Ashoka: The Search for India's Lost Emperor (69 page)

Shunga dynasty,
36
,
200
,
238
,
246
–
7
,
277
,
278
,
294
,
359
,
397

Siam,
168
,
186
,
327

Sikhism,
xviii
–
xix
,
21
,
40
,
233
,
235

Sircar, C.D.,
405

Sisikottos (Sisocostus/Sashigupta)
see
Chandragupta, King

slavery,
1
–
2
,
7
,
9
,
13
,
22
,
98
,
115

Smith, Edward,
158

Smith, Vincent,
xvii
,
315
,
327
,
330
,
346

Société Asiatique (France),
114

Sohgaura plate,
314
–
17
,
315

Somadeva (poet),
66

Sopara rock edict,
290

Spooner, Dr David,
324
–
6
,
325
,
387

Sravasti,
151
,
214
,
253
,
269
,
274
,
285
,
312
,
315

Sri Lanka, xvii;
see also
Ceylon

Srinagar,
228

Srivastiva, K.M.,
328

St Paul’s (public school, Darjeeling),
183

Stirling, Andrew,
108
–
9
,
110
,
112
–
13
,
133
,
154

Strabo (historian),
45
,
58
,
61

Strong, John,
190
,
200

Stuart, General Charles ‘Hindoo’,
154
–
5

stupas (also topes: brick and plaster structures),
106
,
117
,
182
,
212
,
213
,
243
,
290
,
320
; in Afghanistan,
132
; Amalaka stupa,
216
; Ashoka’s building programme,
191
–
2
,
195
–
6
,
210
,
268
,
298
,
385
,
386
,
387
,
393
; Ashoka’s relic stupas,
204
–
5
,
207
–
8
,
215
,
216
,
247
–
8
,
328
,
340
,
341
,
342
; at Assandh,
377
; Buddhist stupa cult,
294
,
340
,
385
; in Ceylon,
150
,
151
;
chaityas
in Nepal,
126
,
127
;
evidence of deliberate iconoclasm,
291
; at Kapilavastu,
312
,
313
; Kesariya stupa,
294
; at Lumbini pool,
214
–
15
; at Piprahwa,
326
–
30
; Pushyamitra’s destruction of,
196
,
246
–
7
; Ramagrama relic stupa,
340
,
341
,
342
;
see also
Amaravati
Maha Chaiyta
or ‘Great Stupa’; Bharhut stupa; Sanchi
(chaitya giri
or ‘hill of shrines’); Sarnath complex of ruins

Subhadrangi (mother of Ashoka),
188
,
373
,
374

Subuthi, Venerable, xvii

Sufism,
31
–
2

Sumano (Sanghamitta’s son),
148
,
149

Susa (Persian capital),
55
–
6
,
368

Sushima, Prince (also Sumana, Bindusara’s son),
101
,
145
,
189
–
90
,
200
,
373
,
374
,
375
,
377

synchronology,
44
–
5
,
63
–
8
,
143
,
144
,
178
–
9
,
259
–
61
,
365
,
366
–
7

Syrian Wars,
62

Takht-i-bahi monastic complex,
234

Tamil Tigers,
97

Taranatha,
History of Buddhism in India
(1608),
197
–
200
,
373
,
382
,
391

Tartary,
76

Tata, Sir Ratan,
324

Tavernier, Jean Baptiste,
20
,
21

Taxila,
212
–
13
,
243
,
260
–
2
,
306
,
336
,
354
,
377
,
396
; Ashoka and,
189
,
191
,
262
,
375
–
6
; Brahman Chanakya and,
363
,
365
; King Omphis of,
46
,
48
,
51
,
52
,
53
,
54
,
55
; Kunala as governor,
193
,
298
,
392
,
395

Taylor, Colonel Henry,
106

Thapar, Romila,
358

Tharu people,
292

Tibet,
xiii
,
22
,
23
,
127
,
182
,
186
,
197
,
228
,
373
,
382
; language,
128
–
9
,
138
–
9
,
162
,
197

