psittacus erithacus
).
Animal Cognition
15:711–17.

Perdue, B. M., R. J. Snyder, Z. Zhihe, M. J. Marr, and T. L. Maple. 2011. Sex differences in spatial ability: A test of the range size hypothesis in the order Carnivora.
Biology Letters
7:380–83.

Perry, S. 2008.
Manipulative Monkeys: The Capuchins of Lomas Barbudal
. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

———. 2009. Conformism in the food processing techniques of white-faced capuchin monkeys (
Cebus capucinus
).
Animal Cognition
12:705–16.

Perry, S., H. Clark Barrett, and J. H. Manson. 2004. White-faced capuchin monkeys show triadic awareness in their choice of allies.
Animal Behaviour
67:165–70.

Pfenning, A. R., et al. 2014. Convergent transcriptional specializations in the brains of humans and song-learning birds.
Science
346:1256846.

Pfungst, O. 1911.
Clever Hans (The Horse of Mr. von Osten): A Contribution to Experimental Animal and Human Psychology
. New York: Henry Holt.

Plotnik, J. M., et al. 2014. Thinking with their trunks: Elephants use smell but not sound to locate food and exclude nonrewarding alternatives.
Animal Behaviour
88:91–98.

Plotnik, J. M., F. B. M. de Waal, and D. Reiss. 2006. Self-recognition in an Asian elephant.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
103:17053–57.

Plotnik, J. M., R. C. Lair, W. Suphachoksakun, and F. B. M. de Waal. 2011. Elephants know when they need a helping trunk in a cooperative task.
Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences USA
108:516–21.

Pokorny, J., and F. B. M. de Waal. 2009. Monkeys recognize the faces of group mates in photographs.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
106:21539–43.

Pollick, A. S., and F. B. M. de Waal. 2007. Ape gestures and language evolution.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
104:8184–89.

Povinelli, D. J. 1987. Monkeys, apes, mirrors and minds: The evolution of self-awareness in primates.
Human Evolution
2:493–509.

———. 1989. Failure to find self-recognition in Asian elephants (
Elephas maximus
) in contrast to their use of mirror cues to discover hidden food.
Journal of Comparative Psychology
103:122–31.

———. 1998. Can animals empathize?
Scientific American Presents: Exploring Intelligence
67:72–75.

———. 2000.
Folk Physics for Apes: The Chimpanzee’s Theory of How the World Works.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Povinelli, D. J., et al. 1997. Chimpanzees recognize themselves in mirrors.
Animal Behaviour
53:1083–88.

Premack, D. 2007. Human and animal cognition: Continuity and discontinuity.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
104:13861–67.

———. 2010. Why humans are unique: Three theories.
Perspectives on Psychological Science
5:22–32.

Premack, D., and A. J. Premack. 1994. Levels of causal understanding in chimpanzees and children.
Cognition
50: 347–62.

Premack, D., and G. Woodruff. 1978. Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
4:515–26.

Preston, S. D. 2013. The origins of altruism in offspring care.
Psychological Bulletin
139:1305–41.

Price, T. 2013.
Vocal Communication within the Genus
Chlorocebus
: Insights i
nto Mechanisms of Call Production and Call Perception.
Unpublished thesis, Univerity of Göttingen, Germany.

Prior, H., A. Schwarz, and O. Güntürkün. 2008. Mirror-induced behavior in the magpie (
Pica pica
): Evidence of self-recognition.
Plos Biology
6:e202.

Proctor, D., R. A. Williamson, F. B. M. de Waal, and S. F. Brosnan. 2013. Chimpanzees play the ultimatum game.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
110: 2070–75.

Proust, M. 1913–27.
Remembrance of Things Past
, vol. 1,
Swann’s Way and Within a Budding Grove.
New York: Vintage Press.

Pruetz, J. D., and P. Bertolani. 2007. Savanna chimpanzees,
Pan troglodytes verus,
hunt with tools.
Current Biology
17:412–17.

Raby, C. R., D. M. Alexis, A. Dickinson, and N. S. Clayton. 2007. Planning for the future by western scrub-jays.
Nature
445:919–21.

Rajala, A. Z., K. R. Reininger, K. M. Lancaster, and L. C. Populin. 2010. Rhesus monkeys (
Macaca mulatta
) do recognize themselves in the mirror: Implications for the evolution of self-recognition.
Plos ONE
5:e12865.

Range, F., L. Horn, Z. Viranyi, and L. Huber. 2008. The absence of reward induces inequity aversion in dogs.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
106:340–45.

Range, F., and Z. Virányi. 2014. Wolves are better imitators of conspecifics than dogs.
Plos ONE
9:e86559.

Reiss, D., and L. Marino. 2001. Mirror self-recognition in the bottlenose dolphin: A case of cognitive convergence.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA
98:5937–42.

Roberts, A. I., S.-J. Vick, S. G. B. Roberts, and C. R. Menzel. 2014. Chimpanzees modify intentional gestures to coordinate a search for hidden food.
Nature Communications
5:3088.

Roberts, W. A. 2012. Evidence for future cognition in animals.
Learning and Motivation
43:169–80.

Rochat, P. 2003. Five levels of self-awareness as they unfold early in life.
Consciousness and Cognition
12:717–31.

Röell, R. 1996.
De Wereld van Instinct: Niko Tinbergen en het Ontstaan van de Ethologie in Nederland (1920–1950).
Rotterdam: Erasmus.

Romanes, G. J. 1882.
Animal Intelligence.
London: Kegan, Paul, and Trench.

———. 1884.
Mental Evolution in Animals.
New York: Appleton.

Sacks, O. 1985.
The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat.
London: Picador.

Saito, A., and K. Shinozuka. 2013. Vocal recognition of owners by domestic cats (
Felis catus
).
Animal Cognition
16:685–90.

Sanz, C. M., C. Schöning, and D. B. Morgan. 2010. Chimpanzees prey on army ants with specialized tool set.
American Journal of Primatology
72:17–24.

Sapolsky, R. 2010. Language. May 21, http://bit.ly/1BUEv9L.

Satel, S., and S. O. Lilienfeld. 2013.
Brain Washed: The Seductive Appeal of Mindless Neuroscience.
New York: Basic Books.

Savage-Rumbaugh, S., and R. Lewin. 1994.
Kanzi: The Ape at the Brink of the Human Mind.
New York: Wiley.

Sayigh, L. S., et al. 1999. Individual recognition in wild bottlenose dolphins: A field test using playback experiments.
Animal Behaviour
57:41–50.

Schel, M. A., et al. 2013. Chimpanzee alarm call production meets key criteria for intentionality.
Plos ONE
8:e76674.

Schusterman, R. J., C. Reichmuth Kastak, and D. Kastak. 2003. Equivalence classification as an approach to social knowledge: From sea lions to simians. In
Animal Social Complexity
, ed. F. B. M. de Waal and P. L. Tyack, 179–206. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.