Tiefenthaler, Joseph,
23
–
4

Timur of Khorasan, Amir (Tamberlaine),
15
–
16

Tipu Sultan, overthrow of,
72
,
82

Tishyarakshita (Ashoka’s queen),
192
,
193
–
4
,
296
–
7
,
298
,
344
,
390
,
392
; execution of,
194
,
298
,
392
,
395

Tissa (brother of Ashoka),
145
,
146
,
373
,
378
,
386

Tod, Major James,
111
–
12
,
113
,
114
,
131
–
2
,
133
,
158
,
177

topes see
stupas (brick and plaster structures)

Turnour, George,
97
,
98
,
102
–
4
,
123
,
131
,
168
–
9
,
181
,
183
,
310
; translation of
Great Dynastic Chronicle
,
103
–
4
,
105
,
141
–
4
,
151
,
152
,
164
–
5
,
168
,
186
,
229

Ujjain,
101
,
144
,
296
,
351
,
376
,
395
,
396

Upagupta,
187
,
188
,
191
–
2
,
194
,
197
,
359
,
382
–
3
,
387

Vaishali (Bakhra),
85
,
151
,
215
,
343

Varanasi (Benares),
1
,
28
,
42
,
120
,
125
,
336
; Anglicisation of by EICo,
43
–
4
; Buddhism and,
43
,
44
,
215
; in Mughal period,
19
–
22
,
43
–
4
,
125
;
see also
Sarnath complex of ruins

Vasiliev, Vasili,
197
,
200

Veda Vyasa,
76

Ventura, General (Italian mercenary),
129
,
131

Vidyasagar, Ishwar Chandra,
121

Vigatashoka, King (Ashoka’s grandson),
199

Virasena (Ashoka’s great-grandson),
199
–
200

Vishakhadatta,
Mudrarakshasa
(or ‘The Minister’s Signet Ring’),
66
–
7
,
84
,
101
,
366
,
369

Vitashoka (Ashoka’s brother),
194
,
373
,
378
,
386

Vithalla shrine at Pandharpur, xiv

Waddell, Dr L.A.,
317
–
24
,
326
,
386

Waskaduwe, Venerable, xvii

Wellesley, Arthur (Duke of Wellington),
72

Wellesley, Lord,
71
–
3
,
98
,
114
,
121

Wells, H.G.,
346
–
7

West Jumna Canal,
9

Whig politics,
25

Wild Goose Pagoda
(Dayan Ta)
,
203
,
219

Wilkins, Charles,
32
–
3
,
99
,
113

Williams, Monier,
249

Wilson, Dr Horace Hayman,
74
–
7
,
141
–
3
,
154
,
221
,
223
,
224
,
229
,
230
,
249
; as Asiatic Society Secretary,
74
–
5
,
77
–
8
,
110
–
13
,
119
,
124
,
127
,
128
–
30
,
138
; narrow-mindedness of,
110
–
11
,
128
,
129
,
138

Wilson, Reverend Dr John,
158

Xandrames or Aggrames, King,
54
,
59

Xuanzang (Chinese Buddhist),
210
–
20
,
294
,
328
,
330
,
338
,
359
,
390
–
1
,
392
,
393
–
4
; in Chinese novel
Xi You Ji
,
202
,
220
; Cunningham and,
221
,
253
–
7
,
260
,
296
,
302
;
Da Tang Xiyo Ti
,
219
,
220
; monumental pillars and,
213
–
14
,
215
,
216
,
226
,
253
,
255
,
312
–
13
,
334
; Stanislas Julien’s translation of,
201
,
253
; studies at Buddhist monasteries,
218
–
19
,
360
; Waddell and,
317
,
318
,
319

yakshinis (female fertility figures),
270
–
1
,
271
,
318
–
19
,
322
–
4
,
342
,
385

Yashah,
191
,
194
,
197
,
198
,
382

*
The terms ‘CE’ and ‘
BCE
’, standing for ‘of the common era’ and ‘before the common era’, have superseded
AD
and
BC
